대기 건식침적 측정을 위한 물표면 매체 포집기의 성능평가

이승묵,정장표 이화여자대학교 환경문제연구소 1998 이화환경연구 Vol.2 No.-

원형 모양의 물 표면 매체 포집 기기가 대기중의 가스와 입자들의 건식 침적 유동량을 측정하기 위하여 개발되었다. 포집 기기는 날카로운 모서리와 아크릴로 만들어진 판(지름 37cm, 깊이 0.5cm)에 순환시스템을 통하여 계속해서 물이 공급되어지는 구조로 설계되어 있다. 물 표면 매체 포집 기기의 성능을 평가하기 위하여 황산염, 칼슘 그리고 납의 유동량(flux)을 일리노이주(Illinois) 시카고(Chicago)에서 측정하였다. 대기중 입자상의 건식 침적 유동량을 측정하기 위하여 날카로운 모서리를 지닌 침적판 위에 놓여진 그리스 표면 매체를 물 표면 매체와 동시에 대기중에 노출하였다. 통계학적 분석 결과에 의하면 칼슘과 납의 유동량(flux)은 두표면 매체에서의 침적량이 동일한 것으로 분석 평가되어져 물과 그리스 표면 매체는 입자상의 침적에 대해서는 동일한 특성을 지니는 것으로 판명될 수 있었다. 황산염의 건식 침적의 경우, 가스상(SO₂) 과 입자상(SO₄())의 물질이 동시에 물로 침적될 수 있기 때문에 황산염을 시험대상 화합물로 선택하였다. (이산화황은 물 속에서 빠르게 가수 분해되고 황산염으로 산화된다). 이산화황(SO₂ )의 유동량을 물 표면 매체와 그리스 표면 매체사이의 황산염 유동량의 차이에 의하여 결정하였다. 저항모델(resistance model)을 사용하여 계산한 개별 이산화황 기체상 질량전달계수(individual SO₂gas phase mass transfer coefficient)와 대기중의 이산화황 농도를 곱하여 황산염 유동량을 예측하였다. 저항 모델은 질량 전달을 일련의 저항들을 통과하는 전기 및 열적 흐름과의 유사성과 연관지어서 개발한 모델이다. 물 표면 매체 포집기기를 사용하여 직접 측정한 이산화황 유동량을 저항 모델을 사용하여 예측된 유동량들과 잘 일치하였다. 이 결과는 물 표면 매체 포집기기가 대기중에서 가스상과 입자상의 물질로 동시에 존재하는 질소 화합물, PCBs, PAHs 및 수은과 같은 화합물질들의 침적을 측정하는데도 유용하게 쓰일 수 있는 가능성을 시사하고 있다. A circular water surface sampler was developed to measure the dry deposition flux of atmospheric gases and particle. The sampler consists of a sharp edged, acrylic plate, filled with water(37cm in diameter and 0.5cm deep) that is continuously replenished from a reservoir by a pump that maintains a constant water depth. To evaluate the water surface sampler, the flux of sulfate, calcium and lead were measured in Chicago. IL. A sharp edged greased surface was exposed to the atmosphere simultaneously with the water surface to measure the dry deposition flux of atmospheric particles. Calcium and lead fluxes were found to be statistically the same indicating that the water and greased surfaces had the same particulate phase deposition characteristics. Sulfate was also selected as the test compound because it can be deposited to water as both a gas(SO₂) and particulate(SO₄()) from the atmosphere(SO₂is quickly hydrolized and oxidized to SO₄() in water). The flux of SO₂was determined from the difference in the sulfate flux between the water surface and the greased surface. For each sample the calculated SO₂ flux was calculated as the product of the individual SO₂ gas phase mass transfer coefficient calculated using a resistance model multiplied by the ambient SO₂ concentration. A resistance model was developed by analogy to electrical or heat flow through a series of resistances. The SO₂ fluxes measured directly with the water surface sampler agreed well with those predicted with the resistance model. These findings indicate this sampler will be useful for measuring the deposition of other compounds which exist in both the gas and particulate phases like nitrogen, PCBs, PAHs and Hg.

大氣擴散模型의 最大着地點에서의 敏感度 分析에 관한 硏究 : RAM, ISCST 模型을 事例로

鄭長杓,朴明浩 慶星大學校 環境問題硏究所 1991 環境硏報 Vol.1 No.1

Air quality dispersion models(AQM) are widely used to control of air pollutants and to predict the distridutions of air pollutants But AQM have many problems and limitations, therefore it is necessary to validate models before use. So in this study, to improve the model accuracy, the sensitivity analysis of two short-term models(RAM,ISCST) is perforned. The conclusions obtained from this study were as follows. 1) RAM model shows generally lower concentration than ISCST models, and the concentration values of RAM and ISCST models are almost same over the maximum concentration of downwind distance. 2) It appears that the sensitivities of gas exit velocity, and wind speed, are significant. The sensitivities on the change of mixing And their Sensitivity coefficient of maximum concentration is considerably high. 3) The gas exit velocity, gas temperature which affect the plume rise, have some effect on the concentration values of each model within the downwind distance where final plume rise is determined. 4) The sensitivities on the change of mixing height is insignificant in each model in case of mixing height, is close to effective height of stack. 5) The sensitivities on the change of ambient air temperature stack exit velocity are lowest. And the sensitivity coefficient of two models with downwind distance show larger value in the near distance from source. 6) The sensitivities on the change of emission rate are not appear and that concentrations are computated relatively. 7) It appear that the maximum concentration of downwind distance on differential stack height are influenced than the other input parameter.

PMF 모델의 적용과 활용방안

정장표 한국대기환경학회 2010 한국대기환경학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2010 No.10월

대기침적 현상이 수체에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

정장표,이무강,신현무,장남익 한국물환경학회 ( 구 한국수질보전학회 ) 2000 공동 추계학술발표회 Vol.2000 No.-

TUNVEN 모형의 검증 및 보정

정장표(Jang Pyo Cheong),윤삼석(Sam Seok Yoon),이승묵(Seung Muk Yi) 大韓環境工學會 2000 대한환경공학회지 Vol.22 No.4

황사 발원지 탐방사업 보고

정장표 한국대기환경학회 2006 한국대기환경학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.-

착지점 모형의 이론적 고찰(Ⅰ)

정장표 慶星大學校 環境問題硏究所 1994 環境硏報 Vol.4 No.1

Sourxe apportionment methods such as rexeptor models are widely used to egt the information of the relationship between receptor and sourxes for the resonble controlling of pollution level. Especially, the wider applications nof rexeptor models are expected in the futre owing to the advances in the theory and the developments in sampling tools and analytical instrument. Therefore, focuses of this study were concentrated on ; 1) the comparison of characteristics and functions between source model and receptor model, 2) the principles of receptor model including stating the fundamental structure and assumptions, and identifying usefulness and limitations of receptor model, and 3) the types of receptor model and thier advantages and disadvantages.

TCM모델과 Valley모델의 비교연구

정장표 慶星大學校 1988 論文集 Vol.9 No.1

Industrial growth and urban gravitation of the population, etc., have seriously deteriorated the air quality. And so, it is necesary to use the air quality dispersion models for the control of air pollutants and to predict the situation of air pollutant distributions. Therefore, in this study, TCM and Valley models were applied to two different areas, and examined their difterences and relations. And, on the bases of these results, the suitability of two models was studied. Especially, in case of Valley model, this study was carried out to clarify the effect by the application of terrain factors. The conclusions obtained from this study were as follows. 1) Valley1 model was the most predictable, when these two models were applied to the areas where terrain effect was not negligible. 2) Being judged from the correlation coefficient value and the codfficient of regression line, the order of prediction abliity was as follows, Valley1 > TCM >Valley2 3) It was obtained that the selection of receptor sites is very important, because the prediction ability of models is able to be determined by it.

농촌지역의 비점오염원 유출 특성에 관한 연구

정장표,차건봉,김좌관 慶星大學校 環境問題硏究所 1993 環境硏報 Vol.3 No.1

The purpose of this study is to find out characteristics of nonpoint source-pollutant loads For this, in the aspect of water guality Change during storm days, the relationship between Stream flow and pollutant mass loads was studied. Also the contributions of loading rates from nonpoint sources were calculated. In this study, the drainage area of Sooyeong river, upstream of the Hoedong reservoir, was investigated. The reservoir used for drinking water source in Pusan, is located in a rural area and few point sources in its drainage area. The results of this study were as follows. Changes in water quality during rainfall showed that parameters such as COD, PO₄-P, T-P, NH₄-N concentration increased about two times, on the other hand, NO₂-N, NO₃-N concentration decreased to about two third of the concentrations in drying periods. The regression equations for stream flow versus pollutant loads were obtained as follows: COD : LOG(M)=-4.531+1.396×LOG(Q) r²=0.768 NH4-N : LOG(M)=-3.227+0.948×LOG(Q) r²=0.825 NO2-N : LOG(M)=-5.744+1.216×LOG(Q) r²=0.641 T-P : LOG(M)=-8.303+1.804×LOG(Q) r²=0.811 PO4-P : LOG(M)=-7.726+1.660×LOG(Q) r²=0.820 The rate of pollutant contributions from nonpoint sources was 80.4% for COD, 75.8% for NH₄-N, 53% for NO₂-N, 57.3% for NO₃-N. 85% for T-P, 89% for PO₄-P, and that of phosphorous pollutant was higher than that of inorganic pollutants. The loading rates of nonpoint pollutants were calculated as 3.76kg/ha/d(COD), 0.2kg/ha/day(NH₄-N), 0.076kg/ha/d(T-P), 0.037kg/ha/d(PO₄-P), respectively. Results above mentioned showed that the pollutant contributions from nonpoint sources were not negligible and the control and management of nonpoint source were urgently needed.

배경농도지역에 영향을 미치는 영향배출원의 분포특성

정장표,이승훈 대한환경공학회 2006 대한환경공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2006 No.12