Smart City Energy Inclusion, Towards Becoming a Better Place to Live

차상룡 세계과학도시연합 2019 World Technopolis Review Vol.8 No.1

Where is a better place to live? In the coming era, this should be more than simply a livable place. It should be an adaptable place that has a flexible system adaptable to any new situation in terms of diversity. Customization and real-time operation are needed in order to realize this technologically. We expect a smart city to have a flexible system that applies technologies of self-monitoring and self-response, thereby being a promising city model towards being a better place to live. Energy demand and supply is a crucial issue concerning our expectations for the flexible system of a smart city because it is indispensable to comfortable living, especially city living. Although it may seem that energy diversification, such as the energy mix of a country, is a matter of overriding concern, the central point is the scale of place to build grids for realizing sustainable urban energy systems. A traditional hard energy path supported by huge centralized energy systems based on fossil and nuclear fuels on a national scale has already faced difficult problems, particularly in terms of energy flexibility/resilience. On the other hand, an alternative soft energy path consisting of small diversified energy systems based on renewable energy sources on a local scale has limitations regarding stability, variability, and supply potential despite the relatively light economic/technological burden that must be assumed to realize it. As another alternative, we can adopt a holonic path incorporating an alternative soft energy path with a traditional hard energy path complimentarily based on load management. This has a high affinity with the flexible system of a smart city. At a system level, the purpose of all of the paths mentioned above is not energy itself but the service it provides. If the expected energy service is fixed, the conclusive factor in choosing a more appropriate system is accessibility to the energy service. Accessibility refers to reliability and affordability; the former encompasses the level of energy self-sufficiency, and the latter encompasses the extent of energy saving. From this point of view, it seems that the small diversified energy systems of a soft energy path have a clear advantage over the huge centralized energy systems of a hard energy path. However, some insuperable limitations still remain, so it is reasonable to consider both energy systems continuing to coexist in a multiplexing energy system employing a holonic path to create and maintain reliable and affordable access to energy services that cover households’/enterprises’ basic energy needs. If this is embodied in a smart city concept, this is nothing else but smart energy inclusion. In Japan, following the Fukushima nuclear accident in 2011, a trend towards small diversified energy systems of a soft energy path intensified in order to realize a nuclear-free society. As a result, the Government of Japan proclaimed in its Fifth Strategic Energy Plan that renewable energy must be the main source of power in Japan by 2050. Accordingly, Sony vowed that all the energy it uses would come from renewable sources by 2040. In this situation, it is expected that smart energy inclusion will be achieved by the Japanese version of a smart grid based on the concept of a minimum cost scheme and demand response.

쓰쿠바연구학원도시의 연구·공업단지 개발정책

차상룡 국토연구원 2004 국토연구 Vol.43 No.-

This study aimed to review and evaluate the policy for the maintenance of the surrounding suburban district of Tsukuba Science City in Japan in terms of the development of research and industrial parks, the process of planning and practice of policy. The review for the regional policy of Tsukuba Science City consists of two parts: one is the establishment of the maintenance plan for the surrounding suburban district, and the other is the development of 6 research and industrial parks in terms of the planning and practice of regional policy. The former was focused on understanding for the backgrounds, purpose and contents of the policy, and reviewing for the industrial introduction in particular. The latter is focused on explaining for the development characteristics of 6 research and industrial parks in terms of actors, methods, land use and tenants. In conclusion, the regional development policy of Tsukuba Science City was evaluated in terms of its effects for urbanization and industrial development.

테크노파크의 물리적 계획방향에 관한 고찰 : 한·일 개발사례를 중심으로

차상룡,오덕성 대한건축학회 2000 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.20 No.1

효과적인 창업보육을 위한 테크노파크의 공간구조에 관한 연구 ( A Study for Space Structure of Technopark in terms of Venture Incubation )

차상룡,오덕성 대한건축학회 2002 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.18 No.5

한국·일본의 지방주도형 첨단과학기술단지 개발전략 비교연구

吳德成,車相龍 충남대학교 지역개발연구소 2000 地域開發論叢 Vol.12 No.-

This study aims to find out the fundamental ways of establishing the development strategies of technoparks initiated by local government. In particular, we attempt to suggest the critical strategic points which will be useful for practical development of technoparks through the analysis of case parks in Korea and Japna. This study consists of three stages: Firstly, After understanding the concept of technoparks which have been reviewed through related-theories and pro-studies the main components of development are classified as「planning concept」,「main activities and facilities」,「physical development model」,「major type of industry and support system for venture firms」. We suggested the analytic framework for case study based on above mentioned components and factors. Secondly, 6 cases in Korea and Japan(「Kumamoto Technopolis」,「Kanakawa Science Park」, 「Fukuoka Soft-research Park」,「Taegu Technopark」「Kyoungbuk Technopark」,「Chungnam Technopark」) have been analyzed according to the framework. As a result, we understood the specified features of technoparks development and the difference between the Korean technoparks and Jpapanese. Thirdly, we evaluated the development strategies of technoparks based on the research results of case studies in both countries. The critical success factors for developing the technoparks have been identified. As a result through those comprehensive research, we were able to propose the critical strategic points for establishing the successful development strategy of local technopark.

지역 기술지원하부구조로서의 테크노파크 사업방향과 대학의 역할

吳德成,車相龍 충남대학교 지역개발연구소 1999 地域開發論叢 Vol.11 No.-

한국 · 일본의 지방주도형 첨단과학기술단지 개발전략 비교연구

오덕성(Deog Seong Oh),차상룡(Sang Ryong Cha) 한국지역학회 2000 지역연구 Vol.16 No.2

This study aims to find out the fundamental ways of establishing the development strategies of technoparks initiated by local government. In particular, we attempt to suggest the critical strategic points which will be useful for practical development of technoparks through the analysis of case parks in Korea and Japan. This study consists of three stages: Firstly, After understanding the concept of technoparks which have been reviewed through relatedtheories and prostudies the main components of development are classified as 「planning concept」, 「main activities and facilities」, 「physical development model」, 「major type of industry and support system for venture firms」. We suggested the analytic framework for case study based on above mentioned components and factors. Secondly, 6 cases in Korea and Japan ( 「Kumamoto Technopolis」, 「Kanakawa Science Parks」, 「Fukuoka Softresearch Park」, 「Taegu Technopark」, 「Kyoungbuk Technopark」, 「Chungnam Technopark」 ) have been analyzed according to the framework. As a result, we understood the specified features of technoparks development and the difference between the Korean technoparks and Japanese. Thirdly, we evaluated the development strategies of technoparks based on the