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- 저자 : 安藤正士 (검색결과 1 건)
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安藤正士 단국대학교부설 중국연구소 1978 中國硏究 Vol.1 No.-
The purpose of this paper is to study how the Chinese Communist Party was generated and grew up in the course of the development of the Chinese Nationalistic Movement started vis-a-vis the Western powers' invasion of the continent of China following the Opium War. The Nationalistic Movement in modern China was basically characterized by its having grown up under the combined suppression of the foreign, that is, Western powers and the domestic ruling power of the Ching dynasty. The main task of the Chinese Nationalistic Movement within this basic frame was, therefore, who would build up the national independence, how it should be done, and what values should be aimed at in doing so. Seeing the historical changes in this perspective, we find that the Chinese Nationalistic Movement went through the Movement of Europeanizing and the Reform Movement, and with its basis on the critical consciousness gradually upsurging among Chinese people aimed consequently to turn down the Western powers' invasion and break down the pre-modern domestic ruling order. These basic aims are ideologically evidenced by the New Culture Movement developed in the course of political changes after the Revolution of 1911. In the ideological basis of the New Culture Movement was found its trust in and longing for Western powers in the sense that the movement, while essentially criticizing the various values of traditional Confucianism, tried to overcome a national crisis by accepting the Western democracy and scientific attitudes. The May Fourth Movement, however, marked the starting point for the Chinese Nationalistic Movement to turn its attention to the Russian Revolutionary Government, and through its intermediary the concern for Marxism augmented to bring about the confrontational controversy of ideologies in the nationalistic campaign. During this confrontation Marxist circles were formed in many places of China in 1920, the Communist Party was founded in 1921, and finally the continent of China was communized through the first and second leagues of Kuomintang and Communist. This result basically came from the fact that the Chinese intellectuals, though conscientious and patriotic, was relatively ignorant of the strategies and tactics of the so-called "United front" adbocated by the Chinese Communist Party.
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