녹색금파리의 性誘引에 關한 硏究

元炳徽,李海浜 최신의학사 1967 最新醫學 Vol.10 No.11

In test with an olfactometer, data were derived that demonstrate the presence in female fly, Lucilia illustris M. of a volatile chemical or chemicals that can influence the behaviour of male flies. As male flies seek for his partner for mating, a volatile chemical factor was responsible for male activity rather than sight or sound. The material. which is benzene-soluble and relatively statle, was shown to Le sex-related. The all data obtained in this study with Lucilia issustris M. show very similar to the results on housefly. Musca Domestics L.

落東江 下流에 渡來하는 철새들의 生態에 관한 硏究

元炳徽,崔洛善,李正一 세계평화교수협의회 1979 아카데미論叢 Vol.7 No.1

中國東北地方 및 韓國産齧齒類의 生態學的硏究 第一報

元炳徽 慶熙大學校 1958 論文集 Vol.1 No.-

This is a report on my studies of the rodents to be found in Manchuria and Korea where I made an ecological investigation of the animals since 1935. Of the 15 species of rodents I observed in the areas where pest is always prevailing, 4 typical ones are made public herewith and, as to the Korean Muridae Rodents, I have published 12 species including un-recorded one with their distribution. 1. DIPUS SAGITTA SOWERBYA THOMAS One of the characteristics of these species of rodents is the limit of their inhabitation only to the sandhills of the west Manchuria. They usually prefer slopes to the level land in building their nests. They feed on the weeds overgrown in the neighborhood of those areas and the seeds of water melons, musk melons, or on millet, kaoliang, carrots and spinaches. When a rodent of the species eats a seed of fruits, he supports his body with long and stretched hind legs and a tail and holds the seeds skilfully with his forelegs to peel them just as a kangaroo. In the district of Liaotung, Manchuria, we can easily catch 2 or 4 young rodents at a time in the latter part of August. These species of rodents are abundant in the half-desert district in inner Mongolia. Tonliyo, Moolimyo, Kailoo and Chunchton are the new habitat for these rodents. 2. ALLACTAGA SIBIRICA (FORSTER) All over the west Manchuria, the rodents of these species are fund abundantly but only in the grassland of Alkali. They live on the young leaves, seeds or roots of grass which are overfrown throughout the areas of Alkali. They also feed on oats and millet. Their breeding season is the month of May when they deliver 2-4 young ones at a time as a kangaroo. Their old habitats were Transbaikalia, the district of the Volga, Halintei Spting, Kentai Mountain, Choovong and Chengten while the new seem to be Janchuching, Wangfu, 37 Hoton, Doonghans and Jamootoo. 3. CITELLUS DAURICUS RAMOSUS THOMAS These species inhabit the half-desert areas in the west Manchuria. They can be found in a grassland, a cultivated land, or any places where the soil is as dry as in a graveyard. They chiefly feed on the young leaves or seeds of the plants which belong to Graminaceas, Cyperaceae Gramineae. They also live on kaoliang, millet and beans. They like to eat water melons and musk melons. The breeding season of the species is the period from the latter part of April to the middle of May with their delivery of 5-12 young ones at a time. Their hibernation begins at the average temperature of 12℃ in the autumn and ends at the same temperature in the spring next year. Their body temperature is 2-5℃ in a sund sleep. Susigazu, Lianggazu, Chanchuching, Lanzuzing, Woolookto, Zinchaningzu, Chamooto are considered their new habitats. 4. Throughout the west Manchuria, these species of rodents are abundant in the sandlands near sandhills or dikes near villages. These rodents are always of activities day and night while more active in the daylight. Such an activity of the rodents makes us to find them at any time anywhere. They never goes far from their own nest holes. While searching for food, they support their bodies with the stretched hind legs and never fail to look around with all alertness. In case of being found by an enemy, they run to the holes at once to hide themselves in them. For the purpose, they always prepare 2-8 holes which are connected with their nests. In addition to their being gregarious, their nature is so docile that we can breed them in our houses or use them as small animals for experiment. These rodents are multiparious with their delivery of 3-10 young ones at a time. They feed on the young leaves of grass, millet and oats to be found abundantly in the neighborhood of their habitats. As vegitables, they eat spinaches and carrots. These species of rodent are to be found in large numbers in the districts of Tonglyo, Chenchaten, Chunchatun, Kailu and Shifooi and they are widely distributed from Sooang-san in the north to Shifooi in the south.

韓國産 野生鳥類의 生態와 保護에 관한 硏究

元炳徽,李海浜 東國大學校 1967 論文集 Vol.3-4 No.-

1. This investigation on feeding habits and ecology of 15 Species birds, Himalayan Cuckoo(Cuculus saturatus horsfieldi), Korean Great-Tit(Parus major wladiwostokensis), Black-Raped Oriole (Oriolus chinensis diffusus), Manchuriar Jungle-Crow (Corvus levaillantii japonensis), Eastern Carrion-Crow (Corvus corone orientalis), Eastern Golden-Plover (Charadrius dominicus fulvus), Korean Buzzard (Buteo buteo burmanicus), Ussurian Tree-Sparrow (Passer montanus dybowskii), Feathered-Toed scops-Owl (Otus aiso semitorgues), Chinee scope-Owl (Otus scope jstictonoctonotus) Korean Wood-Owl (Strix aluco ma), Long-Eared-Owl (Asio otus otus), Short-eared owl (Asio flammeus lfammeus), Eastern grey hero (Ardea cinerea jouyi), Plumed egret (Egretta alba modesta), carried on from 1957 to 1967, Dec.. 2. With comparative investigation on their feeding habits and ecology, these birds was divided into three groups, Agricultural birds, 9 species, which concerned with agriculture and crops, Forestry birds, concerning with forest and Fishery birds, concerning with fishery. 3. Agricultural birds, 8 species almost consumed noxious insect, various rodents as foods which injourious to crops. Forestry birds 5 species consumed too almost noxious insects for food, and with this results, all these birds belong to beneficial birds. 4. These all birds have to be protected, and be studied to seek out more effective way to protect them.

韓國産 鼠類의 生態學的 硏究

元炳徽,李海浜 동국대학교 농림과학연구소 1969 農林科學 論文集 Vol.3 No.-

1. Since 1950. till November, 1969 Morphological, Ecological and distribution of Korean Rats 12 species was studied. 2. On the natural enemy of the rodents, mammals contain 7 speciesi Meles meles melanogeny (Korean Badger) Charronia flavigura Koreana (Korean yellow-necked marten) Sorex minutus gracillimus (little spider shrew), Sorex Caecutiens annexus (Korean spider shrew), Crocidura lasiura thomasi (Korean musk shrew), Mustela siberica Coreana (Korean-mink). Aues Contain 8 speaies : Bubo bubo kiautschcns (clark eagle-owl), Otus bakkamoena ussuriensis (Feathered-toed Scops owl), Asio otus otus (Long-eared owl), Asio flammeus (short eared owl), Strix aluco ma(Korean wood-owl) Buteo Buteo burmanicus (Korean Buzzard), Falco tinnuculus intertinctuc (Kestrel), Milvus migrans lineatus (black-eared Kite) and Reptilia Contains 4 species Natrix tigrina lateralis, Elaphe Schrenkii, Agkistrondon halys (Pallas), Ealphe dione Pallas, in Korea.

韓國産 모기의 生態學的 硏究 : 第二編 韓國産 Anpheles屬 모기의 生態學的 硏究

元炳徽,洪漢基 東國大學校 1968 論文集 Vol.5 No.-

Biological investigations were carried out in the western plain area of Okku-gun, Cholla-pukdo province in 1964, in the hilly area of Asan-gun, Chungchong-namdo province in 1965, and in mountinous area of Andong-gun in 1966, Chongsong-gun in 1967 and Yongju-gun, Kyonsang-Pukdo province in 1963 and 1968. 1. Anopheline mosquitoes found during the investigation period are as follows: 1) Anopheles sinensis Wiedemann. 1825 2) Anopheles yatsushiroensis Miyasaki. 1951 3) Anopheles sineroides Yamada. 1925 4) Anopheles koreicus Yamada & Watanabe. 1918 5) Anopheles lindesayi japonicus Yamada. 1918 1),2),3) among the five species of Anophline mosquitoes were distributed in all of the studied areas, however 4) and 5) were found in the mountinous area. 2. Population density and seasonal appearance of Anopheline mosquitoes. A. sinensis is the widely distributed and predominant species in the all investigated areas, and shows the higher density in the plain area than the mountinous area. This species is to be appeared from begining of march and to be disappeared in October, and shows the peak population density in July during the mosquito season. A. yatsushiroensis is a widely distributed common species, and to be appeared from May to October with two peaks in June and September. The population density of this species in mountinous area is higher than the plain area. A. sineroides is widely distributed species but rare. Seasonal appearance of this species was from May to October and higher population was shown in mountinous area. A. koreicus and A. lindesayi japonicus is the species to be appeared in mountinous area and colledted from May to October, however A. lindesayi japonicus is very rare and limited breeding species in the mountinous area. 3. Feeding habits of Anopheline mosquitoes In the early spring A. sinensis was collected in open air by daytime cowbiting collection under the low temperature and earlier day of catching was the third of March and latest day was the 14th of May. The total average number of A. sinensis collected by per day was 5.7 mosquitoes in Sangchapo village and 7.5 in Hachapo in 1966. The number of A. sinensis collected in the afternoon was higher than the morning and fair day was higher than cloudy. The feeding activity at night was continued throughout the night. The peak period of feeding activity through the noght had shown in different time in each month such as between 21.00-22.00 hours in June, 24.00-01.00 hours in July, 03.00-04.00 hours in August and 21.00-22.00 hours in September. The minimum temperature for feeding activity was 14℃ and optimum was between 24-25℃ in the field. Night time feeding activity of A. yatsushiroensis was throughout the night and shown two peak periods at two hours before and after from the sun-rise and the sun-set. The other species of sineriodes and loreicus were not shown the special peak period of feeding at night. A. sinensis shown the zoophilism, however in Okku area the human biting rate was the 16 times higher than Asan area, and a number of biting mosquito in out door were 1.3 times higher than indoor. The light attraction of A. sinensis is 2.5 times higher by one candle food. The human biting rate of A. yatsushiroensis was 13.4% higher than A. sinensis by experimental feeding test. 4. Resting habits of Anopheles mosquites Anopheline mosquitoes were collected in most of the places in house, but the main resting places were cow shed (82.1%) and pigsty(12.4%). Out of 7.125 Anopheline mosquitoes collected from the houses since from 1964 to 1967, and A. sinensis was 88.2% A. yatsushiroensis 1.4%, A. sineroides 3.5% and koreicus 6.9%. From the resting place collections in outdoor, A. sinensis and A. yatsushiroensis are 61.6% and 52.4% from parsley field, 9.1% and 24.0% from seed bed of rice field, and other 11% and 9% fromother resting places such as bean field, vegetable, potatoes and so on. In the Experimental trap but collection, the collected number of A. sinensis in exit window trap were 76.4% in July and 81.3% in August, and 95.7% in July and 97.1% in August for A. yatsushiroensis. 5. Out of 1349 female of A. sinensis released from DDT sprayed room(DDT 2g/㎡), 29% of A.sinensis were collected from exit window trap and 42% of A. sinensis were dead mosquitoes in the sprayed room. 24 hours survival test of A. sinensis which was collected from exit window trap showed the 74% mortality and 8% of total released mosquitoes was only alived. 6. Parous rate of A. sinensis in Asan area were 50.5% in June, 64.4% in July, 82.7% in August, 93.5% in September and the parous rate of A. yatsushiroensis were 71.9% in June, 74.3% in July, 87.9% in August. 7. Main breeding place of Anopheline mosquitoes were rice field, stream, pond and parsley field. 8. Malaria in fection of Anopheline mosquitoes Two A. sinensis were found to be positive for sporozoite from salivary gland dissection out of 4018 females in 1967 and one A. yatsushiroensis was found to be positive for oocyst from stomach dissection out of 89 females in 1966. In 1968 four species of Anopheline mosquites were tested for experimental infection of malaria (p. vivax), and one A. sinensis was infected for oocyst among eight females tested and three A. yatsushiroensis were infected for one oocyst and two sporozoite among nine tested females. Other species were not infected. 9. Filaria (B. malayi) infection of mosqitoes One female of A. yatsushiroensis was found to be infective of filarial larvae out of 89 dissected mosquitoes in 1966 and six females of A. sinensis were found to be positive out of 1380 dissected females in 1967. Experimental infection of microfilariae(B. malayi) to the Anopheline mosquitoes were carred out in 1968. Twelve females of A. sinensis were infected among thirty five tested females, ten females of A. yatsushirionsis were infected (62.5%) out of the sexteen, and nine of A. sineroides were infected (90%) among ten females.

韓國産 哺乳動物의 生態에 關한 硏究(Ⅱ)

元炳徽,李海浜 동국대학교 농림과학연구소 1971 農林科學 論文集 Vol.4 No.-

Taxonomical studies of Korean mammals have been reported by Several foreign zoologists (MORI, KISHIDA, THOMAS, KURODA). However no study has been made on the ecological investigation of Korean mammals yet. Previously Writers reported on the Order Artiodetyla in dongGuk Journal vol.6.7. This paper reports the results obtained from the study which was made ecological aspects of korean mammals Since 1950 dealing with II species of Insectivola as follow. Family ERINACEIDAE Genus erinaceus (1758) Rrinaceus europaeus amurensis SCHRENCK Erinaceus auropaeus koreensis MORI Family SORICIDAE Genus Sorex LINNAEUS (1758) Sorex minus gracillimus (THOMAS) Sorex caecutiens annexus THOMAS Genus Crocjdura WAGNER(1832) Crocidura russula quelpartis KURODA Crocidura russula sody KURODA Crocidura snaveolens shantungensis MILLER Crocidura utsuryoensis MOIR Crocidura lasiura lasiura DOBSON Crocidura lasiura yamashina JURODA Crocidura lasiura thomasi SOWERBY

針葉樹林의 昆蟲生態에 關한 硏究 : 잣나무, 전나무 樹冠部를 中心으로 The Crown fauna of Pinus Koraiensis and Abies holophylla

元炳徽,李海浜 동국대학교 농림과학연구소 1969 農林科學 論文集 Vol.3 No.-

Pine-nut trees(Pinus koraiensis-ten years old) and Fir-trees (Abies holophylla thirty years old) of the Kwangnung Forest Experiment Station, Kyungki-do, Korea were examined as the sample plots from about the end of May, through the early part of November, 1968. The pine-nut trees stand on a nearly ground level with a little slope, and the average height of the trees was 5.6m. The dominant species of the ground vegetation under the plantation such as Cyclosorus ocuminatus, Polygonatum falcatum, Arthroxon hispidus and Clematis fricotoma and fourty two species of other grasses and shrubs were found there. The fir-trees that stand on the hill with 15 degrees of slope 120m above the sea level were 14.5m on the average. And there were also thirty-three species of plants, including Liriope graminifolia, Boehmeria frutescens and Psendostellaria heterophylla as the dominant species of the ground vegetation under the plantation. Each ground vegetation of the plantation was observed to investigate the insect fauna ecologically that inhabit in the crown stratum of the trees. Several studies, such as this, have been already made on plant flora. And some new fact have been shown in the plant flora. the insects that inhabit in the crown stratum of the plantation were collected by spraying D. D. V. P. (Dimethely Dichloro Vinyl Phosphate), emulsion insecticide, used auto-sprayer. The collected arthropods were classified and analyzed to find the composition, density, and seasonal fluctuation. And the results were brought as follows. 1. In the pine-nut trees, the insects that belong to twelve Orders in which there were sixty families were found, beside the spiders, as follows; Order Hemiptera, Deptera, Collembola, Coleoptera, Psocoptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Orthoptera, Dermaptera, Tricoptera, Ephemeroptera and Neuroptera. And there were found insects that beloong to ten Orders in which there were fifty-eight famillies were found in there as follows; Collembola, Diptera, Hemiptera, Psocoptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Orthoptera, Dermaptera and Tricoptera. 2. The insects that belong to the Order Hemiptera, Diptera and collembola were largely found in the pine-nut trees, on the other hand in the fir-trees, the insects that beloong to Collembola, Diptera, Hemipter and Psocoptera in the Order were in large quantities found. 3. Family Aphididae in Order Hemiptera was dominated by 74.5% in the order, and Family Trypetide, Anthomyidae and Drasophilidae in Order Diptera was dominated by 71.3% in the order. In fir-trees Family Entomobryidae in Order Collembola was dominated by 92.2% in the Order, and Family Drasophilidae, Phoridae and Anthomyiidae of Order Diptera in order were dominated in the order. Family Aphididae of Order Orthoptera was dominated as in the case of the pine-nut trees by 99.7% in the Order. Family Psocidae of Order Psocoptera was dominated by 86.9% in the order. 4. In comparison of the insect fauna in two different sample plots, there was only a little difference in the domination. Family Aplididae of the order Hemiptera, family Drasophilidae of the Order Diptera were dominated in the each order, and in the pine-nut trees, Family Traypetidae, Family Phoridae in the fir-trees inhabited differently. And Family Smynthuridae of the Order Collembola in the pine-nut trees, dominated and in contrastly Family Entombryidae of the Order Collembola in the fir-trees dominated in the distribution. 5. On the pattern of seasonal fluctuation, all the Arthropods in the pine-nuts, showed high density considerably till the last part of June and then declined gradually by October, showing an increase again. In the fir-trees considerable high density of the Arthropods were shown gradually in the first part of July and then decline again; however, in the late parts of August a little increase was noted again and then suddenly declined till the middle of October. From the middle of October there were a little increase in the distribution. In this, on comparison of two sample plots, there was only a little undulation in the case of the fir-trees. 6. On the pattern of seasonal fluctuation, in the pine-nut trees the family Aphididae of the Order Hemiptera showed the most aboundant distribution in the middle of June and the late of October. The Family Trypetidae of the Order Diptera was found throughout the year without distinct undulation and Famly Anthomyiidae was found largely at the beginning of June, and in the later part of October. The Family Drasnphilidae was collected inlarge quantities atothe beginning of June and the middle of September. The Family Smynthuridae of the Order Collembola was found in large guantities in June and the beginning of July and in the middle of September a few of the springtails were found. In the fir-trees the Family Entomobryidae of the Order Collembola was found mostly at the beginning of July and the middle of August. The Family Drasophilidae was found mostly on and after the later part of August as the case in the pine-nut trees and Family Phoridae was collected throughout the year distinct undulation. The Family Anthomyiidae was collected mostly on and after the beginning of September. The Family Aphididae of the Order Hemiptera as in the case of the pine-nut trees showed the highest density at the beginning of July and the later part of October, and the Family Psocidae of the Psocoptera was collected mostly at the beginning of June and then declined.

韓國産 哺乳動物의 生態에 관한 硏究

元炳徽,李海浜 東國大學校 1969 論文集 Vol.6-7 No.-

韓國産「모기」Anopheles屬의 生態學的 硏究

元炳徽,洪漢基,李海浜 동국대학교 농림과학연구소 1967 農林科學 論文集 Vol.1 No.-

The routine entomological investigations were carried out in the area of kaejeong myon, okku-Gum, cholla-pukdo province, 1964 and sinchang-myon, a san gun, chungchong namdo province, 1965. These investigations had been paid attention the better understanding of the behavior of anopheline mosquitos with regarding to the polulation density, resting habit, breeding habti. The results obtained are as follows: 1. During the investigation, three species of anopheline mosquitos were recorded, such as anopheles sinensis Wiedmann 1985, Anopheles sineroides Yamada 1925 and Anophles yatsushiroensis Miyazaki 1965. Anopheles yatsushiroensis Miyazaki 1951, so far only recorded in Japan, was the first reconded species in Korea in 1964; the locality where it was found is kaejong myon, okku gun, cholla pukdo province. 2. Anopheles mosquitos begin to appear from the middle of April and to disappear in October. The collected date of mosquictos by resting place collection in cow shed are three weeks earler than night cow biting collection. 3. Resting places of anopheline mosquitos are mainly in shed and outdoors which has high humidity and shadow. 4. The population density of Anopheles sinensis collected in cow shed and by cow biting appeared a peak in late of june and early of july, and secondary small peak in late of august and early september. 5. The biting activity at night from dusk to dawn, sharply decreasing just before dawn. The peak period has shown in different time in each months such as 21;00-22;00 hours in june, 23:00-24:00 in august, and 23:00-24:00 in september. 6. The minimum temperature for mosquito biting activity is 15°6 and the optimum is between 24-25℃ the activity decreased. 7. Anopheles sinensis appeared to be zoophilic in Sinchang area 30 times anthrophophilic than former area. 8. The light attraction of anopheles sinensis is 2.5 times higher. 9. The parous rate of Anopheles sinensis is significantly low in middle June and early August. 10. The parous rate of Anopheles sienesis caught by cow biting collection appeared higher after midnight (24:00-03: oohours) with no relation to the peak period of biting activity.