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- 저자 : ( Wei Nee Cheng ) (검색결과 4 건)
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Bovine mastitis: risk factors, therapeutic strategies, and alternative treatments
Cheng Wei Nee,한성구 아세아·태평양축산학회 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.11
Bovine mastitis, an inflammation of the mammary gland, is the most common disease of dairy cattle causing economic losses due to reduced yield and poor quality of milk. The etiological agents include a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, and can be either contagious (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Mycoplasma spp.) or environmental (e.g., Escherichia coli, Enterococcus spp., coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, Streptococcus uberis). Improving sanitation such as enhanced milking hygiene, implementation of post-milking teat disinfection, maintenance of milking machines are general measures to prevent new cases of mastitis, but treatment of active mastitis infection is dependant mainly on antibiotics. However, the extensive use of antibiotics increased concerns about emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens and that led the dairy industries to reduce the use of antibiotics. Therefore, alternative therapies for prevention and treatment of bovine mastitis, particularly natural products from plants and animals, have been sought. This review provides an overview of bovine mastitis in the aspects of risk factors, control and treatments, and emerging therapeutic alternatives in the control of bovine mastitis.
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Bee Venom Decreases LPS-Induced Inflammatory Responses in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells
( Chang Hee Jeong ),( Wei Nee Cheng ),( Hyojin Bae ),( Kyung Woo Lee ),( Sang Mi Han ),( Michael C. Petriello ),( Hong Gu Lee ),( Han Geuk Seo ),( Sung Gu Han ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2017 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.27 No.10
The world dairy industry has long been challenged by bovine mastitis, an inflammatory disease, which causes economic loss due to decreased milk production and quality. Attempts have been made to prevent or treat this disease with multiple approaches, primarily through increased abuse of antibiotics, but effective natural solutions remain elusive. Bee venom (BV) contains a variety of peptides (e.g., melittin) and shows multiple bioactivities, including prevention of inflammation. Thus, in the current study, it was hypothesized that BV can reduce inflammation in bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T). To examine the hypothesis, cells were treated with LPS (1 μg/ml) to induce an inflammatory response and the antiinflammatory effects of BV (2.5 and 5 μg/ml) were investigated. The cellular mechanisms of BV against LPS-induced inflammation were also investigated. Results showed that BV can attenuate expression of an inflammatory protein, COX2, and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α. Activation of NF-κB, an inflammatory transcription factor, was significantly downregulated by BV in cells treated with LPS, through dephosphorylation of ERK1/2. Moreover, pretreatment of cells with BV attenuated LPS-induced production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (e.g., superoxide anion). These results support our hypothesis that BV can decrease LPS-induced inflammatory responses in bovine mammary epithelial cells through inhibition of oxidative stress, NF-κB, ERK1/2, and COX-2 signaling.
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Bae, Hyojin,Jeong, Chang Hee,Cheng, Wei Nee,Hong, Kwonho,Seo, Han Geuk,Han, Sung Gu Cambridge University Press 2017 The Journal of dairy research Vol.84 No.4
<P>Bovine mastitis, an inflammation of the udder, results in reduced milk production and poor milk quality. Mastitis is usually, but not always, a response to pathogen infection. High milk yield can produce oxidative stress in the mammary tissue. High milk yield is also known to be associated with bovine mastitis. Thus, in the current study, we hypothesised that oxidative stress increases inflammatory responses in bovine mammary cells. To examine the hypothesis, we produced cellular oxidative stress and investigated resulting inflammatory responses in bovine mammary alveolar cells (MAC-T). To produce oxidative stress, cells were treated with the reactive oxygen species (ROS; e.g., superoxide anion)-producing agent, menadione (MD; 0-10 µm; 6 h). To ensure the ROS-induced responses, cells were pretreated with an antioxidant NAC (0-10 mm; 1 h). Results showed that MD elevated intracellular ROS levels and protein expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), a biomarker of inflammation. Pretreatment of cells with NAC attenuated MD-induced COX-2 expression by scavenging intracellular ROS and enhancing intracellular glutathione levels. MD-induced COX-2 expression was mediated by activation of extracellular signal receptor-activated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), Akt, and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). NAC attenuated activation of these intracellular signalling molecules. Treatment of cells with pharmacological inhibitors for ERK1/2, Akt, and NF-κB confirmed the association of these signalling pathways in MD-induced COX-2 expression. These results support our hypothesis that oxidative stress, which is found in high-yielding dairy cows, can produce cellular inflammation in bovine mammary alveolar cells and prevention of oxidative stress can attenuate such pathological responses. This may be relevant for cases of clinical mastitis for which no pathogen can be isolated.</P>
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Moringa extract enhances the fermentative, textural, and bioactive properties of yogurt
Zhang, Ting,Jeong, Chang Hee,Cheng, Wei Nee,Bae, Hyojin,Seo, Han Geuk,Petriello, Michael C.,Han, Sung Gu Elsevier 2019 FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY -ZURICH- Vol.101 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Yogurt is a fermented dairy food produced by lactic acid bacteria (LAB). <I>Moringa oleifera</I> is known for its bioactive properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of moringa on the fermentation, quality characteristics, and bioactive properties of yogurt. Yogurt was supplemented with 0–0.2% moringa extract (ME; hot water extract, 100 °C, 30 min) and fermented using mixed starter cultures (<I>Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus acidophilus,</I> and <I>Bifidobacterium longum</I>). Addition of ME to yogurt significantly accelerated the rate of fermentation by promoting growth of LAB. ME reduced syneresis up to 21% and enhanced the water-holding capacity by 17%. The viscosity of 0.2% ME yogurt was approximately 5-fold higher than control yogurt and radical-scavenging activity of ME yogurt increased up to 40% in a dose-dependent manner during the 21 days of cold storage. Sensory testing showed that the addition of 0.05% ME to yogurt did not negatively influence the overall acceptability of the product, compared to the control. The addition of ME to yogurt decreased the oxidative stress and increased the expression of antioxidant proteins in human colon cells. Thus, ME-fermented yogurt maintains the sensory acceptability and exerts positive health benefits because of increased LAB proliferation and enhanced antioxidant properties.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Addition of moringa extract (ME) to yogurt accelerated fermentation rate. </LI> <LI> ME reduced syneresis and enhanced the water-holding capacity of yogurt. </LI> <LI> Viscosity and radical-scavenging activity increased in ME yogurt over 21 days. </LI> <LI> ME increased the expression of antioxidant proteins in human intestinal cells. </LI> <LI> ME yogurt maintains sensory acceptability and possesses antioxidant effects. </LI> </UL> </P>
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