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Juhari, Wan Khairunnisa Wan,Rahman, Wan Faiziah Wan Abdul,Sidek, Ahmad Shanwani Mohd,Hassan, Muhammad Radzi Abu,Noordin, Khairul Bariah Ahmad Amin,Zakaria, Andee Dzulkarnaen,Macrae, Finlay,Zilfalil, B Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.9
Background: Lynch syndrome (LS) is an inherited predisposition to colorectal, endometrial (uterine) and other cancers. Although most cancers are not inherited, about 5 percent (%) of people who have colorectal or endometrial cancer have the Lynch syndrome. It involves the alteration of mismatch repair (MMR) genes; MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 or PMS2. In this study, we analyzed the expression of MMR proteins in colorectal cancer in a Malay cohort by immunohistochemistry. Materials and Methods: A total of 17 patients were selected fulfilling one of the Bethesda criteria: colorectal cancer diagnosed in a patient aged less than 50 years old, having synchronous and metachronous colorectal cancer or with a strong family history. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on paraffin embedded tumour tissue samples using four antibodies: MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2. Results: Twelve out of 17 patients (70.6%) were noted to have a family history. A total of 41% (n=7) of the patients had abnormal immunohistochemical staining with one or more of the four antibodies. Loss of expression were noted in 13 tumour tissues with a negative staining score <4. Of 13 tumour tissues, four showed loss expression of MLH1. For PMS2, loss of expression were noted in five cases. Both MSH2 and MSH6 showed loss of expression in two tumour tissues respectively. Conclusions: Revised Bethesda criteria and immunohistochemical analysis constituted a convenient approach and is recommended to be a first-line screening for Lynch syndrome in Malay cohorts.
Salmiah Jamal Mat Rosid,Azman Azid,Aisyah Fathiah Ahmad,Nursyamimi Zulkurnain,Susilawati Toemen,Wan Azelee Wan Abu Bakar,Ahmad Zamani Ab Halim,Wan Nur Aini Wan Mokhtar,Sarina Mat Rosid 대한환경공학회 2023 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.28 No.1
Developed countries are increasing their demand for natural gas as it is an industrial requirement for fuel transportation. Most of modern society relies heavily on vehicles. However, the presence of CO₂ gas has led to the categorization of sour natural gas which reduces the quality and price of natural gas. Therefore, the catalytic methanation technique was applied to convert carbon dioxide (CO₂) to methane (CH₄) gas and reduce the emissions of CO₂ within the environment. In this study, samarium oxide supported on alumina doped with ruthenium and manganese was synthesized via wet impregnation. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed samarium oxide, Sm₂O₃ and manganese oxide, MnO₂ as an active species. The reduction temperature for active species was at a low reaction temperature, 268.2℃ with medium basicity site as in Temperature Programme Reduction (TPR) and Temperature Programme Desorption (TPD) analyses. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) analysis showed an agglomeration of particle size. The characterised potential catalyst of Ru/Mn/Sm (5:35:60)/Al₂O₃ (RMS 5:35:60) calcined at 1,000℃ revealed 100% conversion of CO₂ with 68.87% CH₄ formation at the reaction temperature of 400℃. These results were verified by artificial neural network (ANN) with validation R² of 0.99 indicating all modelling data are acceptable.
Anticholinesterase and Anti-inflammatory Constituents from Beilschmiedia pulverulenta Kosterm
Wan Mohd Nuzul Hakimi Wan Salleh,Farediah Ahmad,Khong Heng Yen,Razauden Mohamed Zulkifli 한국생약학회 2016 Natural Product Sciences Vol.22 No.4
Phytochemical investigation from the stem bark of Beilschmiedia pulverulenta resulted in the isolation of five lignans, (+)-yangambin (1), (+)-sesartemin (2), (+)-excelsin (3), (+)-sesamin (4), and (+)-syringaresinol (5), together with lupeol (6), lupenone (7), β-sitosterol (8), and β-sitostenone (9). Their structures were established by the analysis of their spectroscopic (1D and 2D NMR) and spectrometric (MS) data, as well as by comparison with those reported in the literature. The isolated lignans were tested for their anticholinesterase (AChE: acetylcholine esterase and BChE: butyryl cholineesterase) and anti-inflammatory (COX-2: cyclooxygenase-2 and LOX: lipoxygenase) activities. All the isolated lignans (1 - 5) exhibited significant inhibition activities in AChE/BChE and COX-2/LOX assays with IC50 values ranging from 168.8 - 504.2 μM and 21.0 - 59.4 μM, respectively.
Motion Analysis and Image Scaling of Human Faces in Embedded Face Reader using Single Board Computer
Ahmad Nasir Che Rosli,Ali Yeon Md Shakaff,R. Badlishah Ahmad,Mohamed Rizon,Wan Muhamad Azmi Mamat 대한전자공학회 2007 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2007 No.7
This paper describes the implementation of motion analysis and image scaling of human faces in embedded face reader for biometric identification system. This embedded face reader is based on single board computer (SBC) and utilizing GNU/Linux operating system (O/S) which allow us to manipulate the availability of open source resources such as libraries, kernels and drivers in developing and implementing this system. The face reader is design to operate in real-time mode, which requires the face identification and recognition software to identify the person face from the captured image. The preprocessing algorithms are used to perform initial processing that makes the primary data reduction and analysis task easier.
Illegal Immigrants and the Elections in Sabah, Malaysia
Wan Shawaluddin Wan Hassan,Ramli Dollah,Ahmad Mosfi Mahmood,김종업 위기관리 이론과 실천 2012 Crisisonomy Vol.8 No.3
이민자들은 문제는 가장 중요한 국가적인 과제 중의 하나가 되었고, 이것을 이해하기 위해서는 다수 종족들 간의 정치적·종교적인 경쟁을 이해하지 않고는 알 수가 없다. 말레이시아는 말레이계, 중국계, 그리고 인도계가 다수를 이루고 있고, 그 외에 여러 다양한 종족으로 구성된 다인종 국가이고, 식민지 시절부터 오랜 이민의 역사를 가지고 있다. 1969년 종족간의 유혈 충돌을 겪었고, 지금도 이민자 문제가 부각되고 있다. 특히 사바주(Sabah)의 경우, 필리핀 불법 이민자들로 인해 말레이시아-필리핀 간의 영토분쟁 조짐까지 보이는 곳이기도 하다. 사바주의 경우 다른 지역보다 더 이민자로 인한 갈등이 높은 지역이라고 할 수 있다. 이러한 이해를 바탕으로, 본 연구는 무슬림 말레이계(Muslim Bumiputera, MB)와 비무슬림 말레이계(Non-Muslim Bumiputera, NMB)간의 정치적·종교적 경쟁에 이민자들이 어떻게 개입하고 그 결과가 무엇인지를 찾는 것이 연구의 목적이다. 본 연구는 말레이시아 사바주(Sabah)주의 Tawau, Kunak, Lahad Datu and Sandakan 지역을 기초로 하여 2008년 총선을 중심으로 인터뷰와 관찰을 하였다. 2008년 말레이시아 총선에서 이민자들이 어떻게 선거에 참여하고 영향을 미쳤는지를 알아보았다. 인구 구성에 있어 이민자들이 다른 지역에 비해 많은 부분을 차지하는 말레이시아 사바주는 선거와 이민자들의 정치적 행태에 관한 연구에서 좋은 사례가 되고 있다. 사바주의 이민자들 특히, 불법 이민자들이 정치적 영향력뿐만 아니라 경제·사회적으로 그 영역을 넓히게 되면서 종족 간의 갈등 문제가 발생하고 있다. 불법이민자의 선거에의 참여가 종족간의 갈등을 넘어 말레이시아의 안보문제와도 연계가 되는 것은, 이민자가 빠르게 증가하고 있는 우리에게 좋은 시사점이 될 것이다.
Wan Mohd Nuzul Hakimi Wan Salleh,Farediah Ahmad,Khong Heng Yen 대한약학회 2015 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.38 No.4
The present study aimed to examine thechemical compositions of the essential oils of Beilschmiediamadang and their antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal,anticholinesterase and anti-tyrosinase activities. The majorconstituents of the essential oils of leaf and bark of B. madang were d-cadinene (17.0 and 20.5 %), b-caryophyllene(10.3 and 6.7 %), a-cubebene (11.3 and 15.6 %), anda-cadinol (5.8 and 10.6 %). The essential oils werescreened for their antioxidant activities using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, b-carotene/linoleic acidbleaching, and total phenolic content. The bark oil showedthe highest b-carotene/linoleic acid bleaching(90.3 % ± 0.2) and DPPH radical scavenging (IC50212.0 lg/mL), while the highest phenolic content wasexhibited by the leaf oil (94.5 % ± 0.3 mg GA/g). Theantibacterial and antifungal activities were investigated bythe disc diffusion and micro dilution method. The leaf andbark oils showed moderate activity towards Bacillus subtilisand Staphylococcus aureus with minimum inhibitoryconcentration (MIC) value 125 lg/mL. For antifungalassay, the bark oil showed strong activity towards Aspergillusniger and Aspergillus fumigatus with MIC value62.5 lg/mL. Anticholinesterase and anti-tyrosinase activitieswere evaluated against Ellman method and mushroomtyrosinase, respectively. The results showed that leaf oilgave significant percentage inhibition (I%: acetylcholinesterase55.2 %, butyrylcholinesterase 60.4 %, tyrosinase53.1 %).
Ahmad Sukari Halim,Wan Syazli Rodzaian Wan Ahmad Kamal,Norizal Mohd Noor,Shafie Abdullah 대한성형외과학회 2013 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.40 No.6
Background Ischemic preconditioning has been shown to improve the outcomes of hypoxic tolerance of the heart, brain, lung, liver, jejunum, skin, and muscle tissues. However, to date, no report of ischemic preconditioning on vascularized bone grafts has been published. Methods Sixteen rabbits were divided into four groups with ischemic times of 2, 6, 14, and 18 hours. Half of the rabbits in each group underwent ischemic preconditioning. The osteomyocutaneous flaps consisted of the tibia bone, from which the overlying muscle and skin were raised. The technique of ischemic preconditioning involved applying a vascular clamp to the pedicle for 3 cycles of 10 minutes each. The rabbits then underwent serial plain radiography and computed tomography imaging on the first, second, fourth, and sixth postoperative weeks. Following this, all of the rabbits were sacrificed and histological examinations were performed. Results The results showed that for clinical analysis of the skin flaps and bone grafts, the preconditioned groups showed better survivability. In the plain radiographs, except for two non-preconditioned rabbits with intraoperative ischemic times of 6 hours, all began to show early callus formation at the fourth week. The computed tomography findings showed more callus formation in the preconditioned groups for all of the ischemic times except for the 18-hour group. The histological findings correlated with the radiological findings. There was no statistical significance in the difference between the two groups. Conclusions In conclusion, ischemic preconditioning improved the survivability of skin flaps and increased callus formation during the healing process of vascularized bone grafts.
A short review on electrochemical exfoliation of graphene and graphene quantum dots
Wan Hazman Danial,Noriliya Aina Norhisham,Ahmad Fakhrurrazi Ahmad Noorden,Zaiton Abdul Majid,Kazunari Matsumura,Anwar Iqbal 한국탄소학회 2021 Carbon Letters Vol.31 No.3
The synthesis of graphene and graphene quantum dots (GQDs) employing various approaches with a range of precursors, chemicals, and parameters has been reported. Most of the top-down and bottom-up techniques employ strong and hazardous chemical environments, complicated and tedious procedures, are time-consuming, and often require special equipment. Another drawback of the techniques reported is the production of agglomerated, inhomogeneous, and non-dispersible graphene in aqueous solvents or organic solvents, thus limiting its application. This work specifically and comprehensively describes the electrochemical exfoliation of graphene and GQDs, which is often considered as a simple one-step, facile, non-hazardous, and highly efficient technique yet favourable for mass production. A brief discussion on the advantageous and challenges of the electrochemical technique and applications of the electrochemically exfoliated graphene and GQDs is also presented.