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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : ( Shizuka Nakamura ) (검색결과 2 건)
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( Shizuka Nakamura ) 범태평양응용언어학회 2011 범태평양응용언어학회지 Vol.15 No.1
English rhythm is related to contrast between the stressed and the unstressed in duration structure. In native English speech, in general, an intra-speaker average duration of stressed syllable is longer than that of syllable as a whole. On the contrary, that of unstressed syllable is shorter than that of syllable as a whole. In the previous paper by the present author, it was reported that stressed syllable durations of speech of learners tend not to be lengthened enough, and an unstressed ones tend not to be shortened enough as compared with that of native speakers (Nakamura, 2010). For these reason, learner speech does not have such a high ratio of intra-speaker average durations of stressed to unstressed syllables as native speech. Since this lower ratio affected subjective evaluation, a correlation coefficient between the ratios and subjective evaluation scores given by English language teachers was observed to be 0.48. In this paper, an indicator, which demonstrates more adequately a duration contrast between the stressed and the unstressed, was investigated, for the purpose of increasing the correlation with subjective evaluation. A rhythm unit was defined here as a stressed syllable connected to the preceding and succeeding unstressed syllables. Then, a value based on a ratio of stressed to unstressed syllable durations in the rhythm unit was treated as an indicator to represent learner characteristics. As a result, a correlation coefficient of the indicators with subjective evaluation scores was increased to 0.65. A substantial part of mechanism in subjective evaluation of rhythm in English speech was revealed and became possible to simulate reasonably by objective evaluation.
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( Shizuka Nakamura ) 범태평양응용언어학회 2010 범태평양응용언어학회지 Vol.14 No.1
To improve more effectively the learners`` proficiency to control contrast of the stressed to the unstressed in English teaching, it is necessary to analyze how the acoustical characteristics of learners`` speech are related to the perceptual evaluation by teachers. This paper analyzes A) learner characteristics of durations measured in speech units related to stress, which are stressed and unstressed syllables, and strong and weak vowels, and B) the relationship between the duration characteristics and subjective evaluation of English rhythm control proficiency. As a result of analyses, the following were revealed. Duration characteristics of learner speech were as follows: 1) Lengthened duration of speech units and inserted pauses make learners`` sentence duration longer compared to that of native speakers. 2) Learner speech does not provide sufficient contrast between the stressed and the unstressed as native speech does, because it is difficult for learners to shorten the durations of unstressed syllables and weak vowels. The relationship between the duration characteristics and subjective evaluation were as follows: 1) Duration of the syllable, especially the unstressed syllable, and that of the vowel, especially the weak vowel, have a stronger correlation with subjective evaluation score. 2) Shorter duration of the weak vowel rather than that of the unstressed syllable tend to be evaluated as more native-like speech, that is, shortening the duration of the weak vowel strongly affects subjective evaluation.
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