평지와 오르막경사의 트레드밀 걷기와 달리기 동안 발보장구가 발바닥근막염과 관련된 발아치 스트레인에 미치는 영향

김승재,Stefanyshyn, Darren,김로빈 한국운동역학회 2005 한국운동역학회지 Vol.15 No.1

S. J. KIM, D. Stefanyshyn, R. B. KIM. Effects of Foot Orthotics on the Foot Arch Strain related to PIantar Fasciitis During Treadmill Level and Uphill Walking and Running. Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics, Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 155-176, 2005. There is some evidence that one of major factors to produce plantar fasciitis depends on the magnitude of the foot arch strain. The orthotics that can reduce the foot arch strain during locomotion may be effective to prevent or treat plantar fasciitis. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of control condition and three types of foot orthotics on 3-dimensional foot arch strain that can produce plantar fasciitis during treadmill level and uphill walking and running. Sixteen male subjects are recruited and the arch length and height strain according to three types of foot orthotics with respect to control condition were measured by using two digital video cameras. The first hypothesis which the comfort of foot orthotics would be increased from arch pad, half length orthotics to full length orthotics was mostly accepted. It suggested that the types of the foot orthotics could be properly prescribed according foot regions that is pain or abnormal. The second hypothesis which the foot arch strain can be reduced by foot orthotics during level heel-toe walking and running and the third hypothesis which the foot arch strain can be reduced by foot orthotics during uphill heel-toe walking and running were rejected. The foot arch length and height strain during walking and running showed small and subject-specific characteristics and could not be optimal biomechanical variable to prove the overall comfort. The forth hypothesis which the foot arch strain cannot be reduced by foot orthotics during uphill toe walking and running was accepted. With the foot arch length and height strain during uphill toe walking and running the windlass mechanism suggested by Hicks can be explained successfully and excessive uphill toe walking and running can be one of cause of plantar fasciitis. The dynamic investigation on the foot arch such as walking and running should be carefully observed with integrated insights considering ligaments and foot bones as well as plantar fascia, extrinsic muscles and tendons, and intrinsic muscles and tendons.

태권도 차기기술의 관절과 분절 운동의 운동학적 정의

김승재,김로빈,신제민 한국운동역학회 1998 한국운동역학회지 Vol.8 No.2

The studies on Taekwondo kicking techniques have not been practical to apply to the teaching or coaching fields because they merely focused on the kicking leg and didn't define sufficiently overall motion patterns. The main reason for this is that there has been no useful method to describe complex Taekwondo kicking techniques such as Cardan angle which is effective to represent joint motion due to the production of three independent rotations about three independent axis. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to kinematically define the joint and segment motion by using Cardan angle during Dolgae-chagi(360 ˚ turning kick), Dwi-huryeochagi(backward thrashing kick) , and Dwi-chagi(back kick) in order to provide practical information for the Taekwondo teaching field. Six male elite Taekwondo players with the height of 177±5.6 cm and the weight 72.2±7.6 Kg were filmed using three-dimensional cinematography during Dolgae-chagi, Dwi-huryeochagi and Dwi-chagi. The joint and segment motion of the three Teakwondo kicking techniques was represented with Cardan angle calculated by the normal vector analysis. With Cardan angle the joint and segment motions of the three Taekwondo kicking techniques are defined as the following table.

홉핑동작과 달리기동작의 운동역학적 비교 분석 : Elementary School's Children

김승재,최지영,김로빈 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.6

The purpose of this study was firstly to investigate to investigate the biomechanical differences of motor developmental process by examining the movement of body segment and joint and the the pattern of ground reaction force and joint moment according to age during standing long jump in elementary school's children and secondly to provide fundamental data for scientific teaching method in physical education subject of teaching field. The subjects were divided into both grade 2 group and grade 6 group. which were consisted of 6 subject respectively. A digital video camera for kinematic data and a force plate for kinetics data were used during standing long jump. For the movement analysis two dimensional cinematographical method(Arial Performance Analysis System : APAS) was used and for the calculation of the kinematic variables a self developed program was used with the LabVIEW 6.1 (Laboratory Virtural Instrument Engineering Workbench) graphical programming (Johnson, 1999) program. independent samples t-test in SPSS package was used to test the biomechanical difference between two variables. The kinematics and kinetics results of this study were as follows. 1. while jumping distance, the horizontal displacement showed significant different between grade 2 group and grade 6 group, 2. Three were no significant difference between grade 2 group and grade 6 group each joint angular displacement however the hip joint and ankle joint showed more extended in grade 6 group. 3. In angular velocity the thigh segment, shank segment and foot segment velocity did not show significant differences. but foot segment angular velocity increased from minimum knee angle to take-off 4. The ground reaction force did not show significant difference between grade 2 group and grade 6 group, but the maximum peak value of the ground reaction force was smaller than 2 grade group. 5. Three were significant difference in hip and knee joint momentum between grade 2 group and grade 6 group.

보행시 보폭에 따른 지면반력의 변화

김로빈,김승재 한국운동역학회 2001 한국운동역학회지 Vol.10 No.2

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of step length on the ground reaction force. The subjects were 10 undergraduate and graduate students in their 20s with normal legs. The subjects were individually tested by the running timer at the walking speed of 1.34㎧. The step length was regulated to -10% of normal, normal and +10% of normal step length using foot print. The ground reaction force of each subjects were measured by 600㎐ sampling frequency. The raw data were analyzed by LabVIEW Graphical Program and these data were analyzed by ANOVAs and Scheffe'. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The vertical ground reaction force at the point of Fz1 increased as the step length increased but decreased at the point of Fz2. 2. The antero-posterior component of ground reaction force increased at the point of Fy1 and Fy3 as the step length increased. 3. The related time of the vertical ground reaction force appeared quickly at Tz1 as the step length increased. 4. The related time of the antero-posterior component of the ground reaction force did not show significant difference. But there was a pattern found indicating the related time to Ty3 quickened as the step length increased.

다중방향성 운동시 피로가 운동역학적 요인에 미치는 영향 Ⅱ

김로빈 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.2

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the fatigue level on the kinetic variables when cutting maneuvering. The subjects were 5 graduate students with normal legs. The subjects were individually tested cutting maneuvering 30 degrees to the right in two different fatigue levels; fatigue condition and normal condition. Each subject was repeatedly measured. The raw data were analyzed by LabVIEW Graphical Program and these data were analyzed by paired samples t-test. The results of this study were as follows: 1. There was significant difference between the two fatigue conditions in that the fatigue group showed higher measures in vertical impact force peak and the vertical active force peak(p<.05). 2. There was significant difference between the two fatigue conditions in that the fatigue group showed higher measures in the breaking force peak (p<.05). 3. There was significant difference between the two fatigue conditions in that the fatigue group showed higher loading rate(p<.05). 4. There was significant difference between the two fatigue conditions in that the fatigue group showed higher total impulse(p<.05).

다중방향성 운동시 피로가 운동역학적 요인에 미치는 영향Ⅰ

김로빈 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.20 No.1

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the fatigue level on the kinetic variables when cutting maneuvering. The subjects were 5 graduate students with normal legs. The subjects were individually tested cutting maneuvering 30 degrees to the left in two different fatigue levels; fatigue condition and normal condition. Each subject was repeatedly measured. The raw data were analyzed by Lab VIEW Graphical Program and these data were analyzed by paired samples t-test. The results of this study were as follows: 1. There was significant difference between the two fatigue conditions in that the fatigue group showed higher measures in vertical impact force peak and the vertical active force peak(p<.05). 2. There was significant difference between the two fatigue conditions in that the fatigue group showed higher measures in the breaking force peak and the propelling force peak(p<.05). 3. There was significant difference between the two fatigue conditions in that the fatigue group showed higher loading rate(p<.05). 4. There was significant difference between the two fatigue conditions in that the fatigue group showed higher total impulse(p<.05).

달리기동안 피로가 운동역학적 요인에 미치는 영향

김로빈 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.20 No.1

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the fatigue level on the kinetic variables when running. The subjects were 5 graduate students with normal legs. The subjects were individually tested running in two different levels of fatigue; fatigue condition and normal condition. Each subject was repeatedly measured. The raw data were analyzed by LabVIEW Graphical Program and these data were analyzed by paired samples t-test. The results of this study were as follows: 1. There was significant difference between the two fatigue conditions in that the fatigue group showed higher measures in vertical impact force peak and the vertical active force peak. And the vertical active force peak timing of the fatigue group appeared later than the normal group(p<.05). 2. There was significant difference between the two fatigue conditions in that the fatigue group showed higher measures in the breaking force peak and the propelling force peak. The transition force timing appeared earlier in the fatigue group(p<.05). 3. There was no significant difference between the contact time. However the fatigue group showed shorter contact time than the normal group. 4. There was significant difference between the two fatigue conditions in that the fatigue group showed higher loading rate(p<.05). 5. There was significant difference between the two fatigue conditions in that the fatigue group showed higher total impulse(p<.05).

달리기 동호인들의 상해예방을 위한 맞춤형 발 보장구의 평가연구

김로빈 한국운동역학회 2006 한국운동역학회지 Vol.16 No.1

기술수준에 따른 태권도 돌려차기 기술의 협응과 제어형태 비교

신제민,김로빈 한국운동역학회 1999 한국운동역학회지 Vol.9 No.1

The early studies of kicking skills in Taekwondo were simple two dimensional kinematic skills. But the later studies focused on three dimensional kinetic skills. These studies have acquired a lot of data concerned with kicking skills. These studies tended to investigate patterns of movement with comparison of between-skill or in-skill. The studies of movement patterns could systematically explain in motor controls which was focused on a mechanism of a skilled motor behavior. This study analyzed a pattern of Doelyochagi movement by 3D cinematograph and approached the movement as function of skill level in the view of motor control. The researcher selected six novices and six experts, and analyzed the change of coordination and control patterns with kinematic data. While the coordination variables were qualitatively analyzed by angle to angle graphs, control variables were qualitatively analyzed by angles. And the control variables were divided into the spatial and temporal factors which were consisted of the positive and negative maximal values, and timing the positive and negative maximal values. The researcher used t-test in order to find significant differences between two groups among the control variables. As the results of analyzing the coordination variables, the angle to angle graphs of expert group showed clearly to be froze between two joints in the flexion/extension and abduction/adduction, and showed to be released in the internal/external rotation during the third phase. Angles as control variables revealed significant differences in the flexion/extension while there no differences in the other two planes in the hip joint. But all of planes on the knee joint showed significant differences between two groups. As indicated by analyses of angles, the segments of experts tended to be frozen in the flexion/extension and abduction/adduction, and to be released in the internal/external rotation during the third phase.

야구 투구 시 볼 속도 증가에 따른 하지와 몸통 분절의 운동학적 관계

조영재,김로빈,이영민 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.4

Consistent maximum ball velocity is an important factor for more successful pitching, While The focus of studies have analyzed pitching mechanics on upper limbs, little investigation has been given to the motion of trunk and lower limbs. The purpose of this study was to present difference of lower limb and trunk kinematic variable according to plane when pitched ball velocity increase in the same subject in two pitched bell velocity such as 110km/h, 120km/h. The subjects of this study were the nine right-handed pitcher who belonged to professional, university and high school, 3D cinematograph which pictured subjects was analyzed by LabVIEW 6i(Johnson, GW., 2000) and SPSS 10.0 to compare three kinematic variables by plane. The results can be summarized as follows: In temporal variable, Maximum [Bad knee flexion and extension occurred later according to ball velocity increased, Trunk tilting angle(p=.047), lead knee angle(p=.034) had statistically significant difference in the time when Lead foot contact and ball release, When instance of shoulder's maximal external rotation, kinematic variables had statistically significant difference in trunk tilting angle, knee angle and pelvis rotation angle(p=.042).