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      • Effect of Internal Structure of Pressure-Swirl Nozzle on Atomization Characteristics

        ( Rakhul Chandrahasan ),( Seungwha Ryu ),( Young Choi ),( Chulju Ahn ),( Jeekeun Lee ) 한국액체미립화학회 2018 한국액체미립화학회 학술강연회 논문집 Vol.2018 No.-

        The spray characteristics of four different pressure-swirl type duplex nozzles were experimentally investigated. Duplex type nozzle consists of two nozzles, named as pilot and main nozzle where pilot nozzle is fixed inside the main one. Spray characteristics are experimentally analyzed by using Phase Doppler Anemometer (PDA) and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) at different operating conditions. PDA is used for droplet size and velocity measurement and PIV is used for spray visualization with Jet A-1 fuel as testing fuel. Two of the nozzles are used to investigate the effect of shape of pilot nozzle tip, one is flat and another one is cone shape and other the other two nozzles are used to compare the effect of tangential vane direction on the atomization characteristics of the main-pilot nozzle configuration where swirl vanes of one nozzle is clockwise and another one is counter clockwise direction. Discharge coefficient, SMD distribution, velocity distribution and spray visualization are studied. For the current nozzle, flow rate of main nozzle was two times higher than pilot nozzle and it was found that for the pilot and main nozzles, injection pressure does not have a significantly affect the discharge coefficient. The experimental results indicate that the cone shaped pilot nozzle tip has better atomization than flat type pilot nozzle tip. Moreover, cone shaped pilot nozzle has wider spray angle than flat type nozzle. Clockwise swirl main nozzle provides smaller droplets and wider spray cone angle than clockwise swirl vane. It was also found that the when the counter swirl main nozzle is applied along with the pilot nozzle a wider spray angle and smaller droplets are expected in compare to that of the co-swirl nozzle. For main nozzle, liquid injection pressure had minor effects on the SMD distribution.

      • EFFECT OF SWIRL CHAMBER LENGTH ON DROPLET SIZE DISTRIBUTION IN A PRESSURE SWIRL ATOMIZER

        ( Reza Alidoost Dafsari ),( Rakhul Chandrahasan ),( Jeekeun Lee ) 한국액체미립화학회 2017 한국액체미립화학회 학술강연회 논문집 Vol.2017 No.-

        An experimental study on a specially designed pressure swirl nozzle is conducted to investigate the effects of swirl chamber length and relative Length/Diameter ratio of swirl chamber on spray characteristics. The unique nozzle investigated is capable of providing a range of swirl chamber length ([1.137, 4.89] mm) while maintaining other dimensions constant. Spray characteristics such as spray angle, droplet diameter and distribution, relative span factor as well as velocity components were measured to gain a better understanding of performance of the atomizer governed by swirl chamber length/diameter effect. Measurements of droplet size and velocity components were done by using a 2D Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer (PDPA) device. Also spray cone angle was calculated by image processing on pictures captured by a set of Nd:YAG laser and high Speed Camera. Spatial volume distribution was derived from 2D patternator and number density from PDPA result. Analyzing the experimental results determined that swirl chamber length and relative length/diameter ratio has significant effects on atomizer performance. The transition regime from hollow-cone to solid-cone type caused by swirl chamber effect is compared and studied. The spray pattern for the shortest chamber was observed as hollow-cone type where generated spray gradually reshaped to solid-cone type with increasing the swirl chamber length. Effective length of swirl chamber in this nozzle was found to be in range of [1.137, 2.38] mm where all the dramatic changes occur.

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