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( Nozaki Kentaro ) 한국하천호수학회 2004 생태와 환경 Vol.37 No.4
The development of a benthic filamentous green algal community formed by Spirogyra sp. in early summer has been observed in the littoral zones in the north basin of Lake Biwa since the 1980s. The development of a Spirogyra sp. community may have an effect on the increase in the biomass of the benthic algal community in early summer and on the alterations in seasonal fluctuation patterns of the biomass. In this mini-review, the causes underlying the development of the Spirogyra sp. community are discussed on the basis of studies in the seasonal fluctuations of benthic algal communities in littoral stony zones carried out in 1963-1964, 1995-1996 and 2000-2001, especially those focusing on the nutrient concentration (NO₃^(-1)-N). NO₃^(-1)-N concentrations in June were higher than 100 ㎍ L^(-1) in 1995 and 2000 in contrast to a concentration in June 1964 of only 20 ㎍ L^(-1). These results show that NO₃^(-1)-N concentrations throughout in 1963^(-1)964 period were considerably lower than those in 1995-1996 and 2000-2001, suggesting that the NO₃^(-1)-N concentration may have served as a limiting factor on Spirogyra sp. growth in 1963. NO₃^(-1)-N concentrations in the pelagic zone in the north basin of Lake Biwa have clearly increased from the 1950s under the impact of economic growth and the increasing population in the watershed. The development of the Spirogyra sp. community seems to be the result of a heady increase in the nutrient supply from human activities.