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( Mervat Morsy Abbas Ahmed El-gendy ),( Naziha M. Hassanein ),( Hussein Abd El-hay Ibrahim ),( Doaa H. Abd El-baky ) 한국균학회 2017 Mycobiology Vol.45 No.2
The ability of dead cells of endophytic Drechslera hawaiiensis of Morus alba L. grown in heavy metals habitats for bioremoval of cadmium (Cd<sup>2+</sup>), copper (Cu<sup>2+</sup>), and lead (Pb<sup>2+</sup>) in aqueous solution was evaluated under different conditions. Whereas the highest extent of Cd<sup>2+</sup> and Cu<sup>2+</sup> removal and uptake occurred at pH 8 as well as Pb<sup>2+</sup> occurred at neutral pH (6-7) after equilibrium time 10 min. Initial concentration 30 mg/L of Cd<sup>+2</sup> for 10 min contact time and 50 to 90 mg/L of Pb<sup>2+</sup> and Cu<sup>2+</sup> supported the highest biosorption after optimal contact time of 30 min achieved with biomass dose equal to 5 mg of dried died biomass of D. hawaiiensis. The maximum removal of Cd<sup>2+</sup>, Cu<sup>2+</sup>, and Pb<sup>2</sup> equal to 100%, 100%, and 99.6% with uptake capacity estimated to be 0.28, 2.33, and 9.63 mg/g from real industrial wastewater, respectively were achieved within 3 hr contact time at pH 7.0, 7.0, and 6.0, respectively by using the dead biomass of D. hawaiiensis compared to 94.7%, 98%, and 99.26% removal with uptake equal to 0.264, 2.3, and 9.58 mg/g of Cd<sup>2+</sup>, Cu<sup>2+</sup>, and Pb<sup>2+</sup>, respectively with the living cells of the strain under the same conditions. The biosorbent was analyzed by Fourier Transformer Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis to identify the various functional groups contributing in the sorption process. From FT-IR spectra analysis, hydroxyl and amides were the major functional groups contributed in biosorption process. It was concluded that endophytic D. hawaiiensis biomass can be used potentially as biosorbent for removing Cd<sup>2+</sup>, Cu<sup>2+</sup>, and Pb<sup>2+</sup> in aqueous solutions.
( Mervat Morsy Abbas Ahmed El-gendy ),( Hind A. A. Al-zahrani ),( Ahmed Mohamed Ahmed El-bondkly ) 한국균학회 2016 Mycobiology Vol.44 No.3
In the screening of marine mangrove derived fungi for lovastatin productivity, endophytic Aspergillus luchuensis MERV10 exhibited the highest lovastatin productivity (9.5 mg/gds) in solid state fermentation (SSF) using rice bran. Aspergillus luchuensis MERV10 was used as the parental strain in which to induce genetic variabilities after application of different mixtures as well as doses of mutagens followed by three successive rounds of genome shuffling. Four potent mutants, UN6, UN28, NE11, and NE23, with lovastatin productivity equal to 2.0-, 2.11-, 1.95-, and 2.11-fold higher than the parental strain, respectively, were applied for three rounds of genome shuffling as the initial mutants. Four hereditarily stable recombinants (F3/3, F3/7, F3/9, and F3/13) were obtained with lovastatin productivity equal to 50.8, 57.0, 49.7, and 51.0 mg/gds, respectively. Recombinant strain F3/7 yielded 57.0 mg/gds of lovastatin, which is 6-fold and 2.85-fold higher, respectively, than the initial parental strain and the highest mutants UN28 and NE23. It was therefore selected for the optimization of lovastatin production through improvement of SSF parameters. Lovastatin productivity was increased 32-fold through strain improvement methods, including mutations and three successive rounds of genome shuffling followed by optimizing SSF factors.