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Computer-aided tumor diagnosis using shear wave breast elastography
Moon, W.K.,Huang, Y.S.,Lee, Y.W.,Chang, S.C.,Lo, C.M.,Yang, M.C.,Bae, M.S.,Lee, S.H.,Chang, J.M.,Huang, C.S.,Lin, Y.T.,Chang, R.F. Butterworth Scientific Ltd., etc.] 2017 Ultrasonics Vol.78 No.-
<P>The shear wave elastography (SWE) uses the acoustic radiation force to measure the stiffness of tissues and is less operator dependent in data acquisition compared to strain elastography. However, the reproducibility of the result is still interpreter dependent. The purpose of this study is to develop a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) method to differentiate benign from malignant breast tumors using SWE images. After applying the level set method to automatically segment the tumor contour and hue-saturation value color transformation, SWE features including average tissue elasticity, sectional stiffness ratio, and normalized minimum distance for grouped stiffer pixels are calculated. Finally, the performance of CAD based on SWE features are compared with those based on B-mode ultrasound (morphologic and textural) features, and a combination of both feature sets to differentiate benign from malignant tumors. In this study, we use 109 biopsy-proved breast tumors composed of 57 benign and 52 malignant cases. The experimental results show that the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and the area under the receiver operating characteristic ROC curve (Az value) of CAD are 86.5%, 93.0%, 89.9%, and 0.905 for SWE features whereas they are 86.5%, 80.7%, 83.5% and 0.893 for B-mode features and 90.4%, 94.7%, 92.3% and 0.961 for the combined features. The Az value of combined feature set is significantly higher compared to the B-mode and SWE feature sets (p = 0.0296 and p = 0.0204, respectively). Our results suggest that the CAD based on SWE features has the potential to improve the performance of classifying breast tumors with US. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>
Moreira, MarianaA.,Santos, Joã,o C.,Ferreira, Alexandre F. P.,Loureiro, José,M.,Ragon, Florence,Horcajada, Patricia,Shim, Kyu-E.,Hwang, Young-K.,Lee, U.-Hwang,Chang, Jong-S.,Serre, Christi American ChemicalSociety 2012 Langmuir Vol.28 No.13
<P>Powder, agglomerates, and tablets of the microporous zirconium(IV)terephthalate metal–organic framework UiO-66 were evaluatedfor the selective adsorption and separation of xylene isomers in theliquid phase using <I>n</I>-heptane as the eluent. Pulseexperiments, performed at 313 K in the presence of <I>n</I>-heptane, revealed the <I>o</I>-xylene preference of thismaterial, which was further confirmed by binary and multicomponentbreakthrough experiments in the presence of <I>m</I>- and <I>p</I>-xylene, resulting in selectivities at 313 K of 1.8 and2.4 with regards to <I>m</I>-xylene and <I>p</I>-xylene, respectively. Additionally, because <I>p</I>-xyleneis the less retained isomer, UiO-66 presents a selectivity patternthat is reverse of that of the xylenes' molecular dimension with respectto shape selectivity. The shaping of the material as tablets did notsignificantly change its selectivity toward the <I>o</I>-xylene isomer or toward <I>p</I>-xylene, which was theless retained isomer, despite a loss in capacity. Finally, the selectivitybehavior of UiO-66 in the liquid <I>n</I>-heptane phasemakes it a suitable material for <I>o</I>-xylene separationin the extract (heavy product) or <I>p</I>-xylene separationin the raffinate (light product) by simulated moving bed technology.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/langd5/2012/langd5.2012.28.issue-13/la3004118/production/images/medium/la-2012-004118_0011.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/la3004118'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Tsai, H.L.,Chang, Sam K.C.,Lin, Y.F.,Chang, S.J. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2008 Animal Bioscience Vol.21 No.2
Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the laying stage which is a critical period for chick survival. We investigated the relationship of neonatal chick performance, brain antioxidant status and vitamin E supplementation level in hens. Starting at 17 weeks, hens were randomly divided into five groups. The control group received a basal diet without supplemental vitamin E (VE, dl-${\alpha}$-tocopherol acetate). Other groups received the same basal diet supplemented with vitamin E (40, 80, 120 and 160 mg/kg) through growth to egg production. Hens were artificially inseminated at 28 weeks of age and egg yolks were collected at day two. All remaining eggs were hatched. Yolk vitamin E content, hatchability and fertility of eggs were evaluated. Brains of the newly hatched chicks were further evaluated for their oxidative stress status, antioxidative status and vitamin E levels. Increased reproductive performance was observed in fertility and hatchability in the group supplemented at 40 mg/kg. Egg yolk and neonatal brain ${\alpha}$-tocopherol was highest in eggs from hens fed 120 mg/kg and 80 mg/kg supplemental vitamin E, respectively. Brain MDA, ROS and iron levels were significantly higher in unsupplemented hens (p<0.01). SOD activity was significantly higher in the group supplemented at 160 mg/kg than in all other groups. We concluded that maternal supplementation of vitamin E had beneficial effects on fertility, hatchability of eggs, neonatal brain oxidative status and SOD activity.
Ajayi, F.F.,Kim, K.Y.,Chae, K.J.,Choi, M.J.,Kim, S.Y.,Chang, I.S.,Kim, I.S. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2009 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.34 No.23
Hydrogen production with light as an additional energy source in a microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) is described. A ruthenium-dye (N719) sensitized solar cell with an open circuit potential (V<SUB>oc</SUB>) of 602 mV was connected to the MEC. Hydrogen production was carried out by irradiating the DSSC connected across the MEC with a light intensity of 40 mW/cm<SUP>2</SUP> and also with natural sunlight. The DSSC was stable during various batch experiments. The acetate conversion efficiency and the coulombic efficiency based on the average of first two batches were 30.5 +/- 2.5% and 40 +/- 2% respectively. The cathodic recovery efficiency ranged from 72% to 86% during repeated batch experiments with an average of 78 +/- 2.5%.
Moments of the neutron<sub>g2</sub>structure function at intermediate<sup>Q2</sup>
Solvignon, P.,Liyanage, N.,Chen, J.-P.,Choi, Seonho,Slifer, K.,Aniol, K.,Averett, T.,Boeglin, W.,Camsonne, A.,Cates, G. D.,Chang, C. C.,Chudakov, E.,Craver, B.,Cusanno, F.,Deur, A.,Dutta, D.,Ent, R.,F American Physical Society 2015 PHYSICAL REVIEW C - Vol.92 No.1
The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Abies nephrolepis (Pinaceae: Abietoideae)
Yi, D.K.,Choi, K.,Joo, M.,Yang, J.C.,Mustafina, F.U.,Han, J.S.,Son, D.C.,Chang, K.S.,Shin, C.H.,Lee, Y.M. Korean Biodiversity Information Facility 2016 Journal of Asia-Pacific biodiversity(Online) Vol.9 No.2
The plant chloroplast (cp) genome has maintained a relatively conserved structure and gene content throughout evolution. Cp genome sequences have been used widely for resolving evolutionary and phylogenetic issues at various taxonomic levels of plants. Here, we report the complete cp genome of Abies nephrolepis. The A. nephrolepis cp genome is 121,336 base pairs (bp) in length including a pair of short inverted repeat regions (IRa and IRb) of 139 bp each separated by a small single copy (SSC) region of 54,323 bp (SSC) and a large single copy region of 66,735 bp (LSC). It contains 114 genes, 68 of which are protein coding genes, 35 tRNA and four rRNA genes, six open reading frames, and one pseudogene. Seventeen repeat units and 64 simple sequence repeats (SSR) have been detected in A. nephrolepis cp genome. Large IR sequences locate in 42-kb inversion points (1186 bp). The A. nephrolepis cp genome is identical to Abies koreana's which is closely related to taxa. Pairwise comparison between two cp genomes revealed 140 polymorphic sites in each. Complete cp genome sequence of A. nephrolepis has a significant potential to provide information on the evolutionary pattern of Abietoideae and valuable data for development of DNA markers for easy identification and classification.
Ahmad, F.,Abbassi, F.,Hong, J.W.,Chang, S.H.,Park, M.K. Applied Science Publishers ; Elsevier 2017 Composite structures Vol.176 No.-
This paper addresses the impact responses of dry and wet specially-orthotropic cross-ply CFRP composite plates under low-velocity impact loading. Experimental tests were performed for five different moisture content conditions using anti-symmetric cross-ply composite plates. To analyze the hygroscopic effects, all plates were immersed in hot water for water absorption and then impacted by constant weight via an impactor. Absorbed water cause matrix swelling and leads to disbanding between the matrix and fiber at the interface, as observed in SEM images. The results showed that plates with a higher level of moisture content showed more undulation in the time-force curve and a relatively small change in the peak force for all plates. Moisture content does not have a substantial effect on the penetration-resistance of the plates. The flexural rigidity or stiffness of the plates decreases due to moisture content and large damage sizes were observed for wet specimens in the C-scan pictures as compared to dry plate.
Chae, K.J.,Choi, M.J.,Kim, K.Y.,Ajayi, F.F.,Chang, I.S.,Kim, I.S. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2010 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.35 No.24
The microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) is a promising technology for producing biohydrogen at greater yield than with conventional technology. However, during a run of an acetate-fed MEC at an applied voltage of 0.5V, substantial amounts of substrate are consumed in undesirable methanogenesis. Therefore, in order to suppress the methanogens specifically without adversely affecting exoelectrogens, this study examined the effects of sudden changes in pH, temperature and air-exposure, as well as chemical inhibitors, such as 2-bromoethanesulfonate (BES) and lumazine on methanogenesis. An abrupt decrease in temperature and pH from 30 to 20<SUP>o</SUP>C and 7 to 4.9, respectively, had no effect on methanogenesis. Exposing the anode biofilm to air was also ineffective in inhibiting specific methanogens because both methanogens and exoelectrogens were damaged by oxygen. However, an injection of BES (286μM) reduced the methanogenic electron losses substantially from 36.4+/-4.4 (=145.8+/-17.4μmol-CH<SUB>4</SUB>) to 2.5+/-0.3% (=10.2+/-1.2μmol-CH<SUB>4</SUB>), which in turn improved the overall hydrogen efficiency (acetate to H<SUB>2</SUB>) from 56.1+/-5.7 to 80.1+/-6.5% (=3.2mol-H<SUB>2</SUB>/mol-acetate). Once after inhibited, the inhibitory influence was retained even after 10 batch cycles in the absence of further BES addition. In contrast to BES, methanogenesis was unaffected by lumazine, even at much higher concentrations. The installation of a Nafion membrane resulted in the production of high purity hydrogen at the cathode but hindered proton migration, which caused a serious pH imbalance between the anode and cathode compartments.