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The Women Manager Panel Survey: Moving beyond the glass ceiling to become a core workforce
Nan-Jue Kim,Min-Jung Kang,Geon-Pyo Park,Byung-Yoo Jeon,Moon-Jung Kang 한국여성정책연구원 2016 GSPR(Gender Studies and Policy Review) Vol.9 No.-
While it is undeniable that the utilization of female talent is essential in achieving the government’s agenda of a 70% overall national employment rate, as of 2013 the employment rate of women aged 15 or older stands at a mere 48.8%. The women managers panel survey is the nation’s only survey targeting female workers in managerial position. It surveyed companies with 100 or more employees across all industries that had female workers in positions of deputy section chief or higher. The panel examines organizational variables, personal variables, and circumstantial variables affecting female managers in their work and personal lives while surveying the human resources management and utilization of female employees of companies. Based on the results of the survey, it was concluded that the leadership training for female managers provided by the government-run Female Talent Academy needs to be further expanded in order to increase the ratio of female managers and administrators within companies. Moreover, a female administrator quota needs to be incrementally introduced to companies with 100 or more employees in consideration of the scale of the company and voluntary participation by companies in affirmative action measures should be encouraged.
Kang, Seung-Ji,Jin, Hye-Mi,Won, Eun Jeong,Cho, Young-Nan,Jung, Hyun-Ju,Kwon, Yong-Soo,Kee, Hae Jin,Ju, Jae Kyun,Kim, Jung-Chul,Kim, Uh Jin,Jang, Hee-Chang,Jung, Sook-In,Kee, Seung-Jung,Park, Yong-Wook Public Library of Science 2016 PLoS neglected tropical diseases Vol.10 No.7
<▼1><P><B>Background</B></P><P>Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells contribute to protection against certain microorganism infections. However, little is known about the role of MAIT cells in <I>Orientia tsutsugamushi</I> infection. Hence, the aims of this study were to examine the level and function of MAIT cells in patients with scrub typhus and to evaluate the clinical relevance of MAIT cell levels.</P><P><B>Methodology/Principal Findings</B></P><P>Thirty-eight patients with scrub typhus and 53 health control subjects were enrolled in the study. The patients were further divided into subgroups according to disease severity. MAIT cell level and function in the peripheral blood were measured by flow cytometry. Circulating MAIT cell levels were found to be significantly reduced in scrub typhus patients. MAIT cell deficiency reflects a variety of clinical conditions. In particular, MAT cell levels reflect disease severity. MAIT cells in scrub typhus patients displayed impaired tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α production, which was restored during the remission phase. In addition, the impaired production of TNF-α by MAIT cells was associated with elevated CD69 expression.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>This study shows that circulating MAIT cells are activated, numerically deficient, and functionally impaired in TNF-α production in patients with scrub typhus. These abnormalities possibly contribute to immune system dysregulation in scrub typhus infection.</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Author Summary</B></P><P>Scrub typhus is a mite-borne bacterial infection in humans caused by <I>Orientia tsutsugamushi</I>, an obligate intracellular bacterium, prevalent in Asia, Northern Australia, and the Indian subcontinent. The pathogenesis of <I>O</I>. <I>tsutsugamushi</I> infection is known to be not only related to the virulence of <I>O</I>. <I>tsutsugamushi</I>, but also to the host immune response. Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are an evolutionarily conserved antimicrobial MR1-restricted T cell subset. Upon antigen recognition, MAIT cells rapidly produce proinflammatory cytokines, maintain an activated phenotype throughout the course of an infection, and have the potential to directly kill infected cells; thus, playing an important role in controlling the host response. However, little is known about the role of MAIT cells in <I>Orientia tsutsugamushi</I> infection. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to measure the levels and functions of circulating MAIT cells in scrub typhus patients and to examine the clinical relevance of MAIT cell levels. The present study demonstrates that circulating MAIT cells are activated and numerically deficient in patients with scrub typhus. Notably, impairment of TNF-α production represents the susceptibility of individuals to <I>O</I>. <I>tsutsugamushi</I> infection. These findings provide important information for predicting the prognosis of scrub typhus infection.</P></▼2>
정난정 ( Nan Jung Jung ),강윤한 ( Yoon Han Kang ) 한국식품저장유통학회 ( 구 한국농산물저장유통학회 ) 2012 한국식품저장유통학회지 Vol.19 No.3
The objective of this study was to characterize three different commercial (A, B and C) and two handmade (HM-AP, atmospheric pressure; HM-RP, reduced pressure) strawberry jams in relation to soluble solids, pH, total acid, total polyphenol, anthocyanin, color values, texture properties, and sensory evaluation. The soluble solid contents varied from 62.33 to 68.33 °Brix, and the pH ranged from 3.59 to 3.70. The color L and a values were the highest in the HM-RP strawberry jam (p<0.05). The total polyphenol contents of commercial jams A, B, and C were 56.10, 97.59, and 105.85 mg GAE/100 g, respectively, and those of the HM-AP and HM-RP of handmade jams were 156.13 and 189.94 mg GAE/100 g. The anthocyanin contents of A, B, and C commercial jams were 1.51, 0.95, and 0.80 mg/100 g, respectively, and those of the HM-AP and HM-RP handmade jams were 2.64 and 9.16 mg/100 g. The phenolic contents of the HM-RP jam were significantly much higher than those of the other jams. The hardness ranged from 5.67×103 (HM-AP jam) to 41.91×103 (jam B) dyne/cm2, the jelly strength ranged from 40.08 (HM-AP jam) to 180.33 (jam B) dyne, and the strength ranged from 83.84 (jam C) to 302.93 (jam B) g. The sensory evaluation of the color, flavor, sweetness, sourness, viscosity and overall acceptability of the HM-RP jam showed higher values than those of the other jams. Especially, the highest value of the color score was found in the HM-RP jam. The electon donating abilities of jams A, B, and C and of the HM-AP and HM-RP jams were 44.27, 41.70, 53.06, 69.08, and 73.21%, respectively. These results indicated that the HM-RP strawberry jam prepared with reduced pressure using micro-oxygen technology was a good source of phenolic compounds, total polyphenols and anthocyanin, and had a high level of antioxidant activity.
Behavioral Response of Termites to Tunnel Intersection
Sook Jung Ku,Sheon-Young Kang,Nan-Yao Su,Sang-Hee Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2009 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.05
Subterranean termites construct complicated tunnel network for foraging below the ground. Thus, they often encounter a number of tunnel intersections during their moving from place to place in the network. In order to understand how termites respond to the intersections, we artificially excavated two tunnels intersected with 90° degree in soil-filled arenas. The two tunnels had the width of W1 and W2 (=2, 3, and 4mm), respectively. We systematically observed the response behavior of advancing termites to the intersection with the combination of W1 and W2, (W1, W2). For (W1, W2)=(2, 2) and (3, 3), the advancing termites passed the intersection without directional changes because it was difficult for termites to bend their body to change their moving direction due to the small-sized width. For (W1, W2)=(4, 4), the termites statistically-equally chose the three directions, left, right, and straight, which was due to the fact that the intersection provided enough space for termites to bend. For (W1, W2)=(2, 3), (2, 4), and (3, 4), termites, advancing in narrower tunnels, tended considerably to turn right or left, while termites, advancing in wider tunnels, were favorably inclined to go straight. These results can be understood by considering the relationship between termite body length and tunnel width as explained for the cases of W1=W2. In addition, we briefly discussed our findings in relation to termite foraging efficiency.
다중 PCR 분석법을 이용한 전갱이속 어종의 신속한 종판별 분석법 개발
박연정(Yeon Jung Park),이미난(Mi Nan Lee),김은미(Eun Mi Kim),노은수(Eun Soo Noh),노재구(Jae Koo Noh),박중연(Jung Youn Park),강정하(Jung-Ha Kang) 한국생명과학회 2018 생명과학회지 Vol.28 No.9
국제 무역 및 전세계 수산물 소비의 증가로 인해 다양한 수산물이 국내로 수입되어 유통되고 있다. 최근 수입수산물의 종명 및 원산지 표시사항을 허위로 기재하는 경우가 급증하여 식품안전성에 심각한 문제가 야기되고 있다. 불법적으로 유통되는 수산물의 안전관리를 위해 DNA 기반 기술을 이용한 종 판별법 마련이 시급하다. 본 연구에서는 전세계적으로 중요한 대형선망어업 어종 중 하나인 전갱이속 어류의 종을 판별하기 위해 duplex-PCR을 사용한 검출 방법을 개발하였다. 국내에 유통되는 T. japonicus과 T. novaezelandiae의 시료를 확보하여 COI 영역의 염기서열 분석을 통하여 종간 특이성을 나타내는 단일염기다형성 유전자를 탐색하였으며, PCR 증폭 산물의 크기를 고려하여 2개의 종 특이적인 정방향 primer를 설계하였다. Duplex-PCR 분석 결과, T. japonicus (103 bp), T. novaezelandiae (214 bp)와 같은 단일 밴드를 전기영동상에서 확인 할 수 있었으며 상호간의 비 특이적 밴드는 형성되지 않았다. 또한 duplex-PCR 방법을 통한 T. japonicus과 T. novaezelandiae에서 최저 0.01 ng/μl까지 검출됨을 확인 할 수 있었다. 따라서 본 연구에서 개발된 duplex-PCR 분석법을 이용한 전갱이속 어류의 종 판별법은 정확도와 민감도가 우수하여 수산물의 수출입 및 시중에 불법적으로 유통 가능성이 있는 제품을 신속하고 과학적으로 판별할 수 있어 수산물안전관리에 활용도가 매우 클 것으로 기대된다. Reliable labeling of fish products can reassure consumers regarding the identity and quality of seafoods. Therefore, techniques that can identify adulteration or mislabeling are valuable. To rapidly identify two Trachurus species, Trachurus japonicus and Trachurus novaezelandiae, a highly efficient, rapid, duplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) having two species-specific primers simultaneously was identified. This species-specific primer focused on a single nucleotide mismatch in the 3’-terminal base of a primer designed in the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase (COI) subunit I DNA. To optimize the duplex PCR condition, gradient PCR reactions were conducted to determine the primer annealing temperature and the primer concentration. The PCR’s product was observed on the gel, suggesting that DNA molecules may be useful in differentiating the two species. The length of the amplification fragments were 103 bp for Trachurus japonicus and 214 bp for Trachurus novaezelandiae, which, along with the species-specific primer visualized by agarose gel electrophoresis, enabled accurate distinction of the species of the Trachurus genus. These results indicate that the duplex PCR, which has a species- specific primer based on single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), can be useful for rapidly differentiating the two species of Trachurus. This duplex PCR analysis is simple, rapid, and reliable, and could be beneficial to protecting consumers’ rights.
강정난 ( Jeong Nan Kang ),이원경 ( Wonkyung Lee ),김도형 ( Do Hyeong Kim ),정세원 ( Se Won Jung ),설정은 ( Jung Eun Seol ),성호석 ( Ho Suk Sung ),김효진 ( Hyojin Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2015 대한피부과학회지 Vol.53 No.8
Lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory disease that mainly involves the skin and oral mucosa. We report the case of a 57-year-old female who presented with a 6-week history of localized violaceous papules on her back and both extremities. Prior to presentation, she had received acupuncture on her back and both extremities, and 2 weeks later skin lesions occurred along the treated area. From the histopathologic findings of the lesion, the patient was diagnosed with lichen planus and treated with intralesional and topical corticosteroids. Dermatologic diseases such as atypical mycobacterial infection, foreign body granuloma and contact urticaria associated with traditional Korean medicine treatments have been reported. To the best of our knowledge, there has been only one report of eruptive lichen planus triggered by acupuncture in English literature to date. Herein, we report this rare and interesting case of lichen planus related to acupuncture. (Korean J Dermatol 2015;53(8):628∼630)