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RISS 인기검색어
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- 저자 : ( Harrison Odhiambo ) (검색결과 1 건)
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Review on the Various Remediation Projects on Dumpsites in Developing Countries
( Harrison Odhiambo ),( Yasumasa Tojo ),( Toshihiko Matsuto ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2016 한국폐기물자원순환학회 춘계학술발표논문집 Vol.2016 No.-
Pollution from open dumpsite still remains an enormous challenge at both national and global scales with concomitant social, environmental, and economic implications. While open dumpsites continues to increase globally in the developing countries due to increased urbanization, strategies for reverting this trend are often contentious, since causal explanations and drivers of open dumpsite are varied and context specific. Nevertheless, a general agreement exists that a mix of different open dumpsite remediation strategies are needed across the developing countries that integrate the public, private, and the government. There is still disagreement, however, as to what are the “best practices” for open dumpsite remediation measures with some advocating strict government involvement and others arguing for alternative schemes such as communitybased, locally-implemented methods. The Paris agreement on climate change 2015 also focuses on the reduction of green house gas from municipal solid waste and most of the climate-vulnerable countries fall under the category of developing countries where there is still much use of open dumpsites. These dumpsites are abandoned or operated beyond their capacities leading to various environmental, social and health impacts. This study looks into several remediation measures proposed by different countries in countering the influences of various open dumpsites in their jurisdictions depending. The measures that can be applied in the developing countries (African context) are highlighted based on ease of implementation. The selection of case studies comprised a total of 30 dumpsites in 20 countries, most of them (15) located in Asia and 4 America, followed by 6 countries in Africa, and 4 countries in Europe. The main focus is the developing countries mostly in South Asia, South America and Africa. In the countries in the Middle East Asia, the main problem was groundwater contamination which could be solved by having temporary treatment ponds of leachate. The countries in Europe mainly experienced stability issues with the landfill sites that could be contained through construction of retaining walls. In African countries sampled, the influences varied from ground water contamination to soil contamination. The remedy offered was close monitoring of the groundwater and soil and closure of the affected areas from usage as dumpsites. The South America countries also had influences ranging from air pollution, soil pollution, groundwater contamination and disease outbreak. Some of the projects offered solutions on containment of gas (methane) and its usage as energy. The south Asia countries had a myriad of problems as well. The main problem was ground water and surface water contamination from the leachate. Some of the proposed remediation measures were to treat the resulting leachate before discharging into surface waters and close monitoring of the groundwater for contamination. The result of this study would be instrumental in the remediation proposal project for Dandora dumpsite in Nairobi Kenya.
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