http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
How the DOHA Round Could Support the African Industry?
Hakim Ben Hammouda,Stephen Karingi,Nassim Oulmane,Mustapha Sandi Jallab 중앙대학교 경제연구소 2007 Journal of Economic Development Vol.32 No.1
This study provides a quantitative evaluation of the Doha Round in terms of the market access for industrial products and the possible consequences of the trade liberalization process. It analyzes the impact of the reforms put forward by the July Package concluded in Geneva. The tariff reduction scenarios under review fit in with the commitments undertaken in the July Package. All four scenarios reviewed are based on a Girard formula. The first, third and fourth scenarios are ambitious, whereas the second is more conservative. Scenarios 1, 3 and 4 differ in the way they factor in special and differential (S&D) treatment. In terms of impact, the simulations show that a liberalization scenario based on an ambitious, non-linear Girard formula would be a less desirable alternative for Africa. It would allow for increases in the welfare and production of the African countries but would not boost African exports.
The Cost of Non-maghreb Achieving the Gains from Economic Integration
( Mohammed Hedi Bchir ),( Hakim Ben Hammouda ),( Nassim Oulmane ),( Mustapha Sadni Jallab ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 (구 세종대학교 국제경제연구소) 2007 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.22 No.3
The purpose of this paper is to estimate the impact of the integration of Maghreb countries into a free trade area on the main macroeconomic aggregates. By using the MIRAGE model and MacMap database, we tested different scenarios to estimate the gains or the potential losses of various plans of trade integration (Free trade area for the Maghreb countries, Custom Union between Maghreb countries, Maghreban Common Market). Our study suggests that the overall gains from liberalizing trade in goods (and removing various regulatory non-tariff barriers in the process) could reach at least USD 350 million. The increase in revenue through increases in production and wages would positively affect welfare levels for Maghreb consumers. The dynamic gains from liberalizing trade in goods can outstrip the static gains, with productivity improvements as the main driver. Our analysis shows that the creation of a common market is probably the most interesting and efficient option for the Maghreb countries.
( Mohamed Hedi Bchir ),( Hakim Ben Hammouda ),( Mondher Mimouni ),( Xavier Pichot ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소(구 세종대학교 국제경제연구소) 2011 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.26 No.2
The Barcelona process is an ongoing process and its first economic results are still insignificant. This study had two objectives. The first is to provide a global assessment of its impacts on the three North African countries that have already became members of this process, namely Tunisia, Morocco and Egypt. The second objective is to explore its potentials by a larger inclusion of agriculture in the Euromed partnership. The approach adopted in this paper is the use of the MIRAGE global Computable General equilibrium Model and the MacMAPS database that gives a very detailed picture of the bilateral protection between all the WTO members. This approach allowed us to consider all the economic interactions that exist between the North African countries and the European Union as well as the economic interaction between the North African countries themselves. In addition a special emphasis was given to the compute methods used to aggregate tariffs. Indeed, existing methods of aggregation are underestimating the level of tariffs applied by the European Union on agricultural products. This underestimation induces an underestimation of the effects of agriculture liberalization on North African economies. In this paper, we develop an original method of aggregation that attempts to deal with this problem and that gives a more accurate approximation of the market access barriers applied by the European countries. Our main contribution in this article is to develop an original approach of aggregation that aims to obtain a more realistic estimation of the tariffs faced by developing countries and by consequence to obtain a more realistic estimation of the economic impacts of agricultural liberalization between developed and developing countries.