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      • Outcomes of Therapeutic Bronchoscopy and Airway Stenting for Benign and Malignant Central Airway Diseases in Malaysia: A Tertiary Centre Experience

        ( Nai-chien Huan ),( Khai Lip Ng ),( Fatimah Azmah Mohammad ),( Nur Husna Mohd Aminudin ),( Kang Yang Ng ),( Lee Sy Yeong Mark ),( Swee Hung Ang ),( Noorul Afidza Muhammad ),( Ummi Nadira Daut ),( Mon 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2021 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.129 No.-

        Introduction Therapeutic bronchoscopy and airway stenting are acceptable measures for managing patients with severe symptomatic benign and/or malignant central airway diseases(CAD). Nevertheless, gaps in knowledge still exist in real-life clinical setting regarding predictors of both successful procedure and stent-related complications. The objective of this study was to determine if demographics, clinical presentation, radiological features, bronchoscopy findings and stent characteristics can identify patients who will benefit and/or develop complications from airway stenting. Methods Post-hoc analysis of patients with severe symptomatic benign/malignant CAD who underwent therapeutic bronchoscopy and airway stenting from January 2018 - January 2021. Results We included 24 patients(58.3%male) with median age of 51.0years. 14(58.3%) had malignant conditions and 10(41.7%) had benign disease. Presenting symptoms included cough(87.5%), dyspnoea(83.3%), orthopnoea(29.2%), and stridor(16.7%). Of radiological features: 54.2% had tracheal involvement, 50.0% main bronchus involvement, and 91.2% had patent airways distal to CAD. Equal number of cases(12 each) were conducted as emergency(performed within 1-day from presentation) and as semi-emergency(performed within 1-week from presentation). Bronchoscopy revealed that 54.2% had pure intrinsic lesions, 20.8% pure extrinsic lesions and 25.0% mixed lesions. 20.8% had concurrent bronchomalacia. Of stent characteristics, 62.5% received metallic stents, 33.3% silicone and 4.2% hybrid stents. Majority(75%) expressed immediate symptom relief after stenting. There was no intra-procedure mortality and complications were observed in 11(45.8%) patients, where obstruction by granulation tissue/tumour overgrowth being the most common complication(42.9%), followed by stent migration(28.6%), obstruction by secretion(14.3%) and airway tear/injuries(14.3%). There was significant association between the absence of bronchomalacia and successful procedure(Cramer’sV=0.515,p<0.05). Semi-emergency procedures(as opposed to emergency procedures) were associated with a successful outcome(Cramer’sV=0.507,p<0.05). Discussion and Conclusion Airway stenting is an effective procedure that offers rapid relief in symptoms but at the expense of potential complications. Further large-scale studies are required to identify predictors of both successful procedure and airway stenting related complications among patients with both benign and malignant CAD.

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