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- 저자 : ( Donghun Kim ) (검색결과 434 건)
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Temporal Transcriptome Analysis of SARS-CoV-2-Infected Lung and Spleen in Human ACE2-Transgenic Mice
Jung Ah Kim,Sung-Hee Kim,Jung Seon Seo,노현아,Haengdueng Jeong,Jiseon Kim,Donghun Jeon,Jeong Jin Kim,Dain On,윤서연,Sang Gyu Lee,이윤우,Hui Jeong Jang,박인호,Jooyeon Oh,Sang-Hyuk Seok,Yu Jin Lee,홍승민,안세희,Joon-Yong 한국분자세포생물학회 2022 Molecules and cells Vol.45 No.12
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly transmissible and potentially fatal virus. So far, most comprehensive analyses encompassing clinical and transcriptional manifestation have concentrated on the lungs. Here, we confirmed evident signs of viral infection in the lungs and spleen of SARS-CoV-2-infected K18-hACE2 mice, which replicate the phenotype and infection symptoms in hospitalized humans. Seven days post viral detection in organs, infected mice showed decreased vital signs, leading to death. Bronchopneumonia due to infiltration of leukocytes in the lungs and reduction in the spleen lymphocyte region were observed. Transcriptome profiling implicated the meticulous regulation of distress and recovery from cytokine-mediated immunity by distinct immune cell types in a time-dependent manner. In lungs, the chemokine-driven response to viral invasion was highly elevated at 2 days post infection (dpi). In late infection, diseased lungs, post the innate immune process, showed recovery signs. The spleen established an even more immediate line of defense than the lungs, and the cytokine expression profile dropped at 7 dpi. At 5 dpi, spleen samples diverged into two distinct groups with different transcriptome profile and pathophysiology. Inhibition of consecutive host cell viral entry and massive immunoglobulin production and proteolysis inhibition seemed that one group endeavored to survive, while the other group struggled with developmental regeneration against consistent viral intrusion through the replication cycle. Our results may contribute to improved understanding of the longitudinal response to viral infection and development of potential therapeutics for hospitalized patients affected by SARS-CoV-2.
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Temporal Transcriptome Analysis of SARS-CoV-2-Infected Lung and Spleen in Human ACE2-Transgenic Mice
Jung Ah Kim,Sung-Hee Kim,Jung Seon Seo,노현아,Haengdueng Jeong,Jiseon Kim,Donghun Jeon,Jeong Jin Kim,Dain On,윤서연,Sang Gyu Lee,이윤우,Hui Jeong Jang,In Ho Park,Jooyeon Oh,Sang-Hyuk Seok,Yu Jin Lee,홍승민,안세희,Jo 한국분자세포생물학회 2022 Molecules and cells Vol.45 No.12
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly transmissible and potentially fatal virus. So far, most comprehensive analyses encompassing clinical and transcriptional manifestation have concentrated on the lungs. Here, we confirmed evident signs of viral infection in the lungs and spleen of SARS-CoV-2-infected K18-hACE2 mice, which replicate the phenotype and infection symptoms in hospitalized humans. Seven days post viral detection in organs, infected mice showed decreased vital signs, leading to death. Bronchopneumonia due to infiltration of leukocytes in the lungs and reduction in the spleen lymphocyte region were observed. Transcriptome profiling implicated the meticulous regulation of distress and recovery from cytokine-mediated immunity by distinct immune cell types in a time-dependent manner. In lungs, the chemokine-driven response to viral invasion was highly elevated at 2 days post infection (dpi). In late infection, diseased lungs, post the innate immune process, showed recovery signs. The spleen established an even more immediate line of defense than the lungs, and the cytokine expression profile dropped at 7 dpi. At 5 dpi, spleen samples diverged into two distinct groups with different transcriptome profile and pathophysiology. Inhibition of consecutive host cell viral entry and massive immunoglobulin production and proteolysis inhibition seemed that one group endeavored to survive, while the other group struggled with developmental regeneration against consistent viral intrusion through the replication cycle. Our results may contribute to improved understanding of the longitudinal response to viral infection and development of potential therapeutics for hospitalized patients affected by SARS-CoV-2.
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Kim, Sung-Ho,Kim, Ki-Duk,Lee, Donghun,Lee, Yong-Kul Elsevier 2018 Journal of catalysis Vol.364 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The effects of Co, Ni, or Mo precursors having different oil solubility and oxidation state on the slurry phase hydrocracking (HCK) of vacuum residue (VR) was investigated at 673 K and 9.5 MPa H<SUB>2</SUB>. X-ray diffraction and extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy were used to obtain structural properties of the dispersed catalyst. Under standard operating condition, the metal precursors were found to form nanoscaled dispersed particles of MoS<SUB>2</SUB>, Co<SUB>9</SUB>S<SUB>8</SUB>, and Ni<SUB>3</SUB>S<SUB>2</SUB>, with the following VR HCK performances in the order MoS<SUB>2</SUB> > Co<SUB>9</SUB>S<SUB>8</SUB> ≫ Ni<SUB>3</SUB>S<SUB>2</SUB>, based on the same metal loading of 0.113 mmol. Among the oil-soluble Mo precursors such as Mo-hexacarbonyl, -octoate, and -naphthenate, it was observed that Mo-octoate having an intermediate oxidation state forms the smallest particles of 5.8 nm in size and shows the best activity in the VR HCK.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> In the hydrocracking of vacuum residue, Ni, Co, or Mo precursor forms nanoscaled sulfides of 5–20 nm. </LI> <LI> Oil dispersibility affects the hydrocracking of vacuum residue, following the order MoS<SUB>2</SUB> > Co<SUB>9</SUB>S<SUB>8</SUB> ≫ Ni<SUB>3</SUB>S<SUB>2.</SUB> </LI> <LI> Among Mo precursors, Mo-octoate having an intermediate oxidation state shows better activity than others. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
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Spatial Price Competition in the Korean Retail Gasoline Market
Kim, Donghun,Lee, Jiyon Korean Resource Economics Association 2014 자원·환경경제연구 Vol.23 No.4
This paper analyzes competition among service stations in the Korean gasoline market. We consider spatial differentiation as a source of product differentiation as well as the characteristics of the stations and vertical contracts between refiners and retailers as factors causing changes in equilibrium prices in the Korean gasoline retail market. The effect of the government's price disclosure policy on the retail market competition is also analyzed. Moran's I test indicates that the prices of neighboring gas stations are spatially correlated in the market. It is also found that gasoline prices for vertically integrated stations are much lower than those for independent stations. In addition, unbranded stations charge lower prices than branded stations but also induce branded stations to price more competitively. Meanwhile, the government's price disclosure policy did intensify price competition in the retail gasoline market. It is inferred that the price disclosure policy contributed to retailers gaining more bargain power in price negotiation with refiners, causing an eventual increase in retail prices.
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Electron−hole separation in ferroelectric oxides for efficient photovoltaic responses
Kim, Donghoon,Han, Hyeon,Lee, June Ho,Choi, Jin Woo,Grossman, Jeffrey C.,Jang, Hyun Myung,Kim, Donghun National Academy of Sciences 2018 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.115 No.26
<▼1><P><B>Significance</B></P><P>Photovoltaics (PVs) benefitting from ferroelectric polarizations can overcome critical limitations of conventional type PVs. In this class, Bi<SUB>2</SUB>FeCrO<SUB>6</SUB> is known to be the best-performing material; however, a fundamental understanding of the origin is lacking, which has limited further performance improvements. Here, we carried out a theoretical investigation of the electronic structure of this material. As a result, electron−hole (<I>e-h</I>) pairs are observed to separate upon photoexcitation, which can be a dominant underlying mechanism for the exceptional PV responses. Based on this understanding, we further suggest five novel materials that can offer a combination of strong <I>e-h</I> separations and visible-light absorptions. We expect the community of ferroelectric PVs to immediately benefit from the features of the new suggested materials.</P></▼1><▼2><P>Despite their potential to exceed the theoretical Shockley−Queisser limit, ferroelectric photovoltaics (FPVs) have performed inefficiently due to their extremely low photocurrents. Incorporating Bi<SUB>2</SUB>FeCrO<SUB>6</SUB> (BFCO) as the light absorber in FPVs has recently led to impressively high and record photocurrents [Nechache R, et al. (2015) <I>Nat Photonics</I> 9:61–67], which has revived the FPV field. However, our understanding of this remarkable phenomenon is far from satisfactory. Here, we use first-principles calculations to determine that such excellent performance mainly lies in the efficient separation of electron−hole (<I>e-h</I>) pairs. We show that photoexcited electrons and holes in BFCO are spatially separated on the Fe and Cr sites, respectively. This separation is much more pronounced in disordered BFCO phases, which adequately explains the observed exceptional PV responses. We further establish a design strategy to discover next-generation FPV materials. By exploring 44 additional Bi-based double-perovskite oxides, we suggest five active-layer materials that offer a combination of strong <I>e-h</I> separations and visible-light absorptions for FPV applications. Our work indicates that charge separation is the most important issue to be addressed for FPVs to compete with conventional devices.</P></▼2>
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Solubility Experiment for the Potential Role of Concrete Admixture on the Radionuclide Mobility
Donghun Pak,Jueun Kim,Kyungwon Kim,Wooyong Um 한국방사성폐기물학회 2022 한국방사성폐기물학회 학술논문요약집 Vol.20 No.2
Polycarboxylic ether-based high-range water reducer (PCE) has been proposed to use due to the operational advantages of reduced water content and increased fluidity of cementitious mixtures. But the concern about using PCE can increase the mobility of radionuclides as well. Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (NDA) showed that the PCE formulations increased radionuclide solubility in free solution. Solubility of U(VI), 239Pu, 241Am with the cementitious materials tested with 3:1 pulverized fuel Ash/Ordinary Portland Cement (PFA:OPC) and 9:1 Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag/OPC (GGBS:OPC) with PCE that increased at least one and, in some cases, more than three orders of magnitude (between 10-9 and 10-4 mol dm-3) for these radionuclides in the cement-equilibrated solution. It is possible that the relatively low molecular weight substances present in the PCE cement mixture increase the solubility of radionuclides. In addition, the organic substances that are easily miscible with water can contribute to increase the solubility. In this study, several radionuclides (Nb, Ni, Pd, Zr, and Sn) that may be present in intermediate and low-level waste (LIW) repositories were selected based on the half-life and the estimated dose accordingly, and the solubility tests were conducted with and without PCE in solution. To simulate the field condition of the underground repository, synthetic groundwater was prepared based on the recipe by the KAERI Underground Research Tunnel (KURT) DB-3 GW and used as a solvent. The solubility limiting solid phase (SLSP) of each radionuclide was determined using Geochemist’s WorkBench (GWB) model. The selected solid phases are Ni(OH)2, ZrSiO4, Nb2O5, Pd(metal), and SnO2, respectively, and the solubility experiments were conducted with 1.0wt% of PCE per total weight and 0.5 g / 250 ml of selected radionuclide’s SLSP for 90 days at room temperature (25°C). Compared with and without PCE presence in solution, the selected radionuclides also showed an increased solubility with the presence of water reducing agent like PCE. This results can be used to correctly estimate the mobility of target radionuclides with the presence of PCE in repository environments.
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Kim Domin,Kim Donghun 한국곤충학회 2020 Entomological Research Vol.50 No.5
Colonization and maintenance of mosquitoes in the laboratory is required to study physiology, ecology, and behavior of mosquitoes and interactions between mosquito and pathogens. Artificial blood feeding systems have been widely used to maintain the laboratory colony of Aedes albopictus. In this study, we investigated the effects of mating period (1, 3, 6, and 10 days) and time-of-day for bloodmeal (08:00, 13:00, and 18:00) in the use of an artificial feeding system on blood-feeding rate, female fecundity, egg hatching rate, and developmental time of the Asian tiger mosquito, A. albopictus. Younger females mated for three or fewer days reproduced more eggs compared to those of oldest females mated for ten days. Similar to the result for eggs laid, the mean egg-hatching rate was significantly higher from the offspring of younger females than from those of older females. However, mating period and time-of-day for bloodmeal had no effect on the blood feeding rate and developmental time. Taken together, we suggest that three-day mating with bloodmeal at 18:00 is optimal for maintaining colonies of A. albopictus in laboratory conditions.
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