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Structure Transformation for Odd-Order Lagrange-Type Variable Fractional-Delay Filters
Tian-Bo Deng 대한전자공학회 2007 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2007 No.7
Lagrange-type variable fractional-delay (VFD) digital filters can be directly implemented as the well-known Farrow structure, but the subfilter coefficients do not have symmetric or anti-symmetric coefficients. This paper presents a method for transforming a causal odd-order Lagrange-type VFD filter into a new one whose more than half subfilters have symmetric or anti-symmetric coefficients, which leads to an ef-ficient implementation that reduces the computational complexity and saves hardware cost for storing independent sub-filter coefficients.
Recurrent Formula and Property of Generalized Pascal Matrix
Tian-Bo Deng,Sorawat Chivapreecha,Kobchai Dejhan 대한전자공학회 2008 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2008 No.7
This paper derives a recurrence formula for recursively computing the inner elements of the generalized Pascal matrix from its boundary ones so that all the elements of the whole generalized Pascal matrix can be easily generated through utilizing their neighbourhood. We also reveal and prove an interesting property of the generalized Pascal matrix. Numerical examples are given to verify the recurrence formula and property.
Generalized Pascal Matrices and Inverses Using One-to-One Rational Polynomial s-z Transformations
Tian-Bo Deng,Sorawat Chivapreecha,Kobchai Dejhan 대한전자공학회 2008 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2008 No.7
This paper proposes a one-to-one mapping between the coefficients of continuous-time (s-domain) and discrete-time (z-domain) IIR transfer functions such that the s-domain numerator/denominator coefficients can be uniquely mapped to the z-domain numerator/denominator coefficients, and vice versa. The one-to-one mapping provides a firm basis for proving the inverses of the so-called generalized Pascal matrices from various first-order s-z transformations.
SVD-Based Minimax Design of 2-D Digital Filters
Tian-Bo Deng 대한전자공학회 2009 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2009 No.7
Two-dimensional (2-D) digital filters have found useful in image processing and other 2-D signal processing fields. As compared with one-dimensional (1-D) digital filter design, 2-D filter is more difficult to design because it requires more complicated mathematical formulations. Also, as the order of 2-D filter increases, the 2-D filter complexity increases drastically. One of the most efficient ways to design a 2-D filter is to decompose the difficult 2-D filter design problem into a set of 1-D filter design problems, which are relatively easy to solve. Through solving the 1-D filter design problems, a 2-D filter can be indirectly obtained. Moreover, exploiting symmetries can further reduce the complexity of the resulting 2-D filter [1]. This paper presents a special structure for designing low-complexity two-dimensional (2-D) half-band digital filter with very sharp transition band. Performing the singular-value-decomposition (SVD) of zero-phase half-band frequency response generates a set of one-dimensional (1-D) frequency responses which can be approximated using the cascade of a half-advance digital filter and a set of 1-D filters. Each such a 1-D filter only requires a single multiplication to get an output sample, so the resulting whole 2-D half-band filter has considerably reduced computational complexity as compared with the existing direct design approach. To minimize the peak errors of the magnitude response of the resulting 2-D half-band filter, we parallelize one extra section to the structure and then minimize the peak errors using a nonlinear optimization method, which reduces the design problem to a minimax design. Since the whole structure only consists of a set of simple 1-D filters, the complexity is extremely low.
Tian, Shu-Bo,Yu, Jian-Chun,Kang, Wei-Ming,Ma, Zhi-Qiang,Ye, Xin,Cao, Zhan-Jiang,Yan, Chao Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.15
Our aim was to investigate the value of combined detection of serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9, CA 242 and CA 50 in diagnosis and assessment of prognosis in consecutive gastric cancer patients. Clinical data including preoperative serum CEA, CA 19-9, CA 242, and CA 50 values and information on clinical pathological factors were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Univariate and multivariate survival analyses were used to explore the relationship between tumor markers and survival. Positive rates of tumor markers CEA, CA 19-9, CA 242 and CA 50 in the diagnosis of gastric cancer were 17.7, 17.1, 20.4 and 13.8%, respectively, and the positive rate for all four markers combined was 36.6%. Patients with elevated preoperative serum concentrations of CEA, CA 19-9, CA 242 and CA 50, had late clinical tumor stage and significantly poorer overall survival. Five-year survival rates in patients with elevated CEA, CA 19-9, CA 242 and CA 50 were 28.1, 25.8, 27.0 and 24.1%, respectively, compared with 55.0, 55.4, 56.4 and 54.5% in patients with these markers at normal levels (p<0.01). In multivariate Cox proportional hazards analyses, an elevated CA 242 level was determined to be an independent prognostic marker in gastric cancer patients. Combined detection of four tumor markers increased the positive rate for gastric cancer diagnosis. CA 242 showed higher diagnostic value and CA 50 showed lower diagnostic value. In resectable gastric carcinoma, preoperative CA 242 level was associated with disease stage, and was found to be a significant independent prognostic marker in gastric cancer patients.