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Variability of Chrysanthemum Cultivars Induced by Gamma Irradiation
Saika Anne,Jin Hee Lim 한국원예학회 2021 원예과학기술지 Vol.39 No.5
This study aimed to determine the exposure dose of gamma radiation on stem cuttings of chrysanthemum cultivars. Explants of 11 cultivars (‘Eldora’, ‘Rania’, ‘Aileen’, ‘Olga pink’, ‘Sevda’, ‘Heimish’, ‘Rania’, ‘Attirance’, ‘White Plume’, ‘Coral King’, and ‘Leporem’) were subjected to different levels of gamma irradiation (0, 10, 30, 50, 70, 100, and 150 Gy). The results revealed that variation in vegetative growth parameters, viz., plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf width, total number of flowers, flower diameter, number of petals, petal length and width, and number of buds occurred in the M1V1 generation compared to the control (0 Gy). The survival rates of the gamma-irradiated cultivars changed dramatically. The number of surviving plantlets based on 50% lethal dose (LD50) was found in 100 and 150 Gy treated plants 60 days after radiation. In addition, the highest percentage of plant survival was observed in the control, while the lowest percentage was observed in plants irradiated with 100 Gy and 150 Gy, along with delayed bud initiation and flowering. The number of days from planting to flowering was low in all of the control cultivars, even though the flowering percentage was high in the control compared to the treatments. The highest number of branches was observed in plants that were subjected to 100 and 150 Gy treatment, while 10, 30, and 50 Gy gamma irradiation revealed similar vegetative characteristics to all the control cultivars. Maximum leaf abnormality and leaf color variation were observed in the 70, 100, and 150 Gy treatments. Mutant varieties were produced from those treated with 10, 30, 50, 70, and 150 Gy, in which a higher number of mutants and mutation frequency were found in the 30 and 70 Gy treatments. The results showed that more flower color mutations occurred due to higher exposure to irradiation with minimum alteration in the vegetative growth in all cultivars. These results establish a standard to identify the gamma radiation dose that can induce mutations in chrysanthemum.
Mutation Breeding Using Gamma Irradiation in the Development of Ornamental Plants: A Review
Saika Anne,Jin Hee Lim 한국화훼학회 2020 화훼연구 Vol.28 No.3
Gamma irradiation has been used in several ornamental plant species to obtain the desired genetic variability. Commercially, ornamental plants with a rich variety of flower colors and uniform shapes are prized and in high demand. Irradiation technology is widely utilized to generate a high number of mutations, which helps introduce new, improved variants in comparison to the control plant. The main purpose is to promote well-adjusted species by customizing some specific features to expand on the desired parameter. Exposure to an optimum dose of gamma irradiation is crucial to ensure the most beneficial mutation density. The effects of dose rates are species-dependent, thereby affecting the probability of inducing favorable attributes, such that they are either not clearly exhibited or are disoriented during the gradual physical development of the plants. To obtain high-quality species within a very limited period, gamma irradiation may present an alternative method to selective screening with its combined application of molecular-based analysis to contribute to mutational changes in plant physiology. Here we review current literature that focuses on the effect of appropriate doses of gamma irradiation and the morphological, functional, and molecular objectives of such irradiation in ornamental plants.
Yohei Saika,Masahiro Nakagawa 제어로봇시스템학회 2017 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2017 No.10
By making use of environmental quantities, such as temperature and relative humidity, we search optimal conditions on thermal index called as the temperature-humidity index (THI) at each sampling point and power consumption due to air conditioning, both of which are estimated by repeating the Bayesian inference using the EAP estimation with an increase in the ratio of the coefficient of the model prior as to that of the likelihood. Then, we estimate static property of the Bayesian inference and dynamic property of the iterative method by making use of numerical calculations for several cases. Numerical results show that the iterative method succeeds in searching the optimal conditions on the environmental variables, if we increase the ratio up to its optimum respective of the choice of observed variables. These results are confirmed by the mean-field theory for the full-connected model.
Yohei Saika,Naoyuki Tahara,Tetsuya Yamasaki 제어로봇시스템학회 2008 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2008 No.10
In order to reconstruct a grayscale image from a noisy corrupted halftone image obtained by the conventional dither method, we construct a method of image restoration using the ε-filter, the discriminant analysis method and the generalized statistical smoothing. Then, using the numerical simulation for a 256-level standard image “enna” we clarify that the present method restores the gray-level image with higher image quality than the conventional method, if we appropriately tune the parameters, and that the edges of the original image are restored by the present method more accurately than other conventional method.
Yohei Saika,Shouta Akiyama,Hiroki Sakaematsu 제어로봇시스템학회 2013 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2013 No.10
We investigated the Bayesian inferences using the maximize a posteriori (MAP) estimation for the problem of phase unwrapping in remote sensing using the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry. Then, in order to clarify performance of the Bayesian inference estimate, we carried out Monte Carlo simulation for a set of wave-fronts generated by an assumed true prior. Then, we clarified that optimal performance was achieved under the Bayes-optimal condition within statistical uncertainty. Then, we clarified that the present method was effective even for an artificial wave-front in remote sensing due to SAR interferometry. Also, we found that the Bayesian inference via the conjugate gradient method to derive the MAP solution for this problem. Using the numerical simulation for the wave-front, we found that the MAP estimation using the conjugate gradient method was effective for phase unwrapping as well as the MPM estimate approximately.
Yohei Saika,Kenta Morimoto 제어로봇시스템학회 2012 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2012 No.10
We studied performance of a generalized MAP estimation which was regarded as the maximizer of the posterior marginal (MPM) estimate for image reconstruction via multiple halftone images for a set of grayscale images generated by an assumed true prior and a 256-grayscale standard image. By making use of numerical simulations for those images, we clarified that performance of the generalized MAP estimation is improved with the increase in the number of the halftone images for image reconstruction, if we tune parameter scheduling appropriately. Also, we found that the present method reconstructs original images more accurately than the conventional MAP estimation and the MPM estimate.
Image Restoration from Corrupted Halftone Image Using the Statistical Mechanical Iterative Method
Yohei Saika,Naoyuki Tahara,Tetsuya Yamasaki 제어로봇시스템학회 2009 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.8
In order to reconstruct a grayscale image from a noisy halftone image converted by the dither method, weconstruct a method of image restoration using the ??-filter and the statistical mechanical iterative method due to the Betheapproximation established in statistical physics to approximate the thermodynamics of magnetic materials. Then, usingthe numerical simulation for a 256-level standard image “Lena” with 512??512 pixels, we clarify that our method issuccessful in image restoration more accurately than the conventional filter, if we set the parameters appropriately.
Probabilistic Modeling to Inverse Halftoning based on Super Resolution
Yohei Saika,Ken Okamoto,Fumiya Matsubara 제어로봇시스템학회 2010 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.10
On the basis of the Bayesian inference using the maximizer of the posterior marginal (MPM) estimate, we formulate the problem of inverse halftoning via the framework of super resolution for the organized dither method. Then, the Monte Carlo simulation for a set of the snapshots of the Q-Ising model clarifies that this method achieves optimal performance under the Bayes-optimal condition and that the Bayes-optimal solution reconstructs more accurately than the MAP estimate. Then, we find that the upper bound of the mean square error is inversely proportional to the number of halftone image in the procedure of inverse halftoning. Then, these results obtained by the Monte Carlo simulations are qualitatively confirmed by the analytical estimate using the infinite-range model. Further, we find that the present method is effective even for realistic images and however that false contour appears in reconstructed images, if we utilize a small number of the halftone images in the procedure of inverse halftoning.