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Saravana, Periaswamy Sivagnanam,Cho, Yong-Nam,Woo, Hee-Chul,Chun, Byung-Soo Elsevier 2018 JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION Vol.198 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Herein, deep eutectic solvent combined with subcritical water extraction of seaweed polysaccharides were investigated from <I>Saccharina japonica</I>. In this regard, a deep eutectic solvent was added with sufficient amount of water and it was used as an extraction medium. To optimize, a Box–Behnken design was used to study the influences of the temperature (100 °C–150 °C), pressure (10–50 bar), water content (50%–70%), and liquid/solid (L/S) ratio (30–50 mL/g). The optimal conditions were 150 °C, 19.85 bar, and 70% water content, and L/S ratio of 36.81 mL/g showed a high yield of alginate (28.12%) and fucoidan (14.93%). FTIR, TGA, and DSC measurements confirmed that the extracted polysaccharides had the features of alginate and fucoidan. <SUP>1</SUP>H NMR data revealed that extracted alginate had an M/G ratio of 4.5 and η < 1, while monosaccharides of fucoidan had a rich content of fucose. Crude polysaccharides exhibited a moderate antioxidant activity.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> SWE with DES process was employed to extract polysaccharides from brown seaweed. </LI> <LI> Box–Behnken design was used to understand the effect of process variables. </LI> <LI> The best extraction parameters were 150 °C, 19.85 bar, 70% water content and S/L ratio of 36.81 mL/g. </LI> <LI> The structural characterization of crude polysaccharide confirmed the presence of fucoidan and alginate. </LI> <LI> The obtained crude polysaccharides showed a moderate antioxidant activity. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Hydrothermal degradation of seaweed polysaccharide: Characterization and biological activities
Saravana, Periaswamy Sivagnanam,Cho, Yong-Nam,Patil, Maheshkumar Prakash,Cho, Yeon-Jin,Kim, Gun-Do,Park, Yong Beom,Woo, Hee-Chul,Chun, Byung-Soo Elsevier 2018 Food chemistry Vol.268 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Fucoidan is a marine sulfated polysaccharide that possesses various biological activities. To enhance the functional properties of fucoidan, it was depolymerized using a green technique viz. subcritical water treatment (SCW) to produce a low molecular weight fucoidan. In this study, response surface methodology (RSM) was used to study the influence of different influences for instance temperature, pressure, liquid to solid ratio, and agitation speed to depolymerize fucoidan. RSM was used to focus on the antioxidant activity and chemical composition of SCW-treated fucoidan. Further, resulting SCW-treated fucoidan was investigated by UV-Vis, FT-IR, Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), DSC, Elemental analysis, and ESI-MS. Moreover, the optimized SCW-treated fucoidan was checked for cytotoxicity, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, and anticoagulant activity compared with the untreated fucoidan. The obtained values displayed that SCW treatment breakdowns polymer chain and so it produces low molecular weight fucoidan. Biological activities were improved as the molecular weight was reduced.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Fucoidan was successfully depolymerized using SCW treatment. </LI> <LI> BBD was used to find the best conditions of antioxidant and chemical composition of fucoidan. </LI> <LI> The best conditions was found to be 214 °C, 40 bar, 60 mL/g, 223 RPM and 5 min. </LI> <LI> Low molecular weight of fucoidan was obtained from SCW treatment. </LI> <LI> The optimized condition showed improved biological activities from native fucoidan. </LI> </UL> </P>
Lee, Hee-Jeong,Chae, Sol-Ji,Saravana, Periaswamy Sivagnanam,Chun, Byung-Soo The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Scienc 2017 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.20 No.7
In this study, marine tunicate Styela clava hydrolysate was produced by an environment friendly and green technology, pressurized hot water hydrolysis (PHWH) at different temperatures ($125-275^{\circ}C$) and pressure 50 bar. A wide range of physico-chemical and bio-functional properties such as color, pH, protein content, total carbohydrate content, reducing sugar content, and radical scavenging activities of the produced hydrolysates were evaluated. The appearance (color) of hydrolysates varied depending on the temperature; hydrolysates obtained at $125-150^{\circ}C$ were lighter, whereas at $175^{\circ}C$ gave reddish-yellow, and $225^{\circ}C$ gave dark brown hydrolysates. The $L^*$ (lightness), $a^*$ (red-green), and $b^*$ (yellow-blue) values of the hydrolysates varied between 35.20 and 50.21, -0.28 and 9.59, and 6.45 and 28.82, respectively. The pH values of S. clava hydrolysates varied from 6.45 ($125^{\circ}C$) to 8.96 ($275^{\circ}C$) and the values were found to be increased as the temperature was increased. The hydrolysis efficiency of S. clava hydrolysate was ranged from 46.05 to 88.67% and the highest value was found at $250^{\circ}C$. The highest protein, total carbohydrate content, and reducing sugar content of the hydrolysates were found 4.52 mg/g bovine, 11.48 mg/g and 2.77 mg/g at 175, and 200 and $200^{\circ}C$, respectively. Hydrolysates obtained at lower temperature showed poor radical scavenging activity and the highest DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP activities were obtained 10.25, 14.06, and 10.91 mg trolox equivalent/g hydrolysate (dry matter basis), respectively. Therefore, S. clava hydrolysate obtained by PHWH at $225-250^{\circ}C$ and 50 bar is recommended for bio-functional food supplement preparation.
Shanmugapriya, Karuppusamy,Kim, Hyejin,Saravana, Periaswamy Sivagnanam,Chun, Byung-Soo,Kang, Hyun Wook Elsevier 2018 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES Vol.118 No.2
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A nanocomposite film, chitosan (CS)-polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-bentonite (BN) was fabricated to enhance wound healing processes as a new nanoplatform for wound dressing. Both physical properties and antibacterial activity of the proposed film were examined to validate its applicability and inhibitory effect for wound management. <I>In vitro</I> cytotoxicity was evaluated by using MTT assay on L929 and NIH3T3 cells to identify the toxicity level of the film. <I>In vivo</I> wound healing test assessed the wound healing performance in animal models. The results confirmed a strong interaction between surface functional groups among CS, PVP and BN with suitable surface morphology and high thermal stability. The CS-PVP-BN film improved various material features such as including mechanical property, tensile strength, pH and porosity, inhibitory activity on bacterial organisms, and collagen deposition. The animal study confirmed that the fabricated film yielded a rapid healing rate of 97%, less scarring, thick granulation at the 11th day, regeneration of epidermis at the 16th day, and abundant deposition of collagen and fibroblast, compared with control. The non-toxic nanocomposite film can be a promising antibacterial wound dressing with rapid wound healing effects in wound care management.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Greater surface interaction between new nanocomposite films with high thermal stability. </LI> <LI> Nanocomposite films have good antibacterial effect. </LI> <LI> Non-toxic films act as biocompatible antibacterial wound dressings. </LI> <LI> CS-PVP-BN2 films have the fastest healing rate (97%) with high collagen deposition and less scarring. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>Schematic illustration of wound healing by using nanocomposite films as wound dressing.</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Shanmugapriya, Karuppusamy,Kim, Hyejin,Saravana, Periaswamy Sivagnanam,Chun, Byung-Soo,Kang, Hyun Wook Elsevier 2018 Colloids and surfaces Biointerfaces Vol.172 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Emulsion-based delivery systems have been fabricated and developed to increase the bioavailability of astaxanthin and alpha-tocopherol as active compounds for various biomedical applications. Astaxanthin-alpha tocopherol nanoemulsion (ATNE) is well known for its potential 6.–6.30 effect. The current study investigated ATNE by spontaneous (SENE) and ultrasonication emulsification (USNE) methods to optimally fabricate oil/water nanoemulsion characterized for biomedical applications. The two methods were compared by using a response surface method of 3-level Box-Behnken design (BBD) with significant factors. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed spherical-shaped nanoemulsion from SENE and USNE methods and dynamic light scattering (DLS) proved the good stability of the fabricated nanoemulsion. Cytotoxicity studies on three different cancer cells confirmed that the nanoemulsion at higher concentrations was more toxic than one at lower concentrations by accompanying a significant decrease in the cellular viability after 24 and 48 h of exposure. The wound-healing potential using scratch assay evidenced faster healing effect of the nanoemulsion. Both minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) methods confirmed significant antibacterial activity to disrupt the integrity of the bacterial cell membrane. The current results suggested that ATNE act as effectively targeted drug delivery vehicles in the future for cancer treatment applications due to its significant results of anticancer, wound healing, and antimicrobial effects.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> ATNE nanoemulsion showed small droplet size. </LI> <LI> It has maintained a kinetically high stability for three months. </LI> <LI> ATNEs at lower concentrations reduced cancer cell viability and induced apoptosis. </LI> <LI> It also increased fibroblast cell migration and disrupted bacterial cell membrane. </LI> <LI> The remarkable findings are good wound healing and antibacterial activities. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
( Hee-jeong Lee ),( Sol-ji Chae ),( Periaswamy Sivagnanam Saravana ),( Byung-soo Chun ) 한국수산과학회(구 한국수산학회) 2017 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.20 No.3
In this study, marine tunicate Styela clava hydrolysate was produced by an environment friendly and green technology, pressurized hot water hydrolysis (PHWH) at different temperatures (125-275 °C) and pressure 50 bar. A wide range of physico-chemical and bio-functional properties such as color, pH, protein content, total carbohydrate content, reducing sugar content, and radical scavenging activities of the produced hydrolysates were evaluated. The appearance (color) of hydrolysates varied depending on the temperature; hydrolysates obtained at 125-150 °C were lighter, whereas at 175 °C gave reddish-yellow, and 225 °C gave dark brown hydrolysates. The L* (lightness), a* (red-green), and b* (yellow-blue) values of the hydrolysates varied between 35.20 and 50.21, -0.28 and 9.59, and 6.45 and 28.82, respectively. The pH values of S. clava hydrolysates varied from 6.45 (125 °C) to 8.96 (275 °C) and the values were found to be increased as the temperature was increased. The hydrolysis efficiency of S. clava hydrolysate was ranged from 46.05 to 88.67% and the highest value was found at 250 °C. The highest protein, total carbohydrate content, and reducing sugar content of the hydrolysates were found 4.52 mg/g bovine, 11.48 mg/g and 2.77 mg/g at 175, and 200 and 200 °C, respectively. Hydrolysates obtained at lower temperature showed poor radical scavenging activity and the highest DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP activities were obtained 10.25, 14.06, and 10.91 mg trolox equivalent/g hydrolysate (dry matter basis), respectively. Therefore, S. clava hydrolysate obtained by PHWH at 225-250 °C and 50 bar is recommended for bio-functional food supplement preparation.