독일의 안전진단기술 및 적용사례

오토크로겔,OTo, Keu-Ro 한국건설안전협회 1996 건설안전세미나 Vol.7 No.-

Tularemia Progression Accompanied with Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Alteration in Spleen and Liver of BALB/c Mice

Miroslav Pohanka,Oto Pavlis,Branislav Ruttkay-Nedecky,Jiri Sochor,Jakub Sobotka,Jiri Pikula,Vojtech Adam,Rene Kizek 한국미생물학회 2012 The journal of microbiology Vol.50 No.3

Francisella tularensis is the causative agent of tularemia. It is an intracellular pathogen with the ability to survive within phagosomes and induce pyroptotic cell death. In this study, we attempted to prove whether oxidative imbalance plays a significant role in tularemia pathogenesis. In our experimental model, we subcutaneously infected female BALB/c mice (dose 105 CFU of F. tularensis LVS). Liver, spleen, and blood were collected from mice at regular intervals from days 1–15 after infection. The bacterial burden was assessed by a cultivation test. The burden was unchanging from the 2nd to 6th day after infection. The bacterial burden corresponded to the plasmatic level of IFN-γ, IL-6, and liver malondialdehyde. After the phase of acute bacteraemia and the innate immunity reaction, the levels of reduced glutathione and total low molecular weight antioxidants decreased significantly and the activity of caspase-3 increased in the liver. The level of reduced glutathione decreased to 25% of the original level, and the total level of low molecular weight antioxidants was less than 50% of the initial amount. The demonstrated effects of tularemia-induced pathology had a more extensive impact on the liver than on the spleen.

Revision of the Agrilus beatissimus species–group (Coleoptera, Buprestidae) with description of five new species from Southeast Asia

Eduard Jendek,Oto Nakládal 한국응용곤충학회 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.21 No.3

The newly defined Agrilus beatissimus species–group comprising seven species from Southeast Asia is revised. The key to species is provided and complemented with illustrations of habitus, genitalia and type specimens. The following five new species are described: Agrilus bilyanus sp. nov. (Thailand); A. campana sp. nov. (Laos); A. galazopos sp. nov. (Laos); A. plurifrons sp. nov. (Laos, Myanmar) and A. undatus sp. nov. (Laos). Comprehensive commented references, data on type specimens and new faunal records are cited. The distribution is updated for A. beatissimusDescarpentries and Villiers 1963 and A. dunoyeriBaudon 1968.

Revision of citrus trees pests of Agrilus angulatus species–group (Coleoptera, Buprestidae) from South and Southeast Asia with description of one new species

Eduard Jendek,Oto Nakládal 한국응용곤충학회 2019 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.22 No.1

The revision of Agrilus (Coleoptera, Buprestidae) pests of citrus trees from A. angulatus species–group comprising six species: A. angulatus (Fabricius, 1798); A. connatus sp. nov.; A. livensKerremans, 1892a, b; A. mediocrisKerremans, 1900; A. nubilusKerremans, 1892a, b and A. olivaceidorsisObenberger, 1917 from South and Southeast Asia is provided. The study is based on examination of all relevant types and 2498 additional specimens. The key to species is given and complemented with illustrations of morphology, habitus, genitalia, size variability, color variability, type specimens and distribution. Comprehensive commented literature references, data on type specimens, faunal records, revised and updated distribution and host plant data are cited for each species. The new species A. connatus sp. nov. from Laos and Thailand is described. The following taxonomic and nomenclatural acts are proposed: the name grisatorKerremans, 1893syn. nov. (Agrilus) is a junior subjective synonym of the name nubilusKerremans, 1892a, b (Agrilus); the name macellusBourgoin, 1922syn. nov. (Agrilus) is a junior subjective synonym of the name olivaceidorsisObenberger, 1917 (Agrilus); the lectotype of Buprestis angulataFabricius, 1798 (now in Agrilus) is designated.

Gene polymorphisms influencing yield, composition and technological properties of milk from Czech Simmental and Holstein cows

Citek, Jindrich,Brzakova, Michaela,Hanusova, Lenka,Hanus, Oto,Vecerek, Libor,Samkova, Eva,Krizova, Zuzana,Hostickova, Irena,Kavova, Tereza,Strakova, Karolina,Hasonova, Lucie Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2021 Animal Bioscience Vol.34 No.1

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of polymorphic loci and other factors on milk performance and the technological properties of milk. Methods: The analysis was performed on Simmental and Holstein cows in field conditions (n = 748). Milk yield in kg, fat and protein percentage and yield were evaluated. Technological properties were evaluated by milk fermentation ability, renneting, and an alcohol test. Polymorphisms in the acyl-CoA diacylgycerol transferase 1 (DGAT1), leptin (LEP), fatty acid synthase (FASN), stearoyl CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), casein beta (CSN2), casein kappa (CSN3), and lactoglobulin beta genes were genotyped, and association analysis was performed. Results: The DGAT1 AA genotype was associated with higher milk, protein and fat yields (p<0.05). The MM genotype in the LEP gene was associated with a lower protein percentage and the W allele with a higher protein percentage (p<0.05). In cows with the FASN GG genotype, the protein percentage was higher, but the A allele was associated with higher milk, protein and fat yields than the G allele. The TT genotype in SCD1 was associated with the lowest milk, protein and fat yields and with the highest milk protein percentage (p<0.01). The T allele had higher values than the C allele (p<0.05) except for fat percentage. The genotype CSN3 AA was associated with a significantly heightened milk yield; BB was associated with a high protein percentage. The effect of the alleles on the technological properties was not significant. The CSN2 BB genotype was associated with the best alcohol test (p<0.01), and the renneting order was inverse. Milk from cows with the CSN2 A1A1 genotype was best in the milk fermentation ability. CSN3 significantly affected the technological properties. Conclusion: The findings revealed the potential of some polymorphic loci for use in dairy cattle breeding and for the management of milk quality. In field research, the pivotal role of farms in milk yield, composition and technological properties was confirmed.

Somatic cell score: gene polymorphisms and other effects in Holstein and Simmental cows

Čítek Jindřich,Brzáková Michaela,Hanusová Lenka,Hanuš Oto,Večerek Libor,Samková Eva,Jozová Eva,Hoštičková Irena,Trávníček Jan,Klojda Martin,Hasoňová Lucie 아세아·태평양축산학회 2022 Animal Bioscience Vol.35 No.1

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of gene polymorphisms and nongenetic factors on the somatic cell score (SCS) in the milk of Holstein (n = 148) and Simmental (n = 73) cows and their crosses (n = 6). Methods: The SCS was calculated by the formula SCS = log2(SCC/100,000)+3, where SCC is the somatic cell count. Polymorphisms in the casein alpha S1 (CSN1S1), beta-casein (CSN2), kappa-casein (CSN3), beta-lactoglobulin (LGB), acyl-CoA diacylglycerol transferase 1 (DGAT1), leptin (LEP), fatty acid synthase (FASN), stearoyl CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), and 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 6 (AGPAT6) genes were genotyped, and association analysis to the SCS in the cow’s milk was performed. Further, the impact of breed, farm, year, month of the year, lactation stage and parity on the SCS were analysed. Phenotype correlations among SCS and milk constituents were computed by Pearson correlation coefficients. Results: Only CSN2 genotypes A1/A2 were found to have significant association with the SCS (p<0.05), and alleles of CSN1S1 and DGAT1 genes (p<0.05). Other polymorphisms were not found to be significant. SCS had significant association with the combined effect of farm and year, lactation stage and month of the year. Lactation parity and breed had not significant association with SCS. The phenotypic correlation of SCS to lactose content was negative and significant, while the correlation to protein content was positive and significant. The correlations of SCS to fat, casein, nonfat solids, urea, citric acid, acetone and ketones contents were very low and not significant. Conclusion: Only CSN2 genotypes, CSN1S1 and DGAT1 alleles did show an obvious association to the SCS. The results confirmed the importance of general quality management of farms on the microbial milk quality, and effects of lactation stage and month of the year. The lactose content in milk reflects the health status of the udder. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of gene polymorphisms and nongenetic factors on the somatic cell score (SCS) in the milk of Holstein (n = 148) and Simmental (n = 73) cows and their crosses (n = 6).Methods: The SCS was calculated by the formula SCS = log2(SCC/100,000)+3, where SCC is the somatic cell count. Polymorphisms in the casein alpha S1 (CSN1S1), beta-casein (CSN2), kappa-casein (CSN3), beta-lactoglobulin (LGB), acyl-CoA diacylglycerol transferase 1 (DGAT1), leptin (LEP), fatty acid synthase (FASN), stearoyl CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), and 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 6 (AGPAT6) genes were genotyped, and association analysis to the SCS in the cow’s milk was performed. Further, the impact of breed, farm, year, month of the year, lactation stage and parity on the SCS were analysed. Phenotype correlations among SCS and milk constituents were computed by Pearson correlation coefficients.Results: Only CSN2 genotypes A1/A2 were found to have significant association with the SCS (p<0.05), and alleles of CSN1S1 and DGAT1 genes (p<0.05). Other polymorphisms were not found to be significant. SCS had significant association with the combined effect of farm and year, lactation stage and month of the year. Lactation parity and breed had not significant association with SCS. The phenotypic correlation of SCS to lactose content was negative and significant, while the correlation to protein content was positive and significant. The correlations of SCS to fat, casein, nonfat solids, urea, citric acid, acetone and ketones contents were very low and not significant.Conclusion: Only CSN2 genotypes, CSN1S1 and DGAT1 alleles did show an obvious association to the SCS. The results confirmed the importance of general quality management of farms on the microbial milk quality, and effects of lactation stage and month of the year. The lactose content in milk reflects the health status of the udder.

Physiochemical characteristics and fermentation ability of milk from Czech Fleckvieh cows are related to genetic polymorphisms of β-casein, κ-casein, and β-lactoglobulin

Jitka Kyselova,Katerina Jecminkova,Jitka Matejickova,Oto Hanus,Tomas Kott,Miloslava Stipkova,Michaela Krejcova 아세아·태평양축산학회 2019 Animal Bioscience Vol.32 No.1

Objective: The aim of the study was to find a possible association between the β- and κ-casein and β-lactoglobulin genotypes and important milk physiochemical and technological characteristics such as acidity, alcohol stability, the contents of some minerals and the parameters of acid fermentation ability (FEA) in Czech Fleckvieh Cattle. Methods: Milk and blood samples were collected from 338 primiparous Czech Fleckvieh cows at the same stage of lactation. The genotypes of individual cows for κ-casein (alleles A, B, and E) and β-lactoglobulin (alleles A and B) were ascertained by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism, while their β-casein (alleles A1, A2, A3, and B) genotype was determined using melting curve genotyping analysis. The data collected were i) milk traits including active acidity (pH), titratable acidity (TA), alcohol stability (AS); calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), and potassium (K) contents; and ii) yoghurt traits including active acidity (Y-pH), titratable acidity (Y-TA), and the counts of both Lactobacilli and Streptococci in 1 mL of yoghurt. A linear model was assumed with fixed effects of herd, year, and season of calving, an effect of the age of the cow at first calving and effects of the casein and lactoglobulin genotypes of β-CN (β-casein, CSN2), κ-CN (κ-casein, CSN3), and β-LG (β-lactoglobulin, LGB), or the three-way interaction between those genes. Results: The genetic polymorphisms were related to the milk TA, AS, content of P and Ca, Y-pH and Lactobacilli number in the fresh yoghurt. The CSN3 genotype was significantly associated with milk AS (p<0.05). The effect of the composite CSN2-CSN3-LGB genotype on the investigated traits mostly reflected the effects of the individual genes. It significantly influenced TA (p<0.01), Y-pH (p<0.05) and the log of the Lactobacilli count (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our findings indicate that the yoghurt fermentation test together with milk proteins genotyping could contribute to milk quality control and highlight new perspectives in dairy cattle selection.

The effect of extended lactation on parameters of Wood’s model of lactation curve in dairy Simmental cows

Kopec Tomáš,Chládek Gustav,Falta Daniel,Kučera Josef,Večeřa Milan,Hanuš Oto 아세아·태평양축산학회 2021 Animal Bioscience Vol.34 No.6

Objective: This study was focused on the estimation of parameters of Wood’s model and description of the lactation curve using the cows which were lactated over 24 months on the first lactation. Methods: The database included 1,333 pure-bred dairy Simmental primiparous cows which lactated for 24 months (732 days). The initial dataset entering the procedure of assessment of parameters of Wood’s function included 35,826 milk yield records. Milk yield was recorded throughout lactation, with the earliest record taken on day 6 and the latest on day 1,348 of lactation. This dataset was used for the assessment of parameters a, b, c of Wood’s model using the non-linear statistical procedure. These parameters were estimated for different length of lactation. The assessed parameters were used for calculation of some characteristics of lactation curves. Results: The lowest value of a parameter (15.2317) of Wood’s model of lactation curve was found out in lactations up to 305 days long, contrary to b and c parameters which were highest in those lactations (0.1029 and 0.0015, respectively). The maximum value of a parameter (17.4329) was found out in lactations up to 640 days long, unlike b and c parameters which were minimal in those lactations (0.0603 and 0.0010, respectively). Conclusion: It can be concluded that the parameters of Wood’s model and the shape of lactation curve are changing with the growing number of milk yield records. Also, the assessed parameters revealed a significant milk production potential after 305 days of lactation. Objective: This study was focused on the estimation of parameters of Wood’s model and description of the lactation curve using the cows which were lactated over 24 months on the first lactation.Methods: The database included 1,333 pure-bred dairy Simmental primiparous cows which lactated for 24 months (732 days). The initial dataset entering the procedure of assessment of parameters of Wood’s function included 35,826 milk yield records. Milk yield was recorded throughout lactation, with the earliest record taken on day 6 and the latest on day 1,348 of lactation. This dataset was used for the assessment of parameters <i>a</i>, <i>b</i>, <i>c</i> of Wood’s model using the non-linear statistical procedure. These parameters were estimated for different length of lactation. The assessed parameters were used for calculation of some characteristics of lactation curves.Results: The lowest value of a parameter (15.2317) of Wood’s model of lactation curve was found out in lactations up to 305 days long, contrary to <i>b</i> and <i>c</i> parameters which were highest in those lactations (0.1029 and 0.0015, respectively). The maximum value of <i>a</i> parameter (17.4329) was found out in lactations up to 640 days long, unlike <i>b</i> and <i>c</i> parameters which were minimal in those lactations (0.0603 and 0.0010, respectively).Conclusion: It can be concluded that the parameters of Wood’s model and the shape of lactation curve are changing with the growing number of milk yield records. Also, the assessed parameters revealed a significant milk production potential after 305 days of lactation.

In vivo MRI based prostate cancer localization with random forests and auto-context model

Qian, C.,Wang, L.,Gao, Y.,Yousuf, A.,Yang, X.,Oto, A.,Shen, D. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2016 Computerized medical imaging and graphics Vol.52 No.-

Prostate cancer is one of the major causes of cancer death for men. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is being increasingly used as an important modality to localize prostate cancer. Therefore, localizing prostate cancer in MRI with automated detection methods has become an active area of research. Many methods have been proposed for this task. However, most of previous methods focused on identifying cancer only in the peripheral zone (PZ), or classifying suspicious cancer ROIs into benign tissue and cancer tissue. Few works have been done on developing a fully automatic method for cancer localization in the entire prostate region, including central gland (CG) and transition zone (TZ). In this paper, we propose a novel learning-based multi-source integration framework to directly localize prostate cancer regions from in vivo MRI. We employ random forests to effectively integrate features from multi-source images together for cancer localization. Here, multi-source images include initially the multi-parametric MRIs (i.e., T2, DWI, and dADC) and later also the iteratively-estimated and refined tissue probability map of prostate cancer. Experimental results on 26 real patient data show that our method can accurately localize cancerous sections. The higher section-based evaluation (SBE), combined with the ROC analysis result of individual patients, shows that the proposed method is promising for in vivo MRI based prostate cancer localization, which can be used for guiding prostate biopsy, targeting the tumor in focal therapy planning, triage and follow-up of patients with active surveillance, as well as the decision making in treatment selection. The common ROC analysis with the AUC value of 0.832 and also the ROI-based ROC analysis with the AUC value of 0.883 both illustrate the effectiveness of our proposed method.

MRI-based prostate cancer detection with high-level representation and hierarchical classification

Zhu, Y.,Wang, L.,Liu, M.,Qian, C.,Yousuf, A.,Oto, A.,Shen, D. Published for the American Association of Physicis 2017 Medical physics Vol.44 No.3