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Diagnostic Pearls of Vulvar Epidermolytic Acanthoma: Case Report
Navid Farahbakhsh,Colton Nielson,Eric Rudnick,Salma Pothiawala,Vincek Vladimir 대한피부과학회 2022 Annals of Dermatology Vol.34 No.3
Epidermolytic acanthomas (EA) are uncommon benign tumors clinically presenting as single to multiple papules. Histologically, EA display hyperkeratosis, hypergranulosis, acan- thosis, and epidermal degeneration—also known as epidermolytic hyperkeratosis (EH). EA may be misdiagnosed as condyloma both clinically and histopathologically when located on the genitalia. Thus, this diagnosis carries a significant psychological burden and must remain in the differential when initially considering genital warts. We utilize the case of a 62-year old female referred to dermatology for a 5-year history of multiple pruritic and hy- popigmented vulvar papules—misdiagnosed as genital warts—to highlight the impact of differentiating EA from genital warts. This patient was initially misdiagnosed with common genital warts at her gynecologist’s office and treated unsuccessfully for years. A shave biopsy was performed and histology revealed EH, consistent with EA.
Evaluating the Prediction of Breast Cancer Survival Using Lymph Node Ratio
Man Hung,Julie Xu,Dominique Nielson,Jerry Bounsanga,Yushan Gu,Alec Roger Hansen,Maren Wright Voss 한국유방암학회 2018 Journal of breast cancer Vol.21 No.3
Purpose: Previous oncological studies showed that lymph node ratio (LNR) (ratio of number of lymph nodes that tested positive for metastasis to the total number of lymph nodes examined) is a negative indicator of cancer survival. The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system incorporates tumor size, lymph node involvement, and metastasis in a comprehensive model of cancer progression, but LNR alone has been shown to outperform the AJCC system in prognostic and survival predictions for various types of cancer. The effectiveness of LNR has not been evaluated in breast cancer staging. Evaluating LNR for predicting cancer staging in breast cancer has the potential to improve treatment recommendations. Methods: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results dataset was used to identify 10,655 breast cancer patients who underwent nodal evaluation from 2010 to 2013, and their LNRs were calculated. Descriptive statistics of lymph node evaluation in the patients are provided. Logistic regression with LNR as the continuous independent variable was conducted to determine whether LNR could predict cancer progression, coded as regional or distant. Analysis was conducted using SPSS version 24. Results: Patient’s mean age was 59.43±18.62. Logistic regression analysis revealed that for every 1.3% increase in LNR, the odds of falling into the distant stage of the TNM staging system increased by 13.7% (odds ratio, 14.73; 95% confidence interval, 12.00–18.08). Conclusion: LNR, while correlated with breast cancer staging, serves as a better predictor of survival. Precision staging can influence treatment modality, and improved treatments can significantly improve quality of life. Additional research and diagnostic examinations using LNR as a potential tool for accurate staging in breast cancer patients are warranted.
Moayyeri, Alireza,Hsu, Yi-Hsiang,Karasik, David,Estrada, Karol,Xiao, Su-Mei,Nielson, Carrie,Srikanth, Priya,Giroux, Sylvie,Wilson, Scott G.,Zheng, Hou-Feng,Smith, Albert V.,Pye, Stephen R.,Leo, Paul J IRL Press 2014 Human molecular genetics Vol.23 No.11
<P>Quantitative ultrasound of the heel captures heel bone properties that independently predict fracture risk and, with bone mineral density (BMD) assessed by X-ray (DXA), may be convenient alternatives for evaluating osteoporosis and fracture risk. We performed a meta-analysis of genome-wide association (GWA) studies to assess the genetic determinants of heel broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA; <I>n</I> = 14 260), velocity of sound (VOS; <I>n</I> = 15 514) and BMD (<I>n</I> = 4566) in 13 discovery cohorts. Independent replication involved seven cohorts with GWA data (<I>in silico n</I> = 11 452) and new genotyping in 15 cohorts (<I>de novo n</I> = 24 902). In combined random effects, meta-analysis of the discovery and replication cohorts, nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) had genome-wide significant (<I>P</I> < 5 × 10<SUP>−8</SUP>) associations with heel bone properties. Alongside SNPs within or near previously identified osteoporosis susceptibility genes including <I>ESR1</I> (6q25.1: rs4869739, rs3020331, rs2982552), <I>SPTBN1</I> (2p16.2: rs11898505), <I>RSPO3</I> (6q22.33: rs7741021), <I>WNT16</I> (7q31.31: rs2908007), <I>DKK1</I> (10q21.1: rs7902708) and <I>GPATCH1</I> (19q13.11: rs10416265), we identified a new locus on chromosome 11q14.2 (rs597319 close to <I>TMEM135</I>, a gene recently linked to osteoblastogenesis and longevity) significantly associated with both BUA and VOS (<I>P</I> < 8.23 × 10<SUP>−14</SUP>). In meta-analyses involving 25 cohorts with up to 14 985 fracture cases, six of 10 SNPs associated with heel bone properties at <I>P</I> < 5 × 10<SUP>−6</SUP> also had the expected direction of association with any fracture (<I>P</I> < 0.05), including three SNPs with <I>P</I> < 0.005: 6q22.33 (rs7741021), 7q31.31 (rs2908007) and 10q21.1 (rs7902708). In conclusion, this GWA study reveals the effect of several genes common to central DXA-derived BMD and heel ultrasound/DXA measures and points to a new genetic locus with potential implications for better understanding of osteoporosis pathophysiology.</P>
Nitidulidae (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea) of Vanuatu
Hadden Rachael A.,Saxton Natalie A.,Gerlach Peter S.,Nielson Parker L.,Brown Samuel D.J.,Bybee Seth M.,Powell Gareth S. 한국응용곤충학회 2020 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.23 No.2
A checklist to the Nitidulidae of Vanuatu is provided based on a combination of historical museum specimens and recent field expeditions. A dichotomous key to the described species recorded from the country is provided. Specific data per island is given where available; in addition, broader distributions are outlined for each described taxon. Several undescribed taxa are listed but not described until further work can be done in the region. A discussion of the movement of invasive Nitidulidae throughout Vanuatu is also included with an emphasis on the relationship between increases in human movement and commerce and the number of invasive species present. This discussion is extended to other islands in Vanuatu that have not yet been sampled in an attempt to predict the presence of invasive species.