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MASUD,김환규 한국고분자학회 2021 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.46 No.1
To get highly efficient quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (QSS-DSSCs) using polymer gel electrolytes (PGEs), well-defined ABA triblock copolymers ([Poly(methyl methacrylate)]2-block-poly(ethylene glycol)) with different end functionality and components of I-/I3- liquid electrolytes (LEs) are studied and optimized for the fabrication of PGE-based QSS-DSSCs. Due to the high reactivity and toxicity of sulfur-containing trithiocarbonate end groups, ABA triblock copolymers prepared from RAFT polymerization are modified to sulfur-free various end functional triblock copolymers by radical-induced exchange reactions. After optimization, the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) for QSS-DSSCs achieved under simulated 1-sun illumination is up to 10.34%, which is comparable with the highest PCE of 10.39% for LE-DSSCs. Carboxylic acid end functional triblock copolymer can be a promising candidate as a sulfur-free polymeric matrix for gel electrolytes of QSS-DSSCs.
The Effectiveness of PAN-based Polymers for Quasi-Solid-State Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
MASUD,김환규 한국고분자학회 2021 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.46 No.2
Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based polymer is a promising material to convert liquid electrolyte to gel state because of its high cation solvating ability and excellent mechanical strength. However, the PAN-based polymers exhibit poor solubility in acetonitrile (ACN) based solvent due to the strong dipole-dipole interaction among polymer chains. Copolymerization with other suitable monomers can solve the solubility problem and improve solvent retention ability. The PAN-based block copolymers, which are soluble in ACN solvent, can be highly effective materials as polymer gel electrolytes (PGEs) in quasi solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (QSS-DSSCs). PAN-based PGEs can compete with liquid electrolytes in terms of photovoltaic performance and stability. Our developed PAN-based PGEs can be potential candidates for QSS-indoor DSSCs to power low light electronics and autonomous IoT devices commercially. For outdoor application, further enhancement of the stability of the device is required.
Corporate Governance and Bank Performance during COVID-19: Evidence from Bangladesh
Md Masud CHOWDHURY(Md Masud CHOWDHURY ) 한국유통과학회 2023 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.10 No.2
The radical Coronavirus (COVID-19) has swiftly unfolded everywhere globally; it continues to unfold uncontrollably and critically, affecting all economies. The pandemic is not only a health issue but also has distinct effects on the global economy and enterprises. The impact of this novel Coronavirus is also well-documented in the financial sector. This study aims to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on corporate governance and banks’ financial performance. Moreover, this study also examines the impact of corporate governance on banks’ performance in Bangladesh. The study uses return on equity, return on assets, non-performing loans, return on investment, and earnings per share to measure the performance of the banks. And characteristics of corporate governance are measured by board size, number of independent directors on the board, number of female directors on the board, number of board meetings, and number of members in the audit committee. The study uses descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, t-test, and panel regression analysis. The study finds that COVID-19 significantly impacts the banks’ performance and some corporate governance characteristics. The study also reveals that corporate governance significantly impacts the financial performance of commercial banks. The findings of this study suggest that banks should concentrate more on corporate governance.
COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON INDIGENOUS STARTER CULTURE STRAINS FOR THEIR RATE OF ACID PRODUCTION
Masud, T.,Sultana, K.,Kausar, R. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1992 Animal Bioscience Vol.5 No.3
Three strains each of L. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus isolated from indigenous dahi were examined for their rate of acid production and corresponding pH values in skim milk medium incubated at $40^{\circ}C$. No significant increase in titrable acidity or decrease in pH were recorded from initial period up to 2nd hour in both the strains. Following this period, however, there was a continuous increase in titrable acidity and a decrease in pH value in the milk for all the tested strains. Further it was observed that there was a variation among these strains for their acid production rate. High rate of acid production was recorded for the L. bulgaricus as compared to S. thermophilus. The results further, suggested that efforts should be made to select a proper pair of L. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus according to their rate of acid production, at a particular temperature in order to produce a good quality product.
Is there a Clash of Civilizations? Cultures and Institutions across Civilizations
Masud Chand 사람과세계경영학회 2022 Global Business and Finance Review Vol.27 No.3
Purpose: We analyze how countries are similar and different in terms of cultures and institutions and the extent to which they can be grouped into civilizations. This is based on Huntington’s (1993,1996) framework that states there are major cultural and institutional differences between civilizations. Design/methodology/approach: Cultural and institutional data were collected on all available countries. For culture, Hofstede index was used. For institutions, scores were used for the Index of Democracy, the Index of Economic Freedom, Freedom in the World Index, the Global Gender Gap Index, the Press Freedom Index, and the Corruption Perceptions Index. The countries were grouped along the lines of Huntington’s civilizations and their scores analyzed. Findings: The results reveal that differences across civilizations are significant and extend across cultures and institutions. Across the nine civilizations, there were significant differences in five of the six cultural dimensions as well as in all the institutions. Research limitations/implications: Cultural differences across civilizations could point to pervasive differences on issues such as values, motivation, and management norms. Institutional differences across civilizations could represent differences in values that societies attach to different aspects of their institutional environment. Future studies using longitudinal data could help build on our findings. Originality/value: The use of both cultural and institutional measures to cluster countries into civilizations is a major contribution of this study. The clash of civilizations framework is analyzed relative to other studies on country clusters contributing to the discussion on supranational cultural clusters. The study would be valuable to cross-cultural researchers, international business academics and practitioners.