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Adriano Cressoni Araujo,Elen Landgraf Guiguer,Sandra Maria Barbalho,Patricia C. S. Bueno,Juliana Agostinho Lopes,Bruna Ferreira da Silva,Letı´cia Cabrini Girotto,Marina Guirro de Paula,Paulo Vitor Zeb 한국식품영양과학회 2016 Journal of medicinal food Vol.19 No.1
Joannesia princeps is a plant commonly used in folk medicine as laxative for menstrual discomfort and as antihelminthic and antimicrobial to reduce edema and improve tissue healing. The seeds are used in many regions of Brazil as laxative; however, studies are needed to confirm its effectiveness and safety. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of using seeds of this plant on intestinal motility of Wistar rats, evaluate the effects and acute toxicity of its management, as well as determine its phytochemical profile. The evaluation of the effect on the intestinal motility was performed according to the model described by Michelin and Salgado (2004) with modifications. For the evaluation of acute toxicity, we used the model described by Craveiro et al. (2008) and Goloni et al. (2005), and for the analysis of the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, anthraquinones, steroids, and other components, we used the method described by Carvalho et al. (2006). The results showed that J. princeps exhibits laxative effects similar to those of Senna species such as Cassia angustifolia and the phytochemical analysis of ethanol and aqueous extracts showed the presence of alkaloids, triterpenes, and/or steroids compounds. Acute toxicity showed in the first 12 h: piloerection, contortion, decreased respiratory rate, diarrhea, and weight loss. After this period, these changes were no longer observed. It was concluded that the seeds of this plant have potential laxative activity, confirming the popular use and that the dose of 5 g/kg can be considered safe for consumption.
Cristiane Aguiar da Costa,Dayane Teixeira Ognibene,Viviane Silva Cristino Cordeiro,Graziele Freitas de Bem,Izabelle Barcellos Santos,Ricardo Andrade Soares,Letı´cia L. de Melo Cunha,Lenize C. R.M. Car 한국식품영양과학회 2017 Journal of medicinal food Vol.20 No.10
Previously, we have demonstrated that the seeds of Euterpe oleracia Mart. (açaí) are rich in polyphenols with antihypertensive and antioxidant properties. This study evaluated the renal protective effects of the hydroalcoholic extract obtained from the seeds of açaí (ASE) fruits in two-kidney, one-clip (2K1C) renovascular hypertension. Young male Wistar rats were used to obtain 2K1C and sham groups. Animals received ASE (200 mg/(kg·day) in drinking water) or vehicle for 40 days. We evaluated serum and urinary parameters, renal structural changes, and oxidative status. The increase in systolic blood pressure of the 2K1C group was accompanied by a decrease in left kidney volume and number of glomeruli, as well as an increase in glomerular volume and collagen deposition. ASE prevented the alterations of these parameters, except the reduced kidney volume. Serum levels of urea and creatinine and urinary protein excretion were increased in the 2K1C group and treatment with ASE improved all these functional parameters. The increased oxidative damage in the 2K1C group, assessed by lipid and protein oxidation, was prevented by ASE. The nitrite content and both expression and activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase-1, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase) were lower in the 2K1C group and restored by ASE. ASE substantially reduced renal injury and prevented renal dysfunction in 2K1C rats probably through its antihypertensive and antioxidant effects, providing a natural resource for treatment and prevention of renovascular hypertension-related abnormalities.
Thiago Caon,Ricardo Augusto Konig,Ariadne Cristiane Cabral da Cruz,Simone Gonc¸alves Cardoso,Carlos Eduardo Maduro Campos,Silvia Lucia Cuffini,Letı´cia Scherer Koester,Cla´udia Maria Oliveira Simo˜es 대한약학회 2013 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.36 No.9
Solid dispersions of saquinavir mesylate containingeither Gelucire 44/14 or poly(ethylene glycol)(PEG) 4000, or mixtures of each carrier with Tween 80 orpolyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) K30 were prepared in order toenhance the drug dissolution rate. These systems wereprepared by the melting method and characterized by X-raypowder diffraction, microscopical techniques, and Ramanspectroscopy aiming to establish a relationship betweenphysicochemical and dissolution properties under differentcooling conditions. Modifications in degree of crystallineorder/disorder over time were observed in preparationswith both carriers. Overall, formulations cooled and stored at -20 C showed less variation in dissolution rates thanthose at 25 C. Although Tween 80 has enhanced theknown self-emulsifying properties of Gelucire 44/14, itscombination with PEG 4000 displayed miscibility problems. The addition of PVP K30 was not the most effectiveapproach in enhancing the dissolution in early steps;however, the drug dissolution was stable after 7 days ofstorage at 25 C. The combination of PEG 4000 and PVPK30 maintained the dissolution properties for 60 and90 days at 25 C/95 % relative humidity and 40 C/75 %(f2 values[50), respectively.