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Rapid Preparation of Total Nucleic Acids from E. coli for Multi-purpose Applications
Cheng, Lin,Li, Tai-Yuan,Zhang, Yi Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2004 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.37 No.3
Separate protocols are commonly used to prepare plasmid DNA, chromosomal DNA, or total RNA from E. coli cells. Various methods for the rapid preparation of plasmid DNA have been developed previously, but the preparation of the chromosomal DNA and total RNA are usually laborious. We report here a simple, fast, reliable, and cost-effective method to extract total nucleic acids from E. coli by direct lysis of the cells with phenol. Five distinct and sharp bands, which correspond to chromosomal DNA, plasmid DNA, 23S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and a mixture of small RNA, were observed when analyzing the prepared total nucleic acids on a regular 1-2% agarose gel. The simple and high-quality preparation of the total nucleic acids in a singe tube allowed us to rapidly screen the recombinant plasmid, as well as to simultaneously monitor the change of the plasmid copy number and rRNA levels during the growth of E. coli in the liquid medium.
A Usage-based Paradigmatic Construction of Over
Cheng Lin,황규홍(Kyu-Hong Hwang) 한국영미어문학회 2021 영미어문학 Vol.- No.141
By virtue of categorization and prototype theories, cognitive semanticists have proposed different models for the polysemy of over since the 1980s. However, the previous studies are problematic in both theory and method. To improve them, this paper argues for usage-based research to construct the polysemy of over in the paradigmatic dimension, following Lin and Hwang’s (2021) analysis of the syntagmatic construction of over. Based on Saeed’s (2016) contextual distinction between vagueness and ambiguity, it proposes an ambiguity analysis, where the fuzzy boundary of two related senses of a lexical polysemy can be interpreted in terms of ambiguity. Drawing on usage-based lexico-grammatical evidence generalized from BNC data, this study sorts out six basic level senses/usages of over. Then, a comparative analysis is made between “above-across” and “covering” usages, of which the result shows that “above-across” over is more typical than “covering” over from the usage-based perspective. What’s more, it also supports a possible connection between the two usages, since “covering” over resembles the “horizontally resting on” association of “above-across” over in both form and meaning.
A Usage-Based Colligational Analysis of Over from a Syntagmatic Dimension
Cheng Lin,Kyu-Hong Hwang 언어과학회 2021 언어과학연구 Vol.- No.98
During the past decades, studies on prepositional polysemy have been carried out mainly under a cognitive linguistic paradigm, applying either a schema-based network approach or a corpus-based contextual approach to semantic analysis. Lin and Hwang (2021a) try to merge the traditional cognitive theories and use theories of meaning, conducting a corpus-driven and usage- based study on the lexical construction of “above-across” over. This paper now aims to further this mode of research by adding grammatical information (colligation) to the overall construction of over. The findings suggest that “above-across” over is typically primed to be associated with intransitive MOTION verbs and singular definite PART or BARRIER nouns in constructing a ‘traversing’ meaning. Combing multifaceted lexico-grammatical information, the study also proposes that “above-across” over is typically primed to represent the most common and noticeable human-nature experiences or meanings observed and constructed by language users.
A 77-GHz FMCW Radar System Using On-Chip Waveguide Feeders in 65-nm CMOS
Chenglin Cui,Seong-Kyun Kim,Reem Song,Jae-Hoon Song,Sangwook Nam,Byung-Sung Kim Professional Technical Group on Microwace Theory a 2015 IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniqu Vol. No.
<P>This paper presents a 77-GHz radar system using a transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx) integrated with on-chip waveguide feeders in 65-nm CMOS. The newly proposed on-chip waveguide feeder shows the insertion loss of about 2 dB and more than 30% bandwidth. Additionally, both the Tx and Rx are integrated with internal ×10 frequency multipliers. Therefore, a radar system can be easily implemented without sensitive millimeter-wave packaging technology by mounting the Tx and Rx chips on the waveguide aperture. The interconnections for the low-frequency reference and baseband signals can be realized on the low-cost FR-4 printed circuit board. The radar system shows 9-dBm output power and 13-dB down-conversion gain from the waveguide port.</P>
Ye, Chenglin,Li, Qiao,Li, Xinyi,Park, Chae Gyu,He, Yingxia,Zhang, Yingmiao,Wu, Bicong,Xue, Ying,Yang, Kun,Lv, Yin,Ying, Xiao-Ling,Ding, Hong-Hui,Cai, Huahua,Alkraiem, Ayman Ahmad,Njiri, Olivia,Tembo, American Society for Microbiology 2019 Infection and immunity Vol.87 No.8
<P><I>Salmonella enterica</I> serovar Typhimurium, a Gram-negative bacterium, can cause infectious diseases ranging from gastroenteritis to systemic dissemination and infection. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this bacterial dissemination have yet to be elucidated. A study indicated that using the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) core as a ligand, <I>S</I>.</P><P><I>Salmonella enterica</I> serovar Typhimurium, a Gram-negative bacterium, can cause infectious diseases ranging from gastroenteritis to systemic dissemination and infection. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this bacterial dissemination have yet to be elucidated. A study indicated that using the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) core as a ligand, <I>S</I>. Typhimurium was able to bind human dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing nonintegrin (hCD209a), an HIV receptor that promotes viral dissemination by hijacking antigen-presenting cells (APCs). In this study, we showed that <I>S</I>. Typhimurium interacted with CD209s, leading to the invasion of APCs and potentially the dissemination to regional lymph nodes, spleen, and liver in mice. Shielding of the exposed LPS core through the expression of O-antigen reduces dissemination and infection. Thus, we propose that similar to HIV, <I>S</I>. Typhimurium may also utilize APCs via interactions with CD209s as a way to disseminate to the lymph nodes, spleen, and liver to initiate host infection.</P>
An adaptive marine predator algorithm based optimization method for hood lightweight design
Zhang Chenglin,He Zhicheng,Li Qiqi,Chen Yong,Chen Shaowei,NIE XINYU 한국CDE학회 2023 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.10 No.3
The lightweight design of the hood is crucial for the structural optimization of an entire vehicle. However, traditional high-fidelity-based lightweight methods are time-consuming due to the complex structures of the hood, and the lightweight results heavily rely on engineering experiences. To this end, an improved adaptive marine predator algorithm (AMPA) is proposed to solve this problem. Compared to the original marine predator algorithm (MPA), the proposed AMPA adapts to optimization problems through three enhancements, including chaotic theory-based initialization, a mixed search strategy, and dynamic partitioning of iteration phases. Experimental comparisons of AMPA, MPA, and eight state-of-the-art algorithms are conducted on IEEE CEC2017 benchmark functions. AMPA outperforms the others in both 30- and 50-dimensional experiments. Friedman and Wilcoxon’s sign-rank tests further confirm AMPA’s superiority and statistical significance. An implicit parametric model of the hood is generated, and the critical design variables are determined through global sensitivity analysis to realize hood lightweight. The stacking method is employed to construct a surrogate meta-model of the hood to accelerate the optimization efficiency of the vehicle hood. Utilizing the meta-model and the proposed AMPA, the hood mass is reduced by 7.43% while all six static and dynamic stiffness metrics are enhanced. The effectiveness of the proposed optimization method is validated through finite element analysis.