바닥취출 공조방식을 적용한 기존 공연장의 열환경 개선효과

황정하(Jung-ha Hwang),이용호(Young-ho Lee) 한국생활환경학회 2002 한국생활환경학회지 Vol.9 No.4

This study focused on the ceiling supply air conditioning system installed in auditoriums with 1,000 seats or less and analyzed, by means of computer simulation, the temperature and velocity distribution together with the predicted mean vote (PMV) of the occupancy zone. The existing ceiling supply air conditioning system has a nozzle air inlet in the ceiling through which air is released. This airflow exceeded the allowable velocity in the occupancy zone I meter above the floor surface, causing a draft. The indoor temperature was 24.7℃ when cooled, 1.3℃ lower than the set air temperature (SAT), and 25.5℃ when heated, 3.5℃ higher than the set air temperature. The Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) of the ceiling supply air conditioning system in the rear seating area of the first floor where the ceiling is relatively low was -0.1~-0.61 when cooled and -0.2~-0.53 when heated. These figures are than those within the comfort zone, indicating the presence of some level of discomfort. As means of improving the ceiling supply air conditioning system, this thesis investigated three systems: the floor supply air ceiling suction system (ALT-1), floor supply air wall suction system (ALT-2), and floor central supply air wall suction system (ALT-3). The most promising data were extracted from the floor supply air wall suction system (ALT-2), known for its superior performance in the thermal environment, when the existing cooling and heating system capacity was reduced by 50%. showed that the velocity distribution in the occupancy zone was within the allowable limit 0.14~0.24 ㎧ when cooled and 0.1~0.28 ㎧ when heated. These levels in the occupancy zone lie within the comfort zone.

소방서건물의 신재생에너지시스템 최적화에 관한 연구

이용호(Lee, Yong-Ho),홍준호(Hong, Jun-Ho),조영흠(Cho, Young-Hum),황정하(Hwang, Jung-Ha) 한국태양에너지학회 2013 한국태양에너지학회 논문집 Vol.33 No.1

This study set out to evaluate the economy, environmentality, and complexity (economy+environmentality) of fire station buildings of public service facilities and propose ways to apply the optimization of renewable energy system to fire station buildings. As for economy according to life cycle costs, economy increased when the application percentage of the geothermal and solar heat system increased over the three renewable energy system types (geothermal, solar heat, and solar photovoltaic). On the other hand, economy decreased when the application percentage of the solar photovoltaic system increased. As for environmentality according to tons of carbon dioxide, environmentality decreased when the application percentage of the geothermal and solar heat system increased. Environmentality increased when the application percentage of the solar photovoltaic system increased. As for complexity (economy+environmentality) according to the weighted coefficient method, complexity increased when the application percentage of the geothermal system increased. It was highest at the combination of the solar heat system (20%) and geothermal system (80%). On the other hand, complexity decreased when the application percentage of the solar photovoltaic system increased. It was lowest at the combination of the solar photovoltaic system (80%) and geothermal system (20%).

공공용 업무시설의 신재생에너지시스템 최적화 연구

이용호(Lee Yong-Ho),서상현(Seo Sang-Hyun),조영흠(Cho Young-Hum),황정하(Hwang Jung-Ha) 한국태양에너지학회 2013 한국태양에너지학회 논문집 Vol.33 No.5

This study set out to devise an optimized system to take into account life cycle cost(LCC)and ton of carbon dioxide(TCO₂)by applying the weighted coefficient method(WCM) to "public-purpose" facility buildings according to the mandatory 5% and 11% of new renewable energy in total construction costs and anticipated energy consumption, respectively, based on the changes of the public obligation system. (1)System installation capacity is applied within the same new renewable energy facility investment according to the mandatory 5% of new renewable energy in total construction costs. Both LCC and TCO₂ recorded in the descending order of geothermal, solar, and photovoltaic energy. The geothermal energy systems tended to exhibit an excellent performance with the increasing installation capacity percentage. (2)Optimal systems include the geothermal energy(100%) system in the category of single systems, the solar energy(12%)+geothermal energy(88%) system in the category of 2-combined systems, and the photovoltaic energy(12%)+solar energy(12%)+geothermal energy(76%) system and the photovoltaic energy(12%)+solar energy(25%)+geothermal energy(63%)system in the category of 3-combined systems. (3)LCC was the highest in the descending order of photovoltaic, geothermal and solar energy due to the influences of each energy source"s correction coefficient according to the mandatory 11% of new renewable energy in anticipated energy consumption. The greater installation capacity percentage photovoltaic energy had, the more excellent tendency was observed. TCO₂ recorded in the descending order of geothermal, photovoltaic and solar energy with the decreasing installation capacity of photovoltaic energy. The greater installation capacity percentage a geothermal energy system had, the more excellent tendency it demonstrated. (4)Optimal systems include the geothermal energy(100%) system in the category of single systems, the photovoltaic energy(62%)+geothermal energy(38%) system in the category of 2-combined systems, and the photovoltaic energy(50%)+solar energy(12%)+geothermal energy(38%) system and the photovoltaic energy(12%)+solar energy(12%)+geothermal energy(76%) system in the category of 3-combined systems.

천장형 냉방기를 이용한 교실의 온열환경 개선에 관한 연구

황정하(Jung-ha Hwang),이용호(Yong-ho Lee),윤준진(Jun-Jin Yun) 한국생활환경학회 2006 한국생활환경학회지 Vol.13 No.1

The purpose of this study is to deduce the optimal operating plan for the classroom ceiling air conditioning system based on air supply variables at the time of cooling operation. To carry out this objective, measuring experiment and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) were performed with variables including supply air temperature, air supply volume and air supply angle of a ceiling air conditioning system. Based on a comparison of the results, classroom temperature and velocity distribution are analyzed, so the air volume distribution can be improved according to the heat generating load of the occupants. Ultimately, through the evaluation and analysis of the occupants' Predicted Mean Vote (PMV), an optimal operating plan for the summer is proposed. Room temperature and velocity distribution stayed in the most stable condition at the temperature setting of 26°C, air supply volume of 4320CMH, and air supply angle of 30°, With regard to the improvement plans based on the occupants' heat generating load, the air supply volume is reduced in the less populated front area, and raised in the more populated right and left sides of the room. Among the proposed improvement plans [ALT-3] in which the air supply volume is reduced by 40% in the front area and 20% at the south and north, exhibited the least difference in room temperature. The occupants' PMV stayed in the comfortable zone ± 1, and the occupants feel comfortable in the range of ±0.5 throughout the entire room.

건물에너지사용특성이 신재생에너지시스템 최적화 비율에 미치는 영향분석

이용호(Yong-Ho Lee),홍준호(Jun-Ho Hong),김용경(Yong-Kyoung Kim),조영흠(Young-Hum Cho),황정하(Jung-Ha Hwang) 한국태양에너지학회 2014 한국태양에너지학회 논문집 Vol.34 No.5

This study developed a KRESS program designed to find the optimization ratio for new and renewable energy systems and analyze the effects of building energy consumption characteristics on the ratio. In spite of clear differences in predicted energy consumption and energy consumption by the loads among 18 facilities, the current formula for obligatory supply ratios applies a correction coefficient according to the building purposes based on energy consumption per each unit area in medical facilities and thus reflects no energy consumption characteristics according to the building purposes. The optimization ratio for new and renewable energy systems was the same for all facilities when the correction coefficients by the building purposes and new and renewable energy sources were all applied. When the correction coefficients were not applied, however, the optimization ratio varied according to building energy consumption characteristics. The findings raise a need to test the correction coefficients in order to select new and renewable energy systems that take into account energy consumption characteristics by the building purposes and loads and reflect economy, environmental performance, and technology.

건물 옥상외기와 실내배기를 활용한 풍력발전시스템 적용 연구

이용호(Lee Yong-Ho),박진철(Park Jin-Chul),황정하(Hwang Jung-Ha) 한국태양에너지학회 2014 한국태양에너지학회 논문집 Vol.34 No.1

This study proposed a wind power generation system utilizing outdoor air on the rooftop and indoor ventilation, which would increase according to the building height, as a way to help to save energy consumption in a building by using wind power energy of the new renewable energy sources. The study measured the distribution of air currents and power generation according to the usage factor of exhaust pipes in the kitchen and bathroom and identified the elements to consider when applying a wind power generation system to buildings in order to use outdoor air on the rooftop increasing according to the height and the indoor ventilation produced in the facility vertical shafts inside the buildings by installing a wind power generation system on the rooftop. (1) The study measured the ventilation velocity of the kitchen hood and bathroom ventilation fan by changing the zone areas by the households according to the usage factor of[α]=33∼100%. As a result, the kitchen ventilation pipe generated the ventilation wind of 3.0㎧ or more at the usage factor of[α]66% or higher, and the bathroom ventilation pipe generated ventilation velocity lower than 3.0㎧, the blade velocity of the wind power generator, even after the usage factor rose to[α]=100%. (2) As the old bathroom ventilation pipe generated the ventilation velocity of 3.0㎧, the blade velocity of the wind power generator, even with the rising usage factor[α], the application of an outdoor air induction module increased the ventilation velocity by 2.9㎧ at the usage factor of [α]=33%, 3.8㎧ at the usage factor of [α]=66%, and 3.6㎧ at the usage factor of [α]=100%. Thus the ventilation velocity of 3.0㎧, the blade velocity of the wind power generator, or higher was secured. (3) The findings prove that the applicability of a wind power generation system using outdoor air on the rooftop and indoor ventilation is excellent, which raises a need for various efforts to increase the possibility of its commercialization such as securing its structural stability according to momentary gusts on the rooftop and typhoons in summer and making the structure light to react to the wind directions of outdoor air on the rooftop according to the seasons.

바닥취출 공조방식 사무공간의 실내 온도 및 기류 평가

이용호(Yong-ho Lee),Jae-dong Chang,황정하(Jung-ha Hwang),Jong-jin Kim 한국생활환경학회 2004 한국생활환경학회지 Vol.11 No.1

This paper discusses the design conditions for achieving thermal comfort through the use of an underfloor air conditioning system. For the research both computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and physical experiment were implemented. The variables were supply air temperature, supply air volume, and supply air throw angle. Studies of both the CFD simulations and physical experiment indicated that for cooling conditions indoor air temperature and air velocity distribution were most uniform at a supply air temperature of 21.5℃, supply air volume of 272CMH, and a throw angle of 90°. For heating, conditions were most uniform at a supply air temperature of 28℃, supply air volume of 272CMH, and a throw angle of 60°.

외기유인형 주방ㆍ욕실 배기구의 기류측정 분석

이용호(Lee, Yong-Ho),김성용(Kim, Seong-Yong),박진철(Park, Jin-Chul),황정하(Hwang, Jung-Ha) 한국태양에너지학회 2012 한국태양에너지학회 논문집 Vol.32 No.6

This study conducted experiments to measure air currents in an experimental building according to external conditions, types of induction ducts, and types of internal sockets by applyingan external induction duct comprised of inducing openings and lines and induction units to the kitchen and bathroom vents at the rooftop of a super high-rise apartment building in order to help to improve the venting performance.The study also proposed the optimization of the external induction-style kitchen and bathroom vents capable of wind power generation. (1) As for air current distribution according to vent velocity changes, it increased the venting performance of the kitchen and bathroom by 1.0㎧ at ventvelocity of 2.0㎧ or higher and allowed for wind power generation. (2)As for air current distribution according to external velocity changes, it increased the venting performance of the kitchen and bathroom by 1.2㎧ at external velocity of 2.0㎧ or higher and allowed for wind power generation. (3) As for air currentdistribution according to wind direction changes (0∼180°), it was favorable for higher vent velocity when the angle between the external induction duct direction and prevailing wind direction was within±30°. (4) As for air current distribution according to induction duct type, the [M1] type combining the inducing opening sand lines with the induction units recorded the highest improvement effects in the kitchen and bathroom venting performance by increasing vent velocity by 46%. (5) As for air current distribution according to the changing types of internal sockets where them ainducts of the kitchen and bathroom are connected to the external induction ducts, the venturi tube type[Sv]increasedventvelocity by 66% based on the smoothest external inflow.

공공건축물의 신재생에너지 적용과 에너지 사용량 분석

이용호(Lee Yong-Ho),서상현(Seo Sang-Hyun),김형진(Kim Hyung-Jin),조영흠(Cho Young-Hum),황정하(Hwang Jung-Ha) 한국태양에너지학회 2012 한국태양에너지학회 논문집 Vol.32 No.3

This study conducted a survey and field investigation on the application of the Public Obligation System for new & renewable energy in public buildings, as well as energy consumption of each building according to their uses. The findings are as follows: (1) Since the introduction of the Public Obligation System (until June 30,2011), there was average 1.4 new & renewable energy facilities established at 1,433 places. Preference for solar energy facilities was the highest at 57.8%. (2) The revised act sets the obligatory supply percentage of new & renewable energy for each public building: it is 9.0% for a tax office, 4.2% for a dong office, 8.2% for a public health center, and 12.6% for a fire station. All the public buildings except for fire stations failed to meet 10% expected energy consumption, a revised standard. (3) Energy consumption of each public building was was 120.6TOE for a tax office, 124.3TOE for a dong office, 166.4TOE for a public health center, and 174.6TOE for a fire station. The energy consumption was comprised of 80% electric power, 18% urban gas, and 1% oil. (4) Electric power consumption per person in the room was high at a dong office, and fuel consumption per person in the room was high at a public health center. In addition, electric power consumption per unit space was high at a public health center, and fuel consumption per unit space was high at a fire station. (5) In all the four public buildings, power load had the highest basic unit percentage at average 55%, being followed by heating load (21.200), cooling load (15%), and water heating load (7%). A tax office and fire station had 2% load due to cooking facilities.

초고층 공동주택의 주방·욕실 배기 풍속을 풍력발전에 활용하는 방안

이용호(Lee Yong-Ho),김성용(Kim Seong-Yong),황정하(Hwang Jung-Ha),박진철(Park Jin-Chul) 한국태양에너지학회 2012 한국태양에너지학회 논문집 Vol.32 No.3

The purpose of this study was to promote the utilization of wind velocity of kitchen and bathroom exhaust ducts for wind power generation in high-rise apartments. The research content can be summarized as follows: 1) Nine high-rise apartments were examined for the installation of kitchen and bathroom exhaust ducts located in the pipe shaft (PS) section After selecting simulation candidates, a simulation was performed with the STAR-CCM+ Ver 5.06 program. 2) Of nine high-rise apartments, seven hal kitchen and bathroom exhaust ducts, whose cross section was in the range of 0.16㎡~0.4㎡. The area ratio bet ween the exhaust duels and PS section (cross section of exhaust duct / area of PS section x 100) was on average 3.2%. 3) The simulation results were analyzed As a result, the smaller cross section kitchen and bathroom exhaust ducts had, the more advantages there were for increasing exhaust wind velocity. If an out air inlet duel is installed to the old kitchen and bathroom exhaust duels, it will increase exhaust wind velocity by 3.01~3.98㎧ and contribute to the proper wind velocity level (3.0㎧). 4) When the simultaneous usage rete between the kitchen and bathroom exhaust fan increased from 20% to 60%, exhaust wind velocity increased. The "entire households" condition for exhaust fan operation provided more even exhaust wind velocity than the "some households" condition. 5) Exhaust wind velocity increased in the order of amplified (T-3), induced (T-2) and vertical (T-1) top of kitchen ani bathroom exhaust ducts. Of them, the amplified type (T-3) was under the least influence of external wind velocity ani thus the most proper for kitchen and bathroom exhaust duct tops.