http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
The Effects of Low Volume Versus High Volume Sled-Push Training on Muscular Adaptation
( Jeffrey R. Bernard ),( Yi-hung Liao ),( Christian O. Madrigal ),( Joshua D. Levesque ),( Matthew B. Fraze ),( Isaac Del Toro ),( Sukho Lee ) 한국운동생리학회(구 한국운동과학회) 2021 운동과학 Vol.30 No.2
PURPOSE: This study aimed to compare the effects of low-volume and high-volume sled-push resistance training on muscle strength, power, and body composition. METHODS: Twenty-four college students were recruited and matched based on baseline one-repetition maximum (1-RM) into one of the three groups: 1) low volume (LV) resistance training, 2) high volume (HV) resistance training, or 3) control (CON) (n=8 per group). The LV training consisted of five single repetitions of pushing a weighted sled for 9.1 m. The HV training consisted of three sets of five repetitions of pushing a weighted sled for 9.1 m. Training consisted of three weekly workouts performed on nonconsecutive days for 6 weeks. This study utilized a pre-test and post-test design consisting of 1-RM, Wingate power test, standing long jump, vertical jump, and body composition. RESULTS: After 6 weeks of training, there was a similar but significant increase in 1-RM in both training groups (pre-test: LV=226.8±14.8 kg vs. HV=217.7±19.5 kg; post-test: LV=298.5±15 kg vs. HV=286.9±16 kg, p< .001). However, no improvements were observed in the Wingate power test, standing long jump, vertical jump, or body composition in both training and CON groups (p >.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results suggested that low-volume resistance training was as effective as a high-volume protocol for improving muscle strength. However, the present study was unable to determine the effects on muscle power and body composition.
Cho, Sunghee,Moon, Heegyum,Loh, Tiing Jen,Oh, Hyun Kyung,Kim, Hey-Ran,Shin, Myung-Geun,Liao, D. Joshua,Zhou, Jianhua,Zheng, Xuexiu,Shen, Haihong Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2014 The Scientific World Journal Vol.2014 No.-
<P>Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a human genetic disease which occurs because of the deletion or mutation of SMN1 gene. SMN1 gene encodes the SMN protein which plays a key role in spliceosome assembly. Although human patients contain SMN2, a duplicate of SMN1, splicing of SMN2 produces predominantly exon 7 skipped isoform. In order to understand the functions of splice site sequences on exon 7 and 8, we analyzed the effects of conserved splice site sequences on exon 7 skipping of SMN2 and SMN1 pre-mRNA. We show here that conserved 5′ splice site sequence of exon 7 promoted splicing of nearby exons and subsequently reduced splicing of distant exons. However, to our surprise, conserved 3′ splice site sequence of exon 7 and 8 did not promote splicing of nearby exons. By contrast, the mutation inhibited splicing of nearby exons and subsequently promoted splicing of distant exons. Our study shows that 3′ splice sites of exon 7 and 8 contain enhancer for their splice site selection, in addition to providing cleavage sites.</P>
Isoforms of wild type proteins often appear as low molecular weight bands on SDS-PAGE.
Zhang, Ju,Lou, Xiaomin,Shen, Haihong,Zellmer, Lucas,Sun, Yuan,Liu, Siqi,Xu, Ningzhi,Liao, D Joshua Wiley 2014 Biotechnology Journal Vol.9 No.8
<P>Immunoblotting, after polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS-PAGE), is a technique commonly used to detect specific proteins. SDS-PAGE often results in the visualization of protein band(s) in addition to the one expected based on the theoretical molecular mass (TMM) of the protein of interest. To determine the likelihood of additional band(s) being nonspecific, we used liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry to identify proteins that were extracted from bands with the apparent molecular mass (MM) of 40 and 26 kD, originating from protein extracts derived from non-malignant HEK293 and cancerous MDA-MB231 (MB231) cells separated using SDS-PAGE. In total, approximately 57% and 21% of the MS/MS spectra were annotated as peptides in the two cell samples, respectively. Moreover, approximately 24% and 36.2% of the identified proteins from HEK293 and MB231 cells matched their TMMs. Of the identified proteins, 8% from HEK293 and 26% from MB231 had apparent MMs that were larger than predicted, and 67% from HEK293 and 37% from MB231 exhibited smaller MM values than predicted. These revelations suggest that interpretation of the positive bands of immunoblots should be conducted with caution. This study also shows that protein identification performed by mass spectrometry on bands excised from SDS-PAGE gels could make valuable contributions to the identification of cancer biomarkers, and to cancer-therapy studies.</P>
( Miao Wang ),( Shao Hua Wang ),( Gong Li Zong ),( Zhong Wen Hou ),( Fei Liu ),( D Joshua Liao ),( Xi Qiang Zhu ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2016 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.26 No.2
Natamycin is a widely used antifungal antibiotic. For natamycin biosynthesis, the gene pimE encodes cholesterol oxidase, which acts as a signalling protein. To confirm the positive effect of the gene pimE on natamycin biosynthesis, an additional copy of the gene pimE was inserted into the genome of Streptomyces gilvosporeus 712 under the control of the ermE* promoter (permE*) using intergeneric conjugation. Overexpression of the target protein engendered 72% and 81% increases in the natamycin production and cell productivity, respectively, compared with the control strain. Further improvement in the antibiotic production was achieved in a 1 L fermenter to 7.0 g/l, which was a 153% improvement after 120 h cultivation. Exconjugants highly expressing pimE and pimM were constructed to investigate the effects of both genes on the increase of natamycin production. However, the co-effect of pimE and pimM did not enhance the antibiotic production obviously, compared with the exconjugants highly expressing pimE only. These results suggest not only a new application of cholesterol oxidase but also a useful strategy to genetically engineer natamycin production.
Loh, Tiing Jen,Moon, Heegyum,Cho, Sunghee,Jang, Hana,Liu, Yong Chao,Tai, Hongmei,Jung, Da-Woon,Williams, Darren R,Kim, Hey-Ran,Shin, Myung-Geun,Liao, D Joshua,Zhou, Jianhua,Shi, Wei,Zheng, Xuexiu,Shen National Hellenic Research Foundation 2015 ONCOLOGY REPORTS Vol.34 No.3
<P>CD44 is a transmembrane receptor for hyaluronic acid. CD44 pre-mRNA contains 19?exons, 9?of which are alternatively spliced. Among the CD44 spliced variants, the v4-7 variant, one of the v6?exon-containing isoforms that contains variable exon?4, 5, 6 and?7, confers metastatic potential to non-metastatic cells. Splicing of CD44 and the function of CD44 isoforms are different in breast cancer cells. hnRNP?A1 is a ubiquitously expressed protein with an inhibitory function in pre-mRNA splicing. We showed that CD44v6 isoform, which includes all of the v6-containing mRNA isoforms, had the highest expression level in non-metatatic breast cancer cells (MCF7) when compared to the level in metastatic breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) and normal breast cells (MCF10A). Furthermore we showed that hnRNP?A1 knockdown regulated splicing of CD44 differently in breast cancer cells. We showed here that CD44 isoform expression is completely different in MDA-MB-231 cells than that in MCF7 and MCF10A cells, whereas MCF7 and MCF10A cells had a similar expression pattern of CD44 isoforms. RT-PCR analysis of CD44v6 showed that MCF7 and MCF10A cells predominantly expressed the c5v6v7v8v9v10c6 isoform. However, in addition to this isoform, MDA-MB-231 cells also expressed the c5v6v8v9v10c6 and c5v6c6 isoforms. We also found that knockdown of hnRNP?A1 significantly reduced the expression of c5v6v7v8v9v10c6 and c5v6v8v9v10c6, and promoted the expression of c5v6c6. hnRNP?A1 knockdown significantly induced cell death. In addition, hnRNP?A1 knockdown induced a decrease in cell invasion in the MDA-MB-231 cells. Our results indicate that the knockdown of hnRNP A1 has a specific function on the splicing of CD44 in breast cancer cells.</P>