Design and Construction of a Quad Tilt-Rotor UAV using Servo Motor

진재우,Masafumi Miwa,심준환 한국공학교육학회 2014 공학교육연구 Vol.17 No.5

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) that have been recently commercialized can largely be divided into fixed-wing aircraft and rotoraircraft by their styles and flight characteristics. Although the fixed-wing aircraft represents higher power efficiency, higher speed, longerflight distance and larger loading weight than the rotor aircraft, they have a disadvantage of requiring a space for take-off and landing. On the other hand, the rotor aircraft can implement vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) and represents various flight modes (hovering,steep bank turns and low-speed flights). But they require both precision take-off control and attitude control. In this study, we useda quad-tilt rotor UAV to combine advantages in both the fixed-wing aircraft and the rotor aircraft. The quad-tilt rotor (QTR) systemwas designed and constructed by adding a tilt device with a servo motor to a general quad-rotor vehicle.

응급 안와 전산화 단층촬영을 시행한 안와골절 환자

진재우,김철,김행재,배택환,정윤석 대한외상학회 1998 大韓外傷學會誌 Vol.11 No.1

In the emergency department, orbital wall fracture which is associated with fracture of basal skull or other facial bones is frequently seen. And orbital wall fractures which may produce cosmetic problems and functional orbital damages are increasing in frequency with the rise in number of traffic accidents, assaults and sport activities. Recently, we reviewed medical records of 54 cases which were taken orbital CT scan in emergency department. These cases were analyzed in age and sex distribution, injury causes, physical findings, anatomical locations, other skull and facial fractures, difficulties of diagnosis, and complications. The diagnosis is based on clinical symptoms and signs and radiologic procedures, but it may be difficult to detect fractures with plain X-rays of orbit because of the superimposition of the shadow by other bony structures. It is important to recognize the associated signs and symptoms in order that the diagnosis should not be missed. And emergency physician should show much attention to its anatomical structure, difficulties of diagnosis with plain orbital films and later cosmetic and functional complications.

중증 외상시 노인군과 젊은군의 예후에 관련된 인자의 비교 고찰

진재우,조준필,이철주,정윤석 대한외상학회 1998 大韓外傷學會誌 Vol.11 No.2

Purpose: To analyze the mechanism of injury, hospital course, functional outcome, and factors influencing outcome for elderly patients md younger patients sustaining major trauma. Methods: From June 1994 to May 1997, we have reviewed retrospectively the 56 patients over 65 years old with lnjury Severity Score(ISS) $gt;10 visiting aur emergency center by trauma and compared to a random group of same number of younger(aged 15-64) patients. The mechanism of injury, body region affected, ISS, shock, Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS), A Severity Characterization Of Trauma(ASCOT), change from level of prehospital function, and mortality. Hospital data was obtained from medical records and follow-up(mean, 21 months) data by telephone for all patients. The chi-square was used to analyze discrete differences between study groups. Numerical data were compared with two-tailed Students t tests, with results presented as the mean standard deviation, P$lt;0.05 was taken as the measure of statistical significance. Results: Motor vehicle accidents were the leading mechanism of injury and main cause of death in both groups. Closed head mjury and extremity fraeture were the most frequent type of injuries in elderly patients. Although younger group had more severe ISS, the older group had higher fatality and complication rate. Factors affecting mortality in elderly patients were shock at admission(p=0.001), low GCS(p$lt;0.001), low Revised Trauma Score(RTS)(p=0.001), low ASCOT(p=0.001) and low ISS(p=0.038). On admission 94.6% of patients were independent, but at discharge only 32.1% of patients were independent functional status(73.2% in younger group). Factors affecting change of functional outcome in elderly patients were GCS(p=0.006), RTS(p=0.04), complication(p=0.006), injury on extremity(p=0.023), many region of injury(p=0.03), and traffic accident(p=0.035). ASCOT score is higher than real survivor rate in both group. This means our outcome is bad. Conclusion: The elderly group had higher mortality rates and complication rates and higher property to make the fuaetianal level worse. Predicted outcome by ASCOT exceeded the real survival rate. We recognized that our management of trauma patients should be analysed for better outcome.

뇌전산화 단층 촬영이 시행된 의식이 명료한 두부 외상 환자

김원,진재우,조준필 대한외상학회 1996 大韓外傷學會誌 Vol.9 No.2

The evaluation and management of patients with alert mental status after head injury remain controversial. Recommendations vary from routine admission without computed tomographic(CT) scanning to mandatory CT scanning and admission to CT scanning without admission for selected patients. Study objective is to determine the clinical value of routine CT of the head in patients with normal mental status after head injury . Methods is a retrospective study of all ages who presented to Ajou university hospital emergency department(tertiary referral center) with alert mentality and underwent CT of the head. Headache was the most significant symptoms after head injury suggesting brain lesion on the CT scanning. The injury mechanisms except rolling down were not signigicant determi nants of brain lesion. Of 309 patients, traumatic intracranial abnormality was identified on CT of the head in 34 patients(11%). Three patients in this group required surgery. All patients were in good prognosis except one death due to intraabdominal injury.

우리 나라 재해 의료의 문제점 : 수원시 재해 대응 훈련의 평가를 통하여 본 ANALYSIS OF EMERGENCY RESPONSE EXERCISE IN THE MOCK DISASTER IN SUWON

곽동진,정윤석,진재우,조준필,김 철,김행재,배택환,김준식 대한응급의학회 1995 대한응급의학회지 Vol.6 No.1

Natural or man-made disasters are serious enough to paralyse the functions of the nation or regional distinct and affect the property and lives of numerous citizens. The first two hours after occurrence of the disaster are critical for determining death or permanent disabilities of the casualties. The current Disaster Medical Service(DMS) System in our country adopts mainly civil defense model which focuses the cause of the accident, compensation of the victims, or reconstruction. So in the initial phase of disaster, the appropriate rescue and emergency treatment is not provided effectively. In order to assess and reorganize the current status of DMS System in Korea, the Department of Emergency Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, planned and conducted an emergency response exercise in Suwon city on April 28, 1995. The exercise, which took place near the Kyunggido Culture and Art Center, coordinated the efforts of the Suwon Fire Department and other related agencies. As well as providing training on emergency response, the exercise was valuable for identifying areas of weakness which will be address in the future.

응급 의료 센터내 사망 환자의 분석

유인술,김준식,진재우,이철주,민영기,조준필 대한응급의학회 1995 대한응급의학회지 Vol.6 No.2

We need the constitute of Emergency medical system that connect prehospital care of inhospital care effectively for optimal treatment of emergency patient. The analysis of actual condition of our emergency medical system, through study of mortality case in emergency medical center will be a aid to the constitute. The authors performed a review on the records of 60 cases who died in Ajou university Emergency medical center during management, since June 1994 to september 1995. Among the 60 patient, 72% were male and 28% were female. In nontrauma patient, 6th decade was many, in trauma patients, 3rd and 5th decade was many. Among the 60 patient, 33% were traumatic cases, 66% were nontraumatic cases. Among the traumatic patients, more than half of the cases were due to motor vehicle accidents. The most frequent time interval from onset of emergent situation to arreving at emergency center was more than 2 hours. The most common transfer method was by 119 ambulance. In most cases, prehospital treatments were not taken. In most cases, initial mental status was comatose, and systolic blood pressure was less than 60 mmHg. Most cardiovascular resuscitation was done in 30 min. to an hour. In cases as traffic accident of ischemic heart disease, where rapid transportation of the patient is critical for the patient's survival, however, in most cases it took more than two hours to bring such patients to hospital, and first aid treatment before arrival to hospital was rare. No prehospital treatment was done to nearly all patient. In many cases the patient was already in under coma or shock state. The inhospital care at emergency center was made relatively quickly and adequately. The mean duration of cardiopulmonary resustation was 30min to one hour. From this study, we could notice the poor quality of prehospital care in the region ,near Ajou university hospital, and we came to know that the improvement of quality of prehospital care was the most important factor to reduce the motality of emergency department patient. that is, in the treatment of emergency patients, weak points has been revealed in the pre-hospital treatment, the improvement of which is important factor for the survival of emergency patients.

소아에서의 독극물 : 임상적 고찰과 중증도 분류 Clinical Analysis and Severity Grading

김원,김행재,김철,진재우,배택환,곽동진 대한응급의학회 1998 대한응급의학회지 Vol.9 No.1

Background: To find out characteristics and classification of toxic agents by clinical analysis of pediatric poisoning and to determine the clinical availability of grading by using MSPC score. Methods: Subjects were patients under 15 years exposed to toxic agents, who visited Ajou university hospital emergency center from June, 1994 to October, 1997. The study was performed retrospectively. Results: The subjects were 126 cases and male to female sex ratio was 1.2:1. Mean age was 29±30 months old. The most common route of exposure was ingestion, following contact, inhalation and bite. The most common reason was mistake by the patient, following mistake by caregiver, suicide attempt and accident. The MSPC score distribution of symptomatic patient was as follows; 1 point: 26 cases(63.4%), 2 point: 12 cases(29.2%), 3 point: 1 case(2.4%), 4 point: 2 cases(4.8%). The classification of exposed poison was as follows; therapeutic drugs: 29 cases(23.0%), non-therapeutic drugs: 97 cases(73.0%). The most common exposed poison was household products: 23 patients(18.3%) were admitted to hospital. Conclusion: There was statistically significant difference in the classification of poison, MSPC score, treatment modality at hospital, first followup period after discharge between admitted group and non-admitted group. There was statistically significant difference in the reason of exposure, route of exposure, MSPC score, admission period according to patient's age. severity grading according to MSPC score is regarded as an available method to determine the modality of management.

응급실로 내원한 안외상 환자의 임상적 고찰

김행재,곽동진,김철,배택환,민영기,진재우,이철주 대한응급의학회 1998 대한응급의학회지 Vol.9 No.1

The authors analysed statically 420 Cases of the ocular trauma among 35,460 patients who visited to the emergency department, from Jul. 1995 to Jun. 1996. Ocular trauma is one of the commonest causes of eye diseases and blindness, but its patterns and incidences are variable according to the environment. A large number of patients can be readily treated in the emergency department. Prevention is, of course, the best management, but when an ocular injury occurs, proper emergency treatment can often prevent permanent damage.