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미취학 어린이를 위한 반정량적 식품섭취 빈도조사지 개발
임영,오세영,Lim, Young,Oh, Se-Young 대한지역사회영양학회 2002 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.7 No.1
The purpose of the study was to develop and evaluate the reliability of a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SFFQ) intended to measure mainly nutrient intake (energy, protein, fat, calcium and iron) related to growth in pre-schoolers in Korea. Based on foods with up to 90 cumulative percent contribution of the 5 nutrients, we developed a SFFQ for 86 foods. In order to evaluate the reliability of both nutrient and food intakes, caregivers of a sample of 101 children aged 4 to 6 years completed the SFFQ repeatedly at 3 month intervals. There were small differences in the nutrient intakes assessed by the SFFQ ranging from 0.55% to 9.91%. There were no significant differences in nutrient values calculated from the repeat questionnaires, except in the case of niacin and vitamin C. The Pearson correlation coefficients of most of the nutrients ranged form 0.54 to 0.75 (mean = 0.66). When energy intake was adjusted, there was approximately a 0.2 decrease in the correlation coefficient of most nutrients, due to the high correlation of energy intake with other nutrients (r=0.7-0.9). The amount of food intake differed by 0.1 to 66.4% (mean = 17.5%), depending on the food item. Out of 86 foods, 74 foods (86%) showed less than a 30% difference in intake and 30 foods (35%) showed less than a 10% difference. Only 6 (7%) out of the 86 foods presented statistically significant differences in intake. The Spearman correlation coefficients of most food intakes assessed repeatedly by the SFFQ ranged from 0.4 to 0.7. Reproducibility of the nutrient and food intakes found in this study was better or similar to those found in cases of Korean adults. Therefore, the SFFQ developed in the present study can be a useful tool to assess the dietary intake of pre-schoolers in Korea.
1980년대 디퍼런스 페미니즘 관점으로『파코의 이야기』읽기
임영 아시아.유럽미래학회 2023 유라시아연구 Vol.20 No.1
More than a decade after the end of the Vietnam War, a large number of novels and movies about the war were produced, leading to the post-Cold War period in the 1990s. Among them, Paco's Story by Larry Heinemann received public attention, winning the 1987 the National Best Book Award in the United States. In the novel, the protagonist Paco with his colleagues raped an enemy woman during the Vietnam War, and after returning home with injuries, he wandered lonely due to mental and physical aftereffects, and found himself reflected externally in the diary of a sexually free-spirited woman. Through the autobiographical content of this work, this study analyzes the gender consciousness of veterans during the Vietnam War and social changes after returning home from the perspective of difference feminism in the 1980s. The research method analyzes domestic prior studies and divides the story by comparing the group rape during the Vietnam War, the anti-war feminism in the 1960s and 1970s, and the imaginary affair after returning home and the difference feminism in the 1980s and 1990s. Previous studies explain the social perception of veterans' actions, the narrative structure that ghosted dead comrades to become speakers, and the protagonist's self-awareness process, but did not mention veterans' gender perception along with the actual feminist aspect. The following analysis shows that, first, the feminist movement calling for gender equality in the 1960s and 1970s was within the category of the anti-war movement, but soldiers who actually fought wars regarded violence as their identity and hated femininity, so they committed wartime sexual assault without difficulty. Second, in the 1980s and 1990s, the women's movement argued for gender neutralization, which equated the attributes of gender, reflecting on the adverse consequences of women, and acknowledging gender differences in practical ways, but demanding that genderization be modified as an unfair social gender role. It was found that this view could effectively explain the scene in which Paco appealed to a woman to heal her scar. This study is meaningful in that it contributed to devising a plan to resolve the gender discrimination and misogyny atmosphere that has not been fully resolved even now by re-analyzing the contents of the work in light of actual historical facts.
임영 조선대학교 국제문화연구원 2019 국제문화연구 Vol.12 No.1
Of Mice and Men, one of John Steinbeck's famous labor novels, has been studied mostly as to its tragic conclusion that George shoots his best-friend Lennie. However, the work describes how the writer treats the racism of the American 1930s, which Crooks, a stable man and an African American, experiences. This paper discusses Steinbeck's interest and art about the character's loneliness in the light of Charles Johnson and Michael J. Meyer's articles. For the research method, I review the story from Crooks's angle and study the reality of his loneliness. Through the analysis, Crooks seems to live in the limit of racial discrimination, which is revealed in the scene where Curley's wife threatens to attack him. However, his solitude has a duality of positive and negative meaning, which leads to Steinbeck's art of paradox and idea of breaking through or holism. This attempt is expected to extend the literature study of the 20th century American novels saying African Americans and their humanitarian context.