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식물 플랑크톤과 박테리아에 대한 zebra mussel ( Dreissena polymorpha ) 의 섭식효과 : 플랑크톤의 크기에 따른 선태적 섭식
황순진 ( Soon Jin Hwang ) 한국하천호수학회 1996 생태와 환경 Vol.29 No.4
Zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) grazing on natural planktonic communities from Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron, USA, were studied in July, August, and October, 1992. Mussels were collected from a eutrophic site and incubated in 41 bottles with oligotrophic and eutrophic water in an environmental chamber. Zebra mussels preferentially glazed phytoplankton smaller than 40㎛ (or < 1000㎛^3, biovolume), including diatoms, phototrophic nanoflagellates and small chlorophytes, reducing their biovolume by 80% to 100%. Mussels eliminated somewhat large phytoplankton (40∼200㎛ or < 10,000㎛^3) when they occurred as individual cells. Most large chlorophytes, colonial cyanophytes, and chrysophytes surrounded by a gelatinous layer (>20,000㎛^3) were not affected by mussels. As a result, the phytoplankton community was shifted towards larger inedible forms. Zebra mussel grazing on the phytoplankton community was greater at the oligotrophic site than at the eutrophic site due to more diverse composition and relatively low density of phytoplankton. Zebra mussels had a variable grazing effect on the bacterioplankton community, and appeared to have a greater effect on large bacteria(>1㎛). The results of this study indicate that zebra mussels select prey based on body size and can cause significant changes in phytoplankton composition when they are abundant.
인공하천에서 유량감소로 모사한 가뭄효과가 수질 및 부착돌말류 군집에 미치는 영향
황순진 ( Soon Jin Hwang ) 한국하천호수학회(구 한국육수학회) 2012 생태와 환경 Vol.45 No.1
We investigated an ecological impact of drought simulated by discharge depletion on the water quality and benthic diatom community in the indoor experimental channel. As artificial substrates slide-glass was installed in acrylic channel for 16 days. Channels were supplied continuously with eutrophic lake water with a discharge rate of 6 L min--1 in duplication during the colonized period. And then during the discharge depletion period, three discharge rates were provided: NDF (No depletion of flow rate (Control): 6 L min--1), LDF (Low depletion of flow rate: 3 L min--1) and HDF (High depletion of flow rate: 1 L min--1). Environmental factors in the water, such as suspended solid, Chl-a and nutrients concentration, were measured with periphytic algae including AFDM (ash free dry matter), Chl-a concentration and cell density at 1-day intervals. Light intensity increased significantly with discharge depletion (F=229.5, p= 0.000). NH4-N concentration was highest at HDF. Suspended solid in outflowing water decreased at HDF (88%), LDF (97%) and NDF (99%), compared to inflowing water (100 %). Chl-a in substrates increased more than two times at LDF and HDF than NDF (F= 8.399, p=0.001). Also AFDM and benthic diatom density increased significantly at LDF and HDF than NDF (F=9.390, p=0.001; F=6.088, p=0.007). In all experimental groups, Aulacoseira ambigua, Achnanthes minutissima and Aulacoseira granulate were dominant species accounting for greater than 10% of benthic diatom density. The most dominant species, A. ambigua was highest at LDF, followed by HDF and NDF (F=8.551, p=0.001). In conclusion, the effect of drought simulated by discharge depletion in an artificial stream ecosystem caused significant changes on water quality and benthic diatom biomass. This result provides a useful data to understand the effect of draught on stream ecosystem in situ.
동계 저온기의 소하천 수 질에 미치는 하·폐수의 온배수 영향
황순진,전경혜,엄현수,김난영,신재기 한국수생태학회(구 한국하천호수학회) 2017 생태와 환경 Vol.50 No.2
The sewage and wastewater (SAW) are a well-known major source of eutrophication and greentide in freshwaters and also a potential source of thermal pollution; however, there were few approaches to thermal effluent of SAW in Korea. This study was performed to understand the behavioral dynamics of the thermal effluents and their effects on the water quality of the connected streams during winter season, considering domestic sewage, industrial wastewater and hot spring wastewater from December 2015 to February 2016. Sampling stations were selected the upstream, the outlet of SAW, and the downstream in each connected stream, and the water temperature change was monitored toward the downstream from the discharging point of SAW. The temperature effect and its range of SAW on the stream were dependent not only on the effluent temperature and quantity but also on the local air temperature, water temperature and stream discharge. The SAW effects on the stream water temperature were observed with temperature increase by 2.1~5.8℃ in the range of 1.0 to 5.5 km downstream. Temperature effect was the greatest in the hot spring wastewater despite of small amount of effluent. The SAW was not only related to temperature but also to the increase of organic matter and nutrients in the connected stream. The industrial wastewater effluent was discharged with high concentration of nitrogen, while the hot spring wastewater was high in both phosphorus and nitrogen. The difference between these cases was due to with and without chemical T-P treatment in the industrial and the hot spring wastewater, respectively. The chlorophyll-a content of the attached algae was high at the outlet of SAW and the downstream reach, mostly in eutrophic level. These ecological results were presumably due to the high water temperature and phosphorus concentration in the stream brought by the thermal effluents of SAW. These results suggest that high temperature of the SAW needs to be emphasized when evaluating its effects on the stream water quality (water temperature, fertility) through a systematized spatial and temporal investigation.