파워트레인 다이나모를 이용한 디스커넥트 4WD 시스템의 연비 평가

이호섭(Hosub Lee),안성범(Sungbum Ahn),장인혁(Inhyuk Jang) 한국자동차공학회 2020 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2020 No.11

4WD 차량은 트랙션 및 주행 안전성 측면에서 2WD 차량에 비해 우수하지만 부가적인 구동장치로 인해 중량 및 동력손실이 증가하면서 차량의 연비저하가 발생하게 된다. 이러한 4WD 차량의 연비저하 단점을 보완하기 위해 현대위아에서는 디스커넥트 4WD 시스템을 개발하였다. 디스커넥트 4WD 는 기존 기계식 PTU(Power Transfer Unit)에 클러치 액츄에이터를 장착하여 프로펠러 샤프트로 전달되는 동력을 차단할 수 있다. 따라서 기존의 4WD 차량과 달리 4WD 사용과 상관없이 항상 회전하는 프로펠러 샤프트를 완전히 정지시킬 수 있으며 이에 따른 동력손실 차단하여 연비향상을 가져올 수 있다. 또한 현대위아에서는 이러한 차량의 연비향상이 가능한 신제품 평가를 통해 4WD 차량의 연비 인자에 대해 보다 효율적인 분석 및 연비 개선방안의 신뢰성 검증이 가능한 4WD powertrain dynamo(이하 PT 다이나모)를 구축하였다. PT 다이나모는 차량의 엔진, 변속기, 디스커넥트 4WD 시스템 및 디퍼런셜 기어 등 실제 차량의 구동계 대부분을 포함하고 있으며 실시간으로 차량의 주행 부하 및 타이어 노면간의 마찰 모델에 대한 시뮬레이션이 가능하도록 고안되었다. 본 연구에서는 PT 다이나모를 사용하여 디스커넥트 시스템의 연비 특성을 평가하였으며 디스커넥트 시스템의 연비향상인자를 분석하여 보다 효율적인 제품 개발 및 검증 프로세스를 도출하고자 하였다.

파워트레인 다이나모를 이용한 후룬기반 4WD 시스템의 연비 특성 평가

이호섭(Hosub Lee),안성범(Sungbum Ahn),박민철(Minchul Pack) 한국자동차공학회 2018 한국자동차공학회 부문종합 학술대회 Vol.2018 No.6

4WD vehicles are better at handling and driving safety than 2WD vehicles, but the weight and power loss of the vehicle will be increased by additional driving devices, resulting in a drop in fuel economy. Therefore research is needed to improve the fuel economy of 4WD vehicles and how to evaluate and validate them. However it is difficult to measure actual improvement rate of fuel efficiency of vehicles through single unit evaluation. And evaluation using a vehicle chassis dynamo is limited to the number of assessments dependent on the cost. In order to overcome these shortcomings of vehicle fuel economy assessment, Hyundai Wia has developed a more efficient analysis of the fuel economy factor of 4WD vehicles and the reliability of the improved fuel economy. Hyundai WIA has developed the 4WD Powertrain Dynamometer (PT Dynamo) to overcome the disadvantages of this assessment and to verify the effective analysis of the fuel economy factors of 4WD vehicles and the reliability of the measures to improve fuel economy. PT Dynamo includes most of the actual vehicle’s driven systems, such as the vehicle’s engine, transmission, 4WD Transfer case, and differential gear. It is also designed to enable simulated driving on the vehicle’s driving load characteristics and tire surface friction models in real time. This study has developed and verified PT Dynamo and evaluated the fuel economy characteristics of 4WD vehicles, and would like to provide a more efficient way to improve fuel economy.

e-4WD 시스템 개발

조희영(Hee Young Jo) 유공압건설기계학회 2016 드라이브·컨트롤 Vol.13 No.1

e-4WD(Electric-4WD) system is a 4WD(4-Wheel Drive) System that can transform a car into a Hybrid System. e-4WD consists of a Motor, Inverter, Speed reducer and Clutch. The Motor, Speed reducer and Clutch are installed on the rear sub-frame as a chassis module type. The inverter is installed separately. Compared to a mechanical 4WD, the e-4WD system has many advantages. For example, the reduced number of drivetrain components makes better use of the space. Driving with a motor only at low speed improves fuel economy and reduces exhaust gas. Engine downsizing is available because the motor assists the engine. The performance of a conventional HEV(Hybrid Electric Vehicle) system can also be maintained. This paper proposes the specifications of components and the control logic for an e-4WD System. And the effect of the e-4WD system is proven using a test vehicle equipped with components under various test conditions.

4WD 차량의 토크 분배 제어에 관한 연구

함형진(Hyeongjin Ham),이종국(Jongkuk Lee),전남주(Namju Jeon),유제명(Jemyoung Ryu),서은석(Eunsuk Suh),이형철(Hyeongcheol Lee) 한국자동차공학회 2009 한국자동차공학회 부문종합 학술대회 Vol.2009 No.4

This paper presents a control method of torque distribution for Four Wheel Drive (4WD) vehicles. The 4WD system is a device which distributes optimal torque between front and rear propeller shafts to improve traction ability and stability of a vehicle. While the object of the traditional 4WD system is to improve only traction ability by distribution of the transmission torque, the recent 4WD system is used for to meliorate the traction ability, stability and fuel consumption efficiency. This paper proposes the control algorithm for the vehicle which is equipped the electronic controlled 4WD system to improve traction ability. In this paper, the mathematical equation-based control method by vehicle dynamics analysis is presented. The proposed control algorithm of the 4WD system is validated by real vehicle test using the Rapid Control Prototyping (RCP) and the mid-size Sport Utility Vehicle (SUV) equipped 4WD system of multi plate clutch type actuated by solenoid coil.

4WD 운전성 개발에 관한 연구

신석영(Seokyoung shin),원광민(Kwangmin Won),이승엽(Sungyop Lee),김진현(Jinhyun Kim),진용욱(Yong Wook Jin),김성열(Sungyeol Kim) 한국자동차공학회 2010 한국자동차공학회 부문종합 학술대회 Vol.2010 No.5

4WD Driveline is quite a bit complex system. It has more parts than 2WD driveline. Therefore it is necessary to consider the whole system to make good performance. In this paper we studied 4WD driveline booming and transfer rattle noise among many 4WD problems. 4WD booming and transfer rattle noise take place when 4WD driveline is not properly designed. There are driveline natural modes in 4WD driveline system. When the system is not properly designed, one of the modes is the reason of Booming and transfer rattle noise. We showed the mechanism of 4WD booming and transfer rattle noise in test and simulation. Through test & simulation, we examine solutions like DMF, transfer gear ratio and 4WD coupling tuning..

유성기어장치를 활용한 4-WD 구동변환장치 개발

김규성(Gyusung Kim),염광욱(Kwangwook Youm),함성훈(Seonghun Ham) 한국자동차공학회 2021 한국자동차공학회 부문종합 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.6

캠핑과 같은 레저인구의 증가로 인해 RV나 SUV와 같은 차량에 대한 수요가 증대되면서 자동차의 구동력을 향상시키기 위한 방법으로 4륜 구동을 적용한 자동차의 보급이 확대되고 있다. 4-WD로 변환하는 방법은 여러 가지가 존재하지만 본 연구에서는 선택적 4-WD를 기준으로 버튼을 조작하여 2-WD에서 4-WD로 변환되는 Transfer case를 기반으로 연구를 진행하였다. 구동변환시 버튼을 조작하게 되면 Transfer case에 구성된 기어가 연결되면서 전륜에 구동력을 전달하게 된다. 이때 Transfer case 내부의 기어를 작동시켜 주기 위한 엑추에이터의 토크가 작게 되면 해당기어의 원활한 작용이 어렵기 때문에 엑츄에이터의 적절한 토크확보가 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 엑추에이터 출력부 끝단에 유성기어형태의 감속기를 적용하여 엑추에이터 내부에서 Transfer case 구동에 필요한 감속비를 설정하고 1차 감속을 진행하다. 이렇게 향상된 토크를 Transfer case에 연결하여 4-WD변환이원활하게 될 수 있도록 기어치형의 설계를 진행하였다. 입력축과 출력출이 동일선상에서 동력이 전달될 수 있도록 압력각은 모두 20°로 동일하게 설정하고 선기어 잇수 11, 유성기어 잇수 19, 링기어잇수 49로 설정하여 유성기어 출력시 감속비 약5.5로 설정하여 유성기어 설계하였다. 설계된 기어를 토대로 안전성을 검증하기 위하여 면압강도와 굽힙강도를 계산식을 통해 검증하였다. 최종적으로 엑추에이터 출력을 약4m-kgf로 증대시켜 4-WD로 변환 시 필요한 구동력을 확보하였다.

E-4WD HEV의 INLINE 후륜 구동측 감속비 최적화에 관한 연구

김형균(Hyungkyoon Kim),신창우(Chang Woo Shin),임원식(Wonsik Lim),차석원(Sukwon Cha) 한국자동차공학회 2012 한국자동차공학회 부문종합 학술대회 Vol.2012 No.5

E-4WD HEV is the vehicle which has two powertrains, one is operated by engine for front wheels, another is operated by motor for rear wheels. This System was developed for substituting conventional 4WD vehicles. Advantages of E-4WD are follows. First, it has less power transfer loss because there are no transfer and propeller shaft. Second, fuel economy of this system can be improved by using regenerative braking and Idle Stop & Go. When designing this system, it’s important to determine a reduction gear ratio for rear powertrain because vehicle performance can be improved or deteriorated through varying reduction gear ratio. This paper discusses how to determine reduction gear ratio for rear powertrain of inline system by using dynamic programming and compare fuel economy to parallel hybrid system.

E-4WD 하이브리드 시스템의 구동성능 개선을 위한 모터감속비 영향도 분석

유셈이,임원식,최우석 한국기계기술학회 2016 한국기계기술학회지 Vol.18 No.5

To overcome recent emission regulation, various hybrid systems are being developed. In the E-4WD(electric four wheel drive) system, the engine and transmission drive the front wheel, electric motor and single reduction gear drive the rear wheel. As the gear ratio of the reduction gear set determines the electric motor's operating point, the gear ratio is important to enhancement efficiency of hybrid system. This study is to analyze motor reduction gear ratio's influence on E-4WD hybrid system for optimized efficiency and driving performance. Fuel economy, operating point of power source and hybrid mode are analyzed using simulation developed with dynamic programming method.

소형 FF 4WD BODY STRUCTURE 개발

김윤창(Yunchang Kim),김주남(·Joonam Kim) 한국자동차공학회 2012 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2012 No.11

This study is to deal with the increasing number of imported 4WD vehicles, to satisfy customers’ needs for the stability of driving and to cope with the snowfall increase caused by the climate change. In the process of developing the underbody structure of small CUV FF 4WD vehicles , we have tried to build the body structure which is appropriate for the 4WD vehicles’ drive and chassis. In addition, we have tried to improve the stiffness and crash performance of the underbody structure. I believe that this study will provide criteria when designing the body structure of 4WD vehicles in the near future and that we will be able to pass down the know-how we’ve acquired through this study for the further development.

4륜구동 차량의 구동토크 배분이 조종 안정성에 미치는 영향

강대하(Dae Ha Kang),이진화(Jin Hwa Lee),김상섭(Sang Sup Kim) 한국자동차공학회 2009 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2009 No.11

This paper presents a vehicle dynamics model with detailed drive train model to analyse handling performance of 4WD Vehicle vehicle with varying torque distribution. The functional suspension model was used to derive a full vehicle dynamics model with kinematic and compliance characteristics of suspensions. The drive train is modeled with front, rear and center differential gears and soft flexibility. A wheel dynamics model with tire relaxation effects was used for more realistic simulation. Several simulation results of 4WD vehicles demonstrate the effectiveness of current model to evaluate torque distribution effects on handling performance.