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Psychosis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Results From an International Inception Cohort Study
Hanly, John G.,Li, Qiuju,Su, Li,Urowitz, Murray B.,Gordon, Caroline,Bae, Sang‐,Cheol,Romero‐,Diaz, Juanita,Sanchez‐,Guerrero, Jorge,Bernatsky, Sasha,Clarke, Ann E.,Wallace, Daniel J. Wiley (John WileySons) 2019 Arthritis & rheumatology Vol.71 No.2
Tripathi, Om P.,Baldwin, Mark,Charlton‐,Perez, Andrew,Charron, Martin,Eckermann, Stephen D.,Gerber, Edwin,Harrison, R. Giles,Jackson, David R.,Kim, Baek‐,Min,Kuroda, Yuhji,Lang, Andrea,Mah John WileySons, Ltd 2015 Quarterly journal of the Royal Meteorological Soci Vol.141 No.689
<P>Extreme variability of the winter‐ and spring‐time stratospheric polar vortex has been shown to affect extratropical tropospheric weather. Therefore, reducing stratospheric forecast error may be one way to improve the skill of tropospheric weather forecasts. In this review, the basis for this idea is examined. A range of studies of different stratospheric extreme vortex events shows that they can be skilfully forecasted beyond 5 days and into the sub‐seasonal range (0–30 days) in some cases. Separate studies show that typical errors in forecasting a stratospheric extreme vortex event can alter tropospheric forecast skill by 5–7% in the extratropics on sub‐seasonal time‐scales. Thus understanding what limits stratospheric predictability is of significant interest to operational forecasting centres. Both limitations in forecasting tropospheric planetary waves and stratospheric model biases have been shown to be important in this context.</P>
Park, So Youn,Kim, Kyu Hee,Seo, Kyo Won,Bae, Jin Ung,Kim, Yun Hak,Lee, Seung Jin,Lee, Won Suk,Kim, Chi Dae John WileySons, Ltd 2014 The Journal of pathology Vol.232 No.1
<P>Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is implicated in the development of vascular diseases; however, the roles of PVAT on OPN expression in diabetic vasculature remain to be determined. This study investigated the role of adipokines derived from diabetic PVAT in regulating the vascular expression of OPN and explored the mechanisms involved. Aortic sections of ob/ob and high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese (DIO) mice showed an increased expression of OPN, which was paralleled by increased amounts of PVAT characterized by enlargement of adipocytes. In the earlier phase of HFD feeding, macrophage infiltration was mainly localized to the area of PVAT at which adipocytes were enlarged, suggesting a potential link of activated adipocytes to macrophage infiltration. PVAT sections of ob/ob and DIO mice revealed a significantly greater number of macrophages with increased expression of adipokines, including resistin and visfatin. The distribution of resistin in PVAT mostly co-localized with macrophages, while visfatin was expressed in macrophages and other cells. In <I>in vitro</I> studies, OPN expression in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) co-cultured with PVAT of DIO mice was significantly increased, which was attenuated by a resistin-neutralizing antibody. Likewise, resistin up-regulated expression of <I>OPN</I> mRNA and protein in cultured VSMCs and the pivotal role of AP-1 in resistin-induced OPN transcription was demonstrated. Resistin produced by PVAT plays a pivotal role in the up-regulated expression of OPN in the diabetic vasculature via a signalling pathway that involves activation of AP-1. © 2013 The Authors. <I>Journal of Pathology</I> published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.</P>
Design and application of layered composites with the prescribed magnetic permeability
Choi, Jae Seok,Yoo, Jeonghoon John WileySons, Ltd. 2010 International Journal for Numerical Methods in Eng Vol.82 No.1
<P>This research aims to design the microstructure with the prescribed magnetic permeability and proposes a design method to control the magnetic flux flow using layered microstructures. In the optimization problem for the microstructure design, the objective function is set up to minimize the difference between the homogenized magnetic permeability during the design process and the prescribed permeability based on the so-called inverse homogenization method. Based on the microstructure design result, a microstructure composed of layered materials is proposed for the purpose of the efficient magnetic flux control. In addition, its analytical calculation is added to confirm the feasibility of the optimized results. The layered composite of a very thin ferromagnetic material is expected to guide the magnetic flux and the performance of the magnetic system can be improved by turning the microstructures appropriately. Optimal rotation angles of microstructures are determined using the homogenization design method. The proposed design method is applied to an example to confirm its feasibility. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</P>
Choi, Jinwoong,Kim, Hyunjoo,Do, Taeyang,Moon, Junsoo,Choe, Youngson,Kim, Jeung Gon,Bang, Joona John WileySons, Inc. 2019 Journal of polymer science Part A, Polymer chemist Vol.57 No.6
<P><B>ABSTRACT</B></P><P>Bottlebrush polymers (BBPs) are three‐dimensional polymers with great academic and industrial potential owing to their highly tunable and intricate architecture. The most popular method to synthesize BBPs is ring‐opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) with Grubbs' catalyst, allowing living grafting‐through polymerization of macromonomers of up to ultrahigh molecular weights with narrow molecular weight distribution. In this case, it has been well recognized that the purity of macromonomers (MMs) is critical for a successful ROMP reaction. For MMs synthesized from reversible‐deactivation radical polymerization, Grubbs and Xia demonstrated that the better control of ROMP reaction can be achieved when they are prepared via “growth‐then‐coupling” method that is coupling a norbornenyl group to end‐functionalized prepolymers. However, these MMs can also contain various residual impurities from previous synthetic steps, which can potentially poison the catalyst and hamper the ROMP reaction. Herein, we intentionally doped possible impurities into purified MMs to identify the most poisoning species. As a result, it was found that alkyne‐functionalized norbornene most significantly retarded the ROMP reaction due to a formation of Ru‐vinyl‐carbene intermediates having low catalytic reactivity, whereas the other reagents such as solvent, Cu‐catalyst, ligands, and azido‐terminated prepolymers were relatively inert. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. <B>2019</B>, <I>57</I>, 726–737</P>
Lee, Hyun Jae,Yoo, Jee Eun,Namkung, Wan,Cho, Hyung-Ju,Kim, Kyubo,Kang, Joo Wan,Yoon, Joo-Heon,Choi, Jae Young John WileySons, Ltd 2015 Physiological reports Vol.3 No.8
<P>Pendrin is an anion exchanger whose mutations are known to cause hearing loss. However, recent data support the linkage between pendrin expression and airway diseases, such as asthma. To evaluate the role of pendrin in the regulation of the airway surface liquid (ASL) volume and mucin expression, we investigated the function and expression of pendrin and ion channels and anion exchangers. Human nasal epithelial cells were cultured from 16 deaf patients carrying pendrin mutations (DFNB4) and 17 controls. The cells were treated with IL-13 to induce mucus hypersecretion. Airway surface liquid thickness was measured and real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed targeting various transporters and <I>MUC5AC</I>. Anion exchanger activity was measured using a pH-sensitive fluorescent probe. Periodic acid-Schiff staining was performed on the cultured cells and inferior turbinate tissues. The ASL layer of the nasal epithelia from DFNB4 subjects was thicker than the controls, and the difference became more prominent following IL-13 stimulation. There was no difference in anion exchange activity after IL-13 treatment in the cells from DFNB4 patients, while it increased in the controls. Goblet cell metaplasia induced by IL-13 treatment seen in the controls was not observed in the DFNB4 cells. Furthermore, the periodic acid-Schiff staining-positive area was lesser in the inferior turbinate tissues from DFNB4 patients that those from controls. Pendrin plays a critical role in ASL volume regulation and mucin expression as pendrin-deficient airway epithelial cells are refractory to stimulation with IL-13. Specific blockers targeting pendrin in the airways may therefore have therapeutic potential in the treatment of allergic airway diseases.</P>
Ryu, Young-Gi,Won, Bomi,Park, Hae-Ryung,Ghafoor, Kashif,Park, Jiyong John WileySons, Ltd. 2010 Journal of the science of food and agriculture Vol.90 No.5
<P>BACKGROUND: Isoflavones are the most common group of phytoestrogens which are present in significantly large amounts in soybean and soy products such as tofu. Isoflavones occur naturally in glycoside forms having lower bioavailability than their aglycone forms. β-Glycosidase acts as a bio-catalyst for the conversion of isoflavone glycosides to isoflavone aglycones, raising the bioavailability of isoflavones; therefore, it can be used to improve the quality of tofu. We need to establish process conditions for the optimal outcome of the enzyme reaction in tofu.</P><P>RESULTS: By using the β-glycosidase (0.02% w/v) reaction at 55 °C for 30 min, a maximum 84.5% conversion of isoflavone glycoside to isoflavone aglycone was obtained. The enzyme reaction caused no significant effects on the sensory acceptability of soft tofu. The hardness of enzyme-treated hard tofu increased with the coagulant amount whereas prolonged heating resulted in decrease of hardness. Incorporation of enzyme reaction before the coagulation process during soft tofu processing provided a sufficient bio-conversion of isoflavones at optimal conditions.</P><P>CONCLUSION: β-Glycosidase can be effectively used for the bioconversion of isoflavones in soft tofu manufacturing process at optimal reaction conditions before the onset of coagulation process. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry</P>
Lee, Won Kee,Lee, Shin Yup,Choi, Jin Eun,Seok, Yangki,Lee, Eung Bae,Lee, Hyun Cheol,Kang, Hyo‐,Gyoung,Yoo, Seung Soo,Lee, Myung Hoon,Cho, Sukki,Jheon, Sanghoon,Kim, Young Chul,Oh, In Jae,Na, Koo John WileySons Australia, Ltd 2017 Thoracic cancer Vol.8 No.3
<P><B>Background</B></P><P>This multicenter study was performed to develop a prognosis‐prediction model incorporating genetic polymorphism with pathologic stage for surgically treated non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>A replication study including 720 patients and a panel of eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which predicted the prognosis of surgically treated NSCLC in our previous study, was conducted. Using the combined cohort of current and previous studies including 1534 patients, a nomogram for predicting overall survival was made using Cox proportional hazards regression.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Among the eight SNPs, C3 rs2287845, GNB2L1 (alias RACK1), and rs3756585 were significantly associated with overall survival. A nomogram was constructed based on pathologic stage and the genotypes of the two SNPs, and the risk score was calculated for each patient in the combined cohort. Using the prognosis‐prediction model, we categorized patients into low, intermediate, and high‐risk groups, which had greater accuracy in predictive ability (log‐rank statistics = 54.66) than the conventional tumor node metastasis staging (log‐rank statistics = 39.56). Next, we generated a prognosis‐prediction model for stage I to identify a subgroup of potential candidates for adjuvant chemotherapy. Notably, 97 out of 499 stage IB patients were classified as high‐risk patients with a similar prognosis to stage II patients, suggesting the benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>This prognosis‐prediction model incorporating genetic polymorphism with pathologic stage may lead to more precise prognostication in surgically resected NSCLC patients. In particular, this model may be useful in selecting a subgroup of stage IB patients who may benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy.</P>
Shafqat, Mateen,Khalid, Azeem,Mahmood, Tariq,Siddique, Muhammad T,Han, Jong‐,In,Habteselassie, Mussie Y John WileySons, Ltd 2017 Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology Vol.92 No.10
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>BACKGROUND</B></P><P>The release of untreated textile effluent to the environment and its subsequent application to cropland poses a serious threat to human health. Various bacterial species contained in the effluent can degrade azo dyes; however, no work has been done to elucidate the role of these bacteria for plant growth promotion (PGP). This study was designed to isolate and evaluate bacterial strains carrying dual traits for azo dye degradation and PGP.</P><P><B>RESULTS</B></P><P>About 468 bacterial isolates were collected from textile effluent, sludge and dye‐contaminated soil through enrichment in mineral salt medium (MSM) containing reactive black‐5 dye (100 mg L<SUP>‐1</SUP>). Seven isolates (I‐15, S‐10, 7.3, 11.4, AE‐5, AE‐7 and AE‐8) with promising potential to treat the dye (100% color removal in 12–24 h) also exhibited significant production of indole acetic acid (9–21 μg mL<SUP>‐1</SUP>) and halo ring formation (diameter 6–11 mm), which is indicative of phosphate solubilization (P‐solubilization). Inoculation of the isolates to maize (<I>Zea mays</I>) plants grown in water and MSM containing the dye resulted in decolorization of the dye while significantly improving plant biomass compared with the control plants.</P><P><B>CONCLUSIONS</B></P><P>Our findings show that bacterial isolates possessing dual traits could be used simultaneously for textile effluent treatment and PGP. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry</P>