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백일현,윤여일,김종기,박정훈 한국공업화학회 2005 응용화학 Vol.9 No.1
Based on the results coming from the methane steam reforming and the CO₂ breakthrough experiments, the basic design of the hybrid reaction process was set up. Hybrid reaction test using the device of the lab and bench size revealed high hydrogen and low CO₂ composition compared with the equilibrium composition of the methane steam reforming. In particular, an examination of the average composition through the repeated experiments of the hybrid reactions at the maximum adsorption temperature of the adsorbent of 750℃ found that hydrogen had 12 to 14% higher composition in the hybrid reaction compared with the methane steam reforming whereas the composition of CO₂ was 6-8% lower.
백일현,윤여일,김종기,박정훈 한국공업화학회 2005 응용화학 Vol.9 No.1
A pelletized absorbent was developed in order to separation the CO₂ generated during methane steam reforming reaction. The best adsorbent manufactured using the organic and inorganic binder showed the best plasticity when CaCO₃, feldspar and bentonite are mixed at the rate of 90:5:5% with the hardness of 95%. The CO₂ breakthrough test on the adsorbent using the fixed bed reactor found that the amount of adsorption was very high at the reaction temperature of 750>700>800℃ in the descending order.
Lim, Jin-ah,Kim, Dong Hyun,Yoon, Yeoil,Jeong, Soon Kwan,Park, Ki Tae,Nam, Sung Chan American Chemical Society 2012 ENERGY AND FUELS Vol.26 No.6
<P>Aqueous potassium salt solutions of <SMALL>l</SMALL>-alanine and <SMALL>l</SMALL>-proline were investigated as carbon dioxide (CO<SUB>2</SUB>) absorbents. The CO<SUB>2</SUB> absorption capacities and absorption heats (−Δ<I>H</I><SUB>abs</SUB>) of the aqueous amino acid salts were measured in a semi-batch absorption system and differential reaction calorimeter (DRC). The solution experiments tested concentrations of 2.5 M and were carried out at 298 and 313 K. The <SUP>13</SUP>C and <SUP>1</SUP>H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra were used to identify the species distributions in the CO<SUB>2</SUB>-loaded absorbents. The absorption properties were compared to those of the commercial monoethanolamine (MEA) absorbent, revealing that the CO<SUB>2</SUB> loading capacity was higher than that of MEA (0.68 mol of CO<SUB>2</SUB>/mol of solute for the potassium salt of <SMALL>l</SMALL>-alanine > 0.5 mol of CO<SUB>2</SUB>/mol of solute for MEA). The absorption heat was lower than that of MEA at 298 K (53.26 kJ/mol of CO<SUB>2</SUB> for the potassium salt of <SMALL>l</SMALL>-alanine < 81.77 kJ/mol of CO<SUB>2</SUB> for MEA).</P>
Carbonic Anhydrase Promotes the Absorption Rate of CO<sub>2</sub> in Post-Combustion Processes
Vinoba, Mari,Bhagiyalakshmi, Margandan,Grace, Andrews Nirmala,Kim, Dae Hoon,Yoon, Yeoil,Nam, Sung Chan,Baek, Il Hyun,Jeong, Soon Kwan American Chemical Society 2013 The journal of physical chemistry. B, Condensed ma Vol.117 No.18
<P>The rate of carbon dioxide (CO<SUB>2</SUB>) absorption by monoethanol amine (MEA), diethanol amine (DEA), <I>N</I>-methyl-2,2′-iminodiethanol (MDEA), and 2-amino-2-methyl 1-propanol (AMP) solutions was found to be enhanced by the addition of bovine carbonic anhydrase (CA), has been investigated using a vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) device. The enthalpy (−Δ<I>H</I><SUB>abs</SUB>) of CO<SUB>2</SUB> absorption and the absorption capacities of aqueous amines were measured in the presence and/or absence of CA enzyme via differential reaction calorimeter (DRC). The reaction temperature (Δ<I>T</I>) under adiabatic conditions was determined based on the DRC analysis. Bicarbonate and carbamate species formation mechanisms were elucidated by <SUP>1</SUP>H and <SUP>13</SUP>C NMR spectral analysis. The overall CO<SUB>2</SUB> absorption rate (flux) and rate constant (<I>k</I><SUB>app</SUB>) followed the order MEA > DEA > AMP > MDEA in the absence or presence of CA. Hydration of CO<SUB>2</SUB> by MDEA in the presence of CA directly produced bicarbonate, whereas AMP produced unstable carbamate intermediate, then underwent hydrolytic reaction and converted to bicarbonate. The MDEA > AMP > DEA > MEA reverse ordering of the enhanced CO<SUB>2</SUB> flux and <I>k</I><SUB>app</SUB> in the presence of CA was due to bicarbonate formation by the tertiary and sterically hindered amines. Thus, CA increased the rate of CO<SUB>2</SUB> absorption by MDEA by a factor of 3 relative to the rate of absorption by MDEA alone. The thermal effects suggested that CA yielded a higher activity at 40 °C.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jpcbfk/2013/jpcbfk.2013.117.issue-18/jp401622c/production/images/medium/jp-2013-01622c_0007.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/jp401622c'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Vinoba, Mari,Bhagiyalakshmi, Margandan,Grace, Andrews Nirmala,Chu, Dae Hyun,Nam, Sung Chan,Yoon, Yeoil,Yoon, Sung Ho,Jeong, Soon Kwan American Chemical Society 2013 Langmuir Vol.29 No.50
<P>One aspect of the attempt to restrain global warming is the reduction of the levels of atmospheric CO<SUB>2</SUB> produced by fossil fuel power systems. This study attempted to develop a method that reduces CO<SUB>2</SUB> emissions by investigating the absorption of CO<SUB>2</SUB> into sterically hindered amine 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP), the acceleration of the absorption rate by using the enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA), and the conversion of the absorption product to stable carbonates. CO<SUB>2</SUB> absorbed by AMP is converted via a zwitterion mechanism to bicarbonate species; the presence of these anions was confirmed with <SUP>1</SUP>H and <SUP>13</SUP>C NMR spectral analysis. The catalytic efficiency (<I>k</I><SUB>cat</SUB>/<I>K</I><SUB>m</SUB>), CO<SUB>2</SUB> absorption capacities, and enthalpy changes (Δ<I>H</I><SUB>abs</SUB>) of aqueous AMP in the presence or absence of CA were found to be 2.61 × 10<SUP>6</SUP> or 1.35 × 10<SUP>2</SUP> M<SUP>–1</SUP> s<SUP>–1</SUP>, 0.97 or 0.96 mol/mol, and −69 or −67 kJ/mol, respectively. The carbonation of AMP-absorbed CO<SUB>2</SUB> was performed by using various Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> sources, viz., CaCl<SUB>2</SUB> (CAC), Ca(OOCCH<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB> (CAA), and Ca(OOCCH<SUB>2</SUB>CH<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB> (CAP), to obtain various polymorphs of CaCO<SUB>3</SUB>. The yields of CaCO<SUB>3</SUB> from the Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> sources were found in the order CAP > CAA > CAC as a result of the effects of the corresponding anions. CAC produces pure rhombohedral calcite, and CAA and CAP produce the unusual phase transformation of calcite to spherical vaterite crystals. Thus, AMP in combination with CAA and CAP can be used as a CO<SUB>2</SUB> absorbent and buffering agent for the sequestration of CO<SUB>2</SUB> in porous CaCO<SUB>3</SUB>.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/langd5/2013/langd5.2013.29.issue-50/la403671y/production/images/medium/la-2013-03671y_0007.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/la403671y'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>