Digestion of settleable solids from recirculating fish tank as nutrients source for the microalga Scenedesmus sp. Cultivation

Maneechotiros Rotthong,Wilai Chiemchaisri,Paveena Tapaneeyaworawong,Sorawit Powtongsook 대한환경공학회 2015 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.20 No.4

The high concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater incorporated with the ability to use carbon dioxide as the carbon source make the microalgae become more attractive in wastewater treatment process. This study evaluates the optimal conditions for the digestion of settelable solids from the recirculating aquaculture system to produce the biomass of the green microalga Scenedesmus sp. After solids separation, aerobic digestion of settleable solids under disperse condition produced nitrate as the final product of consequently ammonification and nitrification processes. With the optimal digestion procedure, nitrate concentration during aerobic digestion in 2000 mL vessel increased from 9.63±0.65 mg N/L to 58.66±0.06 mg N/L in 10 days. Thereafter, cultivation of Scenedesmus sp. was performed in 1000 mL Duran bottle with air bubbling. The highest Scenedesmus sp. specific growth rate of 0.321±0.01/d was obtained in treatment using liquid fraction after aerobic digestion as the whole culture medium for Scenedesmus sp. cultivation. With this study, digestion of 8,800±128.12 mg dry weight/L of settleable solids from fish pond finally produced 1,235±21 mg dry weight/L of Scenedesmus sp. biomass.

Reduction of waterborne microorganisms in treated domestic wastewater for reuse in agriculture

Chalanda Semsayun,Wilai Chiemchaisri,Chart Chiemchaisri,Nopparat Patchanee 대한환경공학회 2015 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.20 No.4

This study aims to investigate the use of a floating media filter (FMF) to eliminate waterborne microorganism in treated domestic wastewater for reuse in agriculture. A conventional sand filter (SF) was used concurrently to compare treated water quality. The total/fecal coliforms and somatic coliphage were employed as fecal indicators. The result showed that the FMF was fed with 3 times higher infiltration rate (15 ㎥/㎡.h) than that in the SF (5 ㎥/㎡.h), in which both filters gave similar coliform removal at 6 hours operation. The somatic coliphage elimination tended to increase with operational time for the FMF while that of the SF showed decreasing trend. When a 24 hour continuous operation was applied for the FMF, it showed better removal of somatic coliphage (78%), fecal coliforms (60%) and total coliforms (56%) than that of 6 hour operation. In conclusion, the FMF gave better performance than the SF did by producing a good quality of treated water for agriculture in terms of waterborne microorganisms including turbidity and suspended solids.

Colonization of Microbial Biofilms in Pipeline of Water Reuse

Teratchara Kumjaroen,Wilai Chiemchaisri,Chart Chiemchaisri 대한환경공학회 2014 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.19 No.3

Aim of this study was to investigate biofilms attached in pipeline of water reuse from the MBR system treating sewage without chlorination in correlation to the outflow water quality. Two general pipe materials: polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyethylene (PE) were employed in the experiment. The peak growths were found at week 4 in both pipes. The maximum biofilms in PE pipe was 33 mgVSS/cm2 with the growth rate of 4.75 mgVSS/cm2-d which was significant higher than that of PVC pipe. Biofilms examined by PCR-DGGE technique revealed five bacterial species in PE biofilms namely Sinorhizobium medicae WSM419, Sinorhizobium fredii NGR234, Geobacter sp. M18, Parachlamydia acanthamoebae UV-7, and Mycobacterium chubuense NBB4. The VSS concentrations in outflow had directly correlated to the biofilm attachment and detachment. High COD concentrations of outflow appeared during biofilm detaching phase. In summary, water quality of reuse water corresponded to the biofilms attachment and detachment in the pipeline.

Methane Emission from Semi-aerobic Landfill Test Cell Operated in Tropical Climate: Case Study of Thailand

( Noppharit Sutthasil ),( Chart Chiemchaisri ),( Wilai Chiemchaisri ),( Komsilp Wangyao ),( Kazuto Endo ),( Tomonori Ishigaki ),( Masato Yamada ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2015 한국폐기물자원순환학회 3RINCs초록집 Vol.2015 No.-

Two test cells (4,000 ton deposit solid wastes each) were used to investigate methane emission from semi-aerobic landfill condition and compared to that of typical anaerobic landfill at a solid waste disposal site in Thailand. Surface methane emission rate was measured by static flux chamber method whereas methane content in landfill gas inside waste body was also monitored. The measurements revealed that average methane emission rate from semi-aerobic test cell (57.9 g/m².d) was about half of the emission from anaerobic test cell (124.6 g/m².d). Nevertheless, methane emission rates during wet period in semi-aerobic landfill (88.3 g/m².d) were found to be about 4 times of that during dry period (25.0 g/m².d) whereas it was only about 2 times in anaerobic landfill, being 171.9 g/m².d and 77.3 g/m².d during wet and dry periods respectively. Methane emission rate from the test cells fluctuated and influenced by rainfall intensities. The measurements of methane concentrations in landfill layer beneath the landfill surface at 1 m depth suggests an increase of high methane concentration hotspots on the surface of semi-aerobic landfill after rainfall events leading to higher localized surface emission. This research demonstrates that semi-aerobic landfill concept could be applied to reduce methane emission in landfill operated in tropical region.

Comparison of Solid Waste Stabilization and Methane Emission from Anaerobic and Semi-Aerobic Landfills Operated in Tropical Condition

Noppharit Sutthasi,Chart Chiemchaisri,Wilai Chiemchaisri,Komsilp Wangyao,Sirintornthep Towprayoon,Kazuto Endo,Masato Yamada 대한환경공학회 2014 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.19 No.3

Leachate quality and methane emission from pilot-scale lysimeters operated under semi-aerobic and anaerobic conditions were monitored for 650 days. Two semi-aerobic lysimeters were filled with un-compacted and compacted municipal solid wastes whereas two anaerobic lysimeters containing compacted wastes were operated with leachate storage at 50% and 100% of waste height, respectively. Despite having high moisture in wastes and operating under tropical rainfall events, leachate stabilization in semi-aerobic lysimeters took place much faster resulting in BOD reduction by 90% within 60 days, significantly shorter than 180?210 days observed in anaerobic lysimeters. Nitrogen concentration in leachate from semi-aerobic lysimeter could be reduced by 90%. In term of gas emission, semi-aerobic lysimeter with un-compacted wastes had much lower methane emission rate of 2.8 g/m2/day compare to anaerobic lysimeters (62.6 g/m2/day) through seasonal fluctuation was observed. Nevertheless, semi-aerobic lysimeter with waste compaction has similar performance to anaerobic lysimeter.

Fouling and cleaning of reverse osmosis membrane applied to membrane bioreactor effluent treating textile wastewater

Thirdpong Srisukphun,Chart Chiemchaisri,Wilai Chiemchaisri,Monthon Thanuttamavong 대한환경공학회 2016 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.21 No.1

Membrane bioreactor (MBR) and reverse osmosis (RO) membrane system was applied to the treatment and reclamation of textile wastewater in Thailand. An experiment was carried out to determine the fouling behavior and effect of anti-scalant and biocide addition to flux decline and its recovery through chemical cleaning. The RO unit was operated for one month after which the fouled membranes were cleaned by sequential chemical cleaning method. RO flux was found rapidly declined during initial period and only slightly decreased further in long-term operation. The main foulants were organic compounds and thus sequential cleaning using alkaline solution followed by acid solution was found to be the most effective method. The provision of anti-scalant and biocide in feed-water could not prevent deposition of foulant on the membrane surface but helped improving the membrane cleaning efficiencies.

Conversion of Organic Carbon in Food Processing Wastewater to Photosynthetic Biomass in Photo-bioreactors Using Different Light Sources

Duangkamon Suwan,Sukhuma Chitapornpan,Ryo Honda,Wilai Chiemchaisri,Chart Chiemchaisri 대한환경공학회 2014 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.19 No.3

An anaerobic photosynthetic treatment process utilizing purple non-sulfur photosynthetic bacteria (PNSB) was applied to the recovery of organic carbon from food processing wastewater. PNSB cells, by-product from the treatment, have high nutrition such as proteins and vitamins which are a good alternative for fish feed. Effects of light source on performance of anaerobic photosynthetic process were investigated in this study. Two bench-scale photo-bioreactors were lighted with infrared light emitting diodes (LEDs) and tungsten lamps covered with infrared transmitting filter, respectively, aiming to supply infrared light for photosynthetic bacteria growth. The photo-bioreactors were operated to treat noodle-processing wastewater for 323 days. Hydraulic retention time (HRT) was set as 6 days. Organic removals in the photo-bioreactor lighted with infrared LEDs (91%-95%) was found higher than those in photo-bioreactor with tungsten lamps with filter (79%-83%). Biomass production in a 150 L bench-scale photo-bioreactor was comparable to a 8 L small-scale photo-bioreactor in previous study, due to improvement of light supply efficiency. Application of infrared LEDs could achieve higher treatment performance with advantages in energy efficiency and wavelength specifity.

Wastewater from Instant Noodle Factory as the Whole Nutrients Source for the Microalga Scenedesmus sp. Cultivation

Paveena Tapaneeyaworawong,Sorawit Powtongsook,Worawit Whangchenchom,Wilai Chiemchaisri 대한환경공학회 2014 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.19 No.3

Cultivation of microalgae using wastewater exhibits several advantages such as nutrient removal and the production of high valuable products such as lipid and pigments. With this study, two types of wastewater from instant noodle factory; mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) and effluents after sedimentation tank were investigated for green microalga Scenedesmus sp. cultivation under laboratory condition. Optimal wastewater dilution percentage was evaluated in 24 wells microplate. MLSS and effluent without dilution showed the highest specific growth rate (μ) of 1.63±0.11 day-1 and 1.57±0.16 day-1, respectively, in which they were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than Scenedesmus sp. grown in BG11 medium (1.08±0.14 day-1). Ten days experiment was also conducted using 2000 ml Duran bottle as culture vessel under continuous light at approximately 5000 lux intensity and continuous aeration. It was found that maximum biomass density of microalgae cultivated in MLSS and effluent were 344.16 ± 105.60 mg/L and 512.89 ± 86.93 mg/L respectively and there was no significant (p < 0.05) difference on growth to control (BG11 medium). Moreover, cultivation microalgae in wastewater could reduce COD in wastewater by 39.89%-73.37%. Therefore, cultivation of Scenedesmus sp. in wastewater from instant noodle factory can yield microalgae biomass production and wastewater reclamation using photobioreactor simultaneously.