Distally-extending muscle fibers across involved joints: study of long muscles and tendons of wrist and ankle in late-term fetuses and adult cadavers

Shaohe Wang(Shaohe Wang),Shogo Hayashi(Shogo Hayashi ),Zhe-Wu Jin(Zhe-Wu Jin),Ji Hyun Kim(Ji Hyun Kim),Masahito Yamamoto(Masahito Yamamoto ),Gen Murakami(Gen Murakami ),Shinichi Abe(Shinichi Abe ) 대한해부학회 2023 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.56 No.1

It is unclear whether forearm and crural muscle fibers extend distally across the wrist and ankle joints, respectively. We hypothesized, in late-term fetuses, an over-production of muscle bellies extending over the joint. Muscle fibers in histological sections from unilateral wrists and ankles of 16 late-term fetuses (30–40 weeks) were examined and compared with 15 adult cadavers. Muscle fibers of the flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) and flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) in fetuses, especially muscle bellies to the third and fourth fingers, were found to extend far distally beyond the radiocarpal joint. The extensor digitorum and extensor pollicis longus on the extensor side of the wrist were found to carry distally-extending muscle fibers, but these fibers did not extend beyond the distal end of the radius. In the ankle, most muscle bundles in the flexor hallucis longus (FHL), fibularis brevis (FB) and extensor digitorum longus extended distally beyond the talocrural joint, with most FB muscle fibers reaching the level of the talocalcaneal joint. In adult cadavers, muscle fibers of the FDP and FHL did not reach the levels of the radiocarpal and talocrural joints, respectively, whereas the FB muscle belly always reached the talocalcaneal joint. Similarly, some of the FDS reached the level of the radiocarpal joint. Generally, infants’ movements at the wrist and ankle could result in friction injury to over-extended muscle. However, the calcaneal and FDP tendons might protect the FB and FDS tendons, respectively, from friction stress.

Microstructure-modified proton exchange membranes for high-performance direct methanol fuel cells

Wang, Manxiang,Liu, Guicheng,Tian, Zhe,Shao, Yingna,Wang, Lei,Ye, Feng,Tran, Minh Xuan,Yun, Yanbin,Lee, Joong Kee Elsevier 2017 Energy conversion and management Vol.148 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>To lower methanol crossover and volume swelling degree, and to improve proton conductivity, a simple hot-mould-modifying method has been introduced to modify Nafion membrane for the direct methanol fuel cell application. To evaluate effect of the modification on properties of the Nafion membrane and fuel cell performance, a series of measurements of membranes and fuel cells have been carried out. The results show that, compared with the normal membrane, the modified Nafion membrane with regular spindle-type groove array possesses higher proton conductivity and methanol diffusion resistance, and 31.9% better dimensional stability, owing to its larger electrical double-layer capacitance come from the higher contact area between electron-electrode and ion electrolyte, and its more compact internal structure. And also, the direct methanol fuel cell based on the modified Nafion membrane shows 13.3% higher discharge power density and better long-time running performance than the normal one. Furthermore, this hot-mould-modifying method could be introduced into doping/coating-modified membranes reported in the current literature to further modify Nafion membranes, because this method is compatible with the current modifications.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A simple hot-mould-modified Nafion membrane is used for direct methanol fuel cells. </LI> <LI> Regular spindle-type groove array is uniformly distributed on the membrane surface. </LI> <LI> Modification lowers methanol crossover, swelling, and improves proton conductivity. </LI> <LI> Power density and long-time running performance of fuel cells are improved visibly. </LI> <LI> This method provides a practicable way for direct methanol fuel cell applications. </LI> </UL> </P>

The Complete Oxidation of Ethanol at Low Temperature over a Novel Pd-Ce/γ-Al₂O₃-TiO₂ Catalyst

Wang, Yanping,Zhao, Jinshuang,Wang, Xiaoli,Li, Zhe,Liu, Pengfei Korean Chemical Society 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.8

Pd-$Ce/{\gamma}-Al_2O_3-TiO_2$ catalysts were prepared by combined sol-gel and impregnation methods. Transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, $H_2$-temperature-programmed reduction, $O_2$-temperature-programmed desorption, and ethanol oxidation experiments were conducted to determine the properties of the catalysts. Addition of an optimal amount of Ce improved the performance of the $Pd/{\gamma}-Al_2O_3-TiO_2$ catalyst in promoting the complete oxidation of ethanol. The catalyst with 1% Ce exhibited the highest activity, and catalyzed complete oxidation of ethanol at $175^{\circ}C$; its selectivity to $CO_2$ reached 87%. Characterization results show that addition of appropriate amount of Ce could enrich the PdO species, and weaken the Pd-O bonds, thus enhancing oxidation ability of the catalyst. Meanwhile, the introduction of $CeO_2$ could make PdO better dispersed on ${\gamma}-Al_2O_3-TiO_2$, which is beneficial for the improvement of the catalytic oxidation activity.

Prognostic Significance of α5β1-integrin Expression in Cervical Cancer

Wang, Hua-Yi,Chen, Zhe,Wang, Zhu-Hui,Wang, Hong,Huang, Li-Ming Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.6

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of expression of ${\alpha}5{\beta}1$-integrin with clinicopathologic features and prognosis in cervical cancer. Levels of ${\alpha}5{\beta}1$-integrin in normal cervical mucosa and cervical cancer tissue were detected with immunohistochemistry. Survival analysis by the Kaplan-Meier method was performed to assess prognostic significance. ${\alpha}5{\beta}1$-integrin expression was detected in 84.6% (143/169) cervical cancer samples, significantly different from that in normal cervical mucosa (P < 0.05). Positive expression rates of ${\alpha}5{\beta}1$-integrin in patients with poor histologic differentiation, lymph node metastasis, and recurrence were elevated. Using Kaplan-Meier analysis, a comparison of survival curves of low versus high expression of ${\alpha}5{\beta}1$-integrin revealed a highly significant difference in human cervical cancer cases (P < 0.05), suggesting that overexpression of ${\alpha}5{\beta}1$-integrin is associated with a worse prognosis.The ${\alpha}5{\beta}1$-integrin promotes angiogenesis and associates with lymph node metastasis, vascular invasion and poor prognosis of cervical cancer. The current study indicated that ${\alpha}5{\beta}1$-integrin may be an independent prognostic factor for cervical cancer patients.

Leaching characteristics and curing mechanism of magnesium phosphate cement solidified zinc-contaminated soil in an acid rain environment

Zhe Wang,Hangjun Zhu,Xuehui Wu,Binpin Wei,Hongli Zhou,Sifa Xu 대한환경공학회 2021 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.26 No.4

A semi-dynamic leaching test was used to simulate the erosion effect of acid rain on magnesium phosphate cement (MPC)-stabilized/solidified zinc-contaminated soil. The leaching characteristics and curing mechanism were studied with a combination of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Influences of the initial pH value of the simulated acid rain, the ratio of the curing agent (MgO/KH₂PO₄, abbreviated M/P), and the mass of water glass on the leaching characteristics of Zn<SUP>2+</SUP> and conductivity in the leachate of the sample were studied. It is shown that the curing effect of the cement component on Zn<SUP>2+</SUP> is better for M/P = 6 when compared to M/P = 4 in a strong acid environment. While in a weak acid environment, it is observed that the curing effect is superior when M/P = 4. Also it is observed that 4% water glass content can effectively improve the cement curing effect of heavy metal Zn in an acid rain environment. These results indicate that water glass can be effectively applied to MPC solidified heavy metal Zn.

Leader-following Non-fragile Consensus Control of Fuzzy Multi-agent Fractional Order Interval Systems

Zhe Wang,Dingyu Xue,Xuefeng Zhang,Qing-Guo Wang 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2024 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.22 No.2

The consensus control of fuzzy multi-agent fractional order interval systems (MA-FOISs) is proposed in this brief. Firstly, a new model of fuzzy MA-FOISs based on the non-fragile observer is presented. Then, by using the technologies of generalised matrix singular value decomposition (SVD) and linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), the sufficient conditions for determining the consensus of fuzzy MA-FOISs are given through the equivalence of the stability and the consensus of multi-agent systems (MASs). Moreover, when the actual system does not need to be described by the fuzzy set, the consensus conditions for the MA-FOISs are given. Finally, the validity of the results given are illustrated by the numerical example.

APPLICATIONS OF CALCIUM PHOSPHATE NANOPARTICLES IN POROUS HARD TISSUE ENGINEERING SCAFFOLDS

ZHE WANG,ZHURONG TANG,FANGZHU QING,YOULIANG HONG,XINGDONG ZHANG 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2012 NANO Vol.7 No.4

To repair bone defects, an important approach is to fabricate tissue engineering sca®olds as substitutions to replace auto-/allologous bones. Currently, processing a biomaterial into threedimensional porous sca®olds and incorporating the calcium phosphate (Ca?P) nanoparticles into sca®olds pro¯le two main characteristics of bone tissue engineering sca®olds. Based on this fact, in this paper we describe the design principles of the Ca?P nanoparticle-based and porous bone tissue engineering sca®olds. Then we summarize a variety of the Ca?P nanoparticle-based sca®olds, including discussion of the integration of the Ca?P nanoparticles with ceramics and polymers, followed by introduction of safety of the Ca?P nanoparticles in scaffolds.

Numerical Study on Lateral Buckling of Fully Bonded Sandwich Pipes

Zhe Wang,Zhi-Hua Chen,Yongyu He,Hongbo Liu 한국강구조학회 2017 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.17 No.3

Sandwich pipes (SP) are promising subsea pipelines for deep-water applications. Thus, their lateral buckling response is a significant design aspect. The temperature field of SP denotes the load in lateral buckling analysis, and it is calculated using the heat transfer differential equation in this study. A general temperature field formula is proposed for an arbitrary multilayer SP, and this formula is verified by finite element models. Another finite element model based on the fiber shell element is then constructed to investigate the lateral buckling response of SP. They are validated by existing experimental and numerical results. The evolution of the lateral buckling profiles and of stress distribution are studied in consideration of nonlinear pipe-soil interaction and nonlinear material constitutive law. Moreover, the influence of initial imperfections and pipe-soil interaction on lateral buckling response is examined. Finally, a formula is approximated for a SP with a half-wave sinusoidal imperfection profile on the basis of dimensionless analysis and numerical results. This formula is convenient for engineering applications.

On Lateral Buckling of Subsea Pipe-in-pipe Systems

Zhe Wang,Zhi-Hua Chen,Hongbo Liu 한국강구조학회 2015 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.15 No.4

Lateral buckling is a common phenomenon in unburied high temperature and high pressure (HT/HP) subsea pipe-in-pipe systems. An effective finite element model based on beam element and tube-to-tube contact element is proposed to study lateral buckling in pipe-in-pipe systems, in which the initial imperfection (out-of-straightness), nonlinear pipe-soil interaction and nonlinear material properties are considered. The results show that it is the resultant axil force of the inner and outer pipe that governs the lateral buckling phenomenon in pipe-in-pipe systems. The initial imperfection and pipe-soil interaction are the most important factors which influence evolution of the displacement and stress in pipe-in-pipe systems. Nonlinear material properties are necessary when plastic strain may occur in post-buckling stage. At last, a simplified model is proposed which can easily calculate the critical buckling temperature of the corresponding pipe-in-pipe system.

Step-up switched-capacitor multilevel inverter employing multiple inputs with reduced switches

Wang, Yaoqiang,Wang, Zhe,Liu, Wenjun,Zhang, Yun,Wang, Kewen,Liang, Jun The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2021 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.21 No.7

A large device count, weak boosting capability, and DC voltage imbalance are common issues in conventional multilevel inverters. In this paper, a novel multilevel inverter is presented that can generate the desired number of output levels with reduced devices by using new switched-capacitor circuits (SCCs). The two input sources and capacitors in the SCC can be switched in parallel and series modes. In the parallel mode, the capacitor voltage of the SCC is charged to the DC source voltage, which inherently solves the capacitor voltage imbalance issue without any auxiliary circuits. In the series mode, the capacitor can be used as an alternative source, which helps achieve a high voltage gain. The multiple input sources of the SCC make the proposed topology suitable for application in renewable energy generation systems where several DC sources are available. Instead of an H-bridge module, a structure with two half-bridges and two switches is used as a polarity generation circuit at the load terminal. The input sources of two SCCs can be selected as symmetric and asymmetric patterns, which can result in a great number of output voltage levels. The circuit topology, operational principle, modulation strategy, capacitor analysis, and performance comparisons of the inverter are described in this paper. In addition, experimental results verify the feasibility and validity of the inverter.