Improving the Nutritive Value of Full-Fat Rice Bran for Broiler Chickens Using a Lipase-Based Enzyme Preparation

Tan, S.H.,Thomas, D.V.,Camden, B.J.,Kadim, I.T.,Morel, P.C.H.,Pluske, J.R. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2000 Animal Bioscience Vol.13 No.3

Two experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that a lipase-based enzyme preparation would increase the AME content of full-fat rice bran (FFRB) by increasing fat digestibility when fed to broiler chickens. Experiment 1 used FFRB from Australia and lasted for 35 days, while Experiment 2 used FFRB from Thailand and lasted for 14 days. Rice bran was substituted in a maize-soybean diet at levels of 90 g/kg (Experiment 1) and at 90 and 180 g/kg in Experiment 2. Total collections of excreta were used for determination of AME content and fat digestibility. In Experiment 1, the enzyme increased the AME content of FFRB between days 4-7, 18-21 and 32-35 by 6.1-16.1% (p>0.05), however this was not associated with improved fat digestibility. In Experiment 2, the enzyme enhanced the AME content of FFRB between days 4-7 (10.42 vs. 9.06, p=0.107) and 11-14 (11.94 vs. 9.93, p=0.041), but again, this was not caused by increased fat digestibility. Inclusion of 180 g/kg depressed the AME content of FFRB by 7.4-11.5% (p>0.10) in conjunction with decreased (p<0.05) fat digestibility between 0-14 days of age. Improvements in bird growth with the enzyme were seen in Experiment 2 but not in Experiment 1. Increases in AME content of FFRB per se were not caused by enhanced fat digestibility, suggesting that the side activities associated with the preparation must have acted singularly or in combination to improve AME content and bird performance. These data show that the response of FFRB to the lipase-based enzyme preparation was dependent upon the geographical origin of the rice bran and the level of FFRB substituted in the basal diet.

Source of the Variation in Meat and Bone Meal Nutritional Quality

Hendriks, W.H.,Cottam, Y.H.,Morel, P.C.H.,Thomas, D.V. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2004 Animal Bioscience Vol.17 No.1

The gross composition, gross amino acid content, apparent ileal amino acid digestibility and apparent ileal digestible amino acid content from 64 commercially produced meat and bone meals were statistically analysed. The samples were produced by 22 plants over a 2.5 year period with eight plants using batch dry rendering and 14 plants using low temperature rendering. A linear model with method and time of year (period) as fixed effects, plant within method as a random effect and sheep percent as a covariate was fitted to the composition data. The majority of the variation in the gross composition, amino acid digestibility and digestible amino acid content was explained by differences between plants using the same method. Neither rendering season nor origin of the raw materials contributed significantly to the observed variation in meat and bone meal protein quality. Rendering method (low temperature or batch rendering) had a significant effect on the variation observed in gross fat content, gross energy content, pepsin nitrogen digestibility, protein solubility and total lanthionine content. The digestibility of a number of amino acids and the apparent digestible content of arginine, cysteine, aspartic acid, proline and hydroxyproline were also significantly affected by rendering method. On average, batch dry and low temperature rendering systems produce meat and bone meals of similar nutritional quality. The variation between plant and within plant, however, is large, indicating that purchasing meat and bone meal from the same plant does not guarantee a consistent quality.

Efficacy of RinskorTM (florpyrauxifen-benzyl ester) on Herbicide Resistant Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) in Rice Fields of Mekong Delta, Vietnam

Le Duy,Nguyen M. Chon,Richard K. Mann,Bobba V. N. Kumar,Mauricio A. Morell 한국작물학회 2018 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.21 No.1

Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) seed samples were collected in rice fields in different locations at Mekong delta in Vietnam for herbicide resistance tests. The ALS-resistant and synthetic auxin-resistant E. crus-galli were confirmed at several locations in the Mekong Delta. The average LD90 value of bispyribac, penoxsulam and quinclorac for assessed weed populations was 33.1, 15.1 and 550.2 g a.i.ha-1 respectively. There were cross resistant barnyardgrass populations to bispyribac and penoxsulam, the LD90 value of the two ALS inhibitors for E. crus-galli was positively correlated at R2=0.39, the cross resistant population was 33.3% of total sample. The correlation analysis was not useful to evaluate the multiple resistance between quinclorac and the two ALS inhibitors, the R2 value was lower than 0.05, however, the percentage of multiple resistance weed was 36.2% of population. There was no cross resistance or multiple resistance among the 3 tested herbicides and the new synthetic auxin herbicide RinskorTM. All tested weed samples, including quinclorac-resistant populations, were effectively controlled by RinskorTM. There was no difference between control from RinskorTM in the different herbicide resistant populations. Average LD90 value of RinskorTM in all tested barnyardgrass was 17.1 g a.i ha-1.

Transport of radial heat flux and second sound in fusion plasmas (8 pages)

Gurcan, O.D.,Diamond, P.H.,Garbet, X.,Berionni, V.,Dif-Pradalier, G.,Hennequin, P.,Morel, P.,Kosuga, Y.,Vermare, L. AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS 2013 Physics of plasmas Vol.20 No.2

Nutritional Quality and Variation of Meat and Bone Meal

Hendriks, W.H.,Butts, C.A.,Thomas, D.V.,James, K.A.C.,Morel, P.C.A.,Verstegen, M.W.A. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2002 Animal Bioscience Vol.15 No.10

Meat and bone meal is a valuable protein and mineral source in diets of production animals and contributes to the protein, energy and mineral component of diets. The aim of the present study was to more accurately characterise the apparent ileal amino acid digestibility of meat and bone meals produced in New Zealand and evaluate routine in vitro assays used in practise to measure meat and bone meal quality. A total of 94 commercial meat and bone meals from 25 New Zealand rendering plants over a two and a half year period were analysed for proximates, gross energy, gross amino acid content (incl. hydroxyproline, hydroxylysine and lanthionine), apparent ileal amino acid digestibility, pepsin nitrogen digestibility, protein solubility and bone content. The mean crude protein content of the 94 meat and bone meal samples was 56.8% with a range of >35% units and a coefficient of variation of 9.8%. The mean crude fat and ash content were 10.0 and 28.4% respectively. These latter components showed a large range (16 and 43%, respectively) with coefficients of variation above 22%. Amino acid digestibility between samples was highly variable with lysine and sulphur amino acids digestibility ranging between 45.8-89.0 and 38.2-85.5%, respectively. Pearson correlation coefficients are presented between crude protein content and individual gross amino acids, crude protein content and individual digestible amino acid content, and pepsin N digestibility and individual digestible amino acid content. There was a significant relationship between the digestible amino acid nitrogen content and the crude protein content while pepsin nitrogen digestibility was not correlated to ileal amino acid nitrogen digestibility (r=-0.06). Meat meals with a high protein content had relatively low hydroxyproline and hydroxylysine levels something that was attributed to the levels of collagen from bone. The data indicated that lanthionine (formed upon heat treatment of cysteine with a hydroprotein) is not a good indicator of the heat treatment employed to meat and bone meals. Step-wise multiple regression equations to predict the apparent digestible content of amino acids from rapid in vitro assays are presented. The most selected variables included ash and crude fat content. In general the equations derived for the essential amino acids had a higher degrees of fit (R2) compared to the non-essential amino acids. The R2 for the essential amino acids ranged from 0.43 for histidine and 0.68 for leucine. These equations provide a means of more rapidly estimating the apparent ileal digestible amino acid content (protein quality) of meat and bone meal using standard analyses.

HYBRID LIGHT DUTY VEHICLES EVALUATION PROGRAM

Trigui, R.,Badin, F.,Jeanneret, B.,Harel, F.,Coquery, G.,Lallemand, R.,Ousten, JP.,Castagne, M.,Debest, M.,Gittard, E.,Vangraefshepe, F.,Morel, V.,Baghli, L.,Rezzoug, A.,Labbe, J.,Biscalia, S. The Korean Society of Automotive Engineers 2003 International journal of automotive technology Vol.4 No.2

A HEV evaluation program, funded by ADEME, was carried out by a group of Laboratories of different specialties in order to evaluate and compare consumption, emission and component technologies of the three first HEVs put on the market (Toyota Prius, Nissan Tino and Honda Insight). This paper presents the results obtained until now. These results show good consumption and emission performance of the tested vehicles compared to conventional ones. The energy management seems to be globally the same for the three vehicles excepting for cold stans where the Insight allows a very earlier stop of the engine compared to the Tino and especially to the Prius. A mapping of the engine consumption of the Prius and the Insight was performed in order to furnish data for the simulation models. The Permanent Magnet motors of the Prius and Tino have different number of pair poles and then different emf at a given speed. The low emf values of the Prius allow operation at high speed with less field weakening control than for the Tino. The inverters of the Prius and the Tino, controlled by a PWM at respectively 5 kHz and 7 kHz switching frequency, are made of IGBTs with high commutation performances.

HYBRID LIGHT DUTY VEHICLES EVALUATION PROGRAM

R. TRIGUI,F. BADIN,B. JEANNERET,F. HAREL,G. COQUERY,R. LALLEMAND,JP. OUSTEN,M. CASTAGNE,M. DEBEST,E. GITTARD,F. VANGRAEFSHEPE,V. MOREL,L. BAGHLI,A.REZZOUG,J.LABBE,S. BISCAGLIA 한국자동차공학회 2003 International journal of automotive technology Vol.4 No.2

A HEV evaluation program, funded by ADEME, was carried out by a group of Laboratories of different specialties in order to evaluate and compare consumption, emission and component technologies of the three first HEVs put on the market (Toyota Prius, Nissan Tino and Honda Insight). This paper presents the results obtained until now. These results show good consumption and emission performance of the tested vehicles compared to conventional ones. The energy management seems to be globally the same for the three vehicles excepting for cold starts where the Insight allows a very earlier stop of the engine compared to the Tino and especially to the Prius. A mapping of the engine consumption of the Prius and the Insight was performed in order to furnish data for the simulation models. The Permanent Magnet motors of the Prius and Tino have different number of pair poles and then different emf at a given speed. The low emf values of the Prius allow operation at high speed with less field weakening control than for the Tino. The inverters of the Prius and the Tino, controlled by a PWM at respectively 5 kHz and 7 kHz. switching frequency, are made of IGBTs with high commutation performances.