Fingerprint and authenticity roasted coffees by ¹H-NMR: the Brazilian coffee case

Toci, Aline Theodoro,de Moura Ribeiro, Marcos Vinicius,de Toledo, Paulo Roberto Aparecido Bueno,Boralle, Nivaldo,Pezza, Helena Redigolo,Pezza, Leonardo 한국식품과학회 2018 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.27 No.1

With globalization, it has become necessary to adopt policies to regulate the coffee market, addressing problems including the authenticity and traceability of products. It is therefore important to establish methodologies that can help to safeguard the interests of producer countries and add value to products. For this purpose, the use of NMR combined with multivariate statistical procedures can be an attractive option. The aim of this study was to develop a fast and effective technique, using $^1H$ NMR coupled with multivariate statistics, to create a fingerprint of roasted coffees, distinguishing them according to the main Brazilian producer regions. Several compounds suitable for differentiating roasted coffees were identified in the fingerprint. Discriminant analysis revealed good distinction among the samples. The compounds catechol, trigonelline, caffeine, and n-methylpyridine were most important for the differentiation. The findings should assist coffee-producing countries in adopting measures to protect their markets and to add value to coffee products.

Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of Incidental Durotomy during Lumbar Spine Decompression with or without Fusion

Toci Gregory,Lambrechts Mark James,Issa Tariq,Karamian Brian Abedi,Siegel Nicholas,Antonio Nicholas D’,Canseco Jose,Kurd Mark,Woods Barrett,Kaye Ian David,Hilibrand Alan,Kepler Christopher,Vaccaro Ale 대한척추외과학회 2023 Asian Spine Journal Vol.17 No.4

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.Purpose: The primary objective of this study was to determine the incidence and risk factors for incidental durotomies during lumbar decompression surgeries. In addition, we aimed to determine the changes in patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) based on incidental durotomy status.Overview of Literature: There is limited literature investigating the affect of incidental durotomy on patient reported outcome measures. While the majority of research does not suggest differences in complications, readmission, or revision rates, many studies rely on public databases, and their sensitivity and specificity for identifying incidental durotomies is unknown.Methods: Patients undergoing lumbar decompression with or without fusion at a single tertiary care center were grouped based on the presence of a durotomy. Multivariate analysis was performed for length of stay (LOS), hospital readmissions, and changes in PROMs. To identify surgical risk factors for durotomy, 3:1 propensity matching was performed using stepwise logistic regression. The sensitivity and specificity of the International Classification of Disease, 10th revision (ICD-10) codes (G96.11 and G97.41) were also assessed.Results: Of the 3,684 consecutive patients who underwent lumbar decompressions, 533 (14.5%) had durotomies, and a complete set of PROMs (preoperative and 1-year postoperative) were available for 737 patients (20.0%). Incidental durotomy was an independent predictor of increased LOS but not hospital readmission or worse PROMs. The durotomy repair method was not associated with hospital readmission or LOS. However, repair with collagen graft and suture predicted reduced improvement in Visual Analog Scale back (<i>β</i> =2.56, <i>p</i>=0.004). Independent risk factors for incidental durotomies included revisions (odds ratio [OR], 1.73; <i>p</i><0.001), levels decompressed (OR, 1.11; <i>p</i>=0.005), and preoperative diagnosis of spondylolisthesis or thoracolumbar kyphosis. The sensitivity and specificity of ICD-10 codes were 5.4% and 99.9%, respectively, for identifying durotomies.Conclusions: The durotomy rate for lumbar decompressions was 14.5%. No differences in outcomes were detected except for increased LOS. Database studies relying on ICD codes should be interpreted with caution due to the limited sensitivity in identifying incidental durotomies.

Fingerprint and authenticity roasted coffees by 1H-NMR: the Brazilian coffee case

Aline Theodoro Toci,Marcos Vinı´cius de Moura Ribeiro,Paulo Roberto Aparecido Bueno de Toledo,Nivaldo Boralle,Helena Redigolo Pezza,Leonardo Pezza 한국식품과학회 2018 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.27 No.1

With globalization, it has become necessary to adopt policies to regulate the coffee market, addressing problems including the authenticity and traceability of products. It is therefore important to establish methodologies that can help to safeguard the interests of producer countries and add value to products. For this purpose, the use of NMR combined with multivariate statistical procedures can be an attractive option. The aim of this study was to develop a fast and effective technique, using 1H NMR coupled with multivariate statistics, to create a fingerprint of roasted coffees, distinguishing them according to the main Brazilian producer regions. Several compounds suitable for differentiating roasted coffees were identified in the fingerprint. Discriminant analysis revealed good distinction among the samples. The compounds catechol, trigonelline, caffeine, and n-methylpyridine were most important for the differentiation. The findings should assist coffee-producing countries in adopting measures to protect their markets and to add value to coffee products.

Effect of Drain Duration and Output on Perioperative Outcomes and Readmissions after Lumbar Spine Surgery

Karamian Brian,Kothari Parth,Toci Gregory,Lambrechts Mark James,Canseco Jose,Mao Jennifer,Narayan Raj,Alfonsi Samuel,Sirch Francis,Kheir Nadim,Semenza Nicholas,Woods Barrett,Rihn Jeffrey,Kurd Mark,Rad 대한척추외과학회 2023 Asian Spine Journal Vol.17 No.2

Study Design: Single-center retrospective cohort.Purpose: To compare surgical outcomes of patients based on lumbar drain variables relating to output and duration. Overview of Literature: The use of drains following lumbar spine surgery, specifically with respect to hospital readmission, postoperative hematoma, postoperative anemia, and surgical site infections, has been controversial.Methods: Patients aged ≥18 years who underwent lumbar fusion with a postoperative drain between 2017 and 2020 were included and grouped based on hospital readmission status, last 8-hour drain output (<40 mL cutoff), or drain duration (2 days cutoff). Total output of all drains, total output of the primary drain, drain duration in days, drain output per day, last 8-hour output, penultimate 8-hour output, and last 8-hour delta (last 8-hour output subtracted by penultimate 8-hour output) were collected. Continuous and categorical data were compared between groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were performed to determine whether drain variables can predict hospital readmission, postoperative blood transfusions, and postoperative anemia. Alpha was 0.05.Results: Our cohort consisted of 1,166 patients with 111 (9.5%) hospital readmissions. Results of regression analysis did not identify any of the drain variables as independent predictors of hospital readmission, postoperative blood transfusion, or postoperative anemia. ROC analysis demonstrated the drain variables to be poor predictors of hospital readmission, with the highest area under curve of 0.524 (drain duration), corresponding to a sensitivity of 61.3% and specificity of 49.9%.Conclusions: Drain output or duration did not affect readmission rates following lumbar spine surgery.

Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Increases Pseudarthrosis Rates in Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusions

Lambrechts Mark James,D'Antonio Nicholas,Toci Gregory,Karamian Brian,Pezzulo Josuhu,Farronato Dominic,Canseco Jose,Kaye Ian David,Woods Barrett,Rihn Jeffrey,Kurd Mark,Lee Joseph,Hilibrand Alan,Kepler 대한척추외과학회 2023 Asian Spine Journal Vol.17 No.2

Study Design: Retrospective cohort.Purpose: To determine (1) the effects of serotonin reuptake inhibitors in pseudarthrosis rates after anterior cervical decompression and fusion (ACDF) and (2) to identify patient-reported outcome measures in patients taking serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Overview of Literature: Recent literature suggests that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) may inhibit fracture healing via downregulation of osteoblast differentiation. Spinal fusion supplementation with osteoblast-rich substances enhances spinal fusion, thus SSRIs may be detrimental.Methods: Patients with 1-year postoperative dynamic cervical spine radiographs following ACDF were grouped into serotonin reuptake inhibitor prescriptions (SSRI, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor [SNRI], or tricyclic antidepressant [TCA]) and no prescription (atypical antidepressant or no antidepressant). Pseudarthrosis was defined as ≥1 mm interspinous process motion on dynamic radiographs. Logistic regression models were controlled for confounding to analyze pseudarthrosis rates. Alpha was set at p - values of <0.05.Results: Of the 523 patients who meet the inclusion criteria, 137 (26.2%) were prescribed an SSRI, SNRI, or TCA. Patients with these prescriptions were more likely to have pseudarthrosis (p =0.008) but not a revision surgery due to pseudarthrosis (p =0.219). Additionally, these patients had worse 1-year postoperative mental component summary (MCS)-12 (p =0.015) and Neck Disability Index (NDI) (p =0.006). The multivariate logistic regression analysis identified SSRI/SNRI/TCA use (odds ratio [OR], 1.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11–2.99; p =0.018) and construct length (OR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.50–2.44; p <0.001) as pseudarthrosis predictors. A SSRI/SNRI/TCA prescription was a revision surgery predictor due to adjacent segment disease on univariate analysis (OR, 2.51; p =0.035) but not on multivariate logistic regression analysis (OR, 2.24; p =0.10).Conclusions: Patients taking serotonin reuptake-inhibiting antidepressants are at increased risk of worse postoperative outcome scores, including NDI and MCS-12, likely due to their underlying depression. This may contribute to their greater likelihood of having adjacent segment surgery. Additionally, preoperative use of serotonin reuptake inhibitors in patients undergoing an ACDF is a predictor of radiographic pseudarthrosis but not pseudarthrosis revision.

Effect of Interbody Composition on the Development of Pseudarthrosis Following Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion

D’Antonio Nicholas,Lambrechts Mark James,Heard Jeremy,Bertiaume Emily,Toci Gregory,Karamian Brian Abedi,Breyer Garrett,Bodnar John,Canseco Jose,Hilibrand Alan,Schroeder Gregory,Vaccaro Alexander Richa 대한척추외과학회 2023 Asian Spine Journal Vol.17 No.3

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.Purpose: To determine if polyetheretherketone (PEEK) or titanium alloy cages increase the rate of pseudarthrosis development or revision surgery rate compared with structural allograft following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) and identify if the cage type results in differences in patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) versus structural allograft.Overview of Literature: PEEK and titanium alloy cages have become popular options for ACDF intervertebral spacers. However, while data is beginning to emerge on how cage types affect arthrodesis rates, the effect of their composition on PROMs is less clear.Methods: All patients aged >18 years who underwent primary one- to four-level ACDF at a single institution were retrospectively identified. Propensity matching was performed to compare patients’ PEEK or titanium alloy cages with structural allograft. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to measure the effect of interbody spacer composition on the likelihood of pseudarthrosis development.Results: Of the 502 patients who received structural allograft and had 1-year postoperative dynamic radiographs, 96 patients were propensity matched to 32 patients who received a PEEK cage, and 162 patients were propensity matched to 54 patients who received a titanium alloy cage. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified that PEEK cage implants (odds ratio [OR], 3.34; p =0.007) predicted pseudarthrosis development compared with structural allograft implantation. Titanium alloy cage (OR, 1.64; p =0.156) implantation was not predictive of pseudarthrosis. One-year postoperative PROMs were not significantly different between patients who received PEEK or titanium alloy cages and those who received structural allograft (all p >0.05).Conclusions: Compared with structural allograft, receiving a PEEK cage increased the risk of pseudarthrosis development following ACDF, whereas receiving a titanium alloy cage had no significant effect on pseudarthrosis development. One-year postoperative patient-reported outcomes were similar between patients who received structural allograft, PEEK, and titanium alloy interbody spacers.