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        Electricity Generation from Retting Wastewater Consisting of Recalcitrant Compounds Using Continuous Upflow Microbial Fuel Cell

        Jayashree C,Sweta Singh,Arulazhagan P,염익태,Iqbal M. I. I,Rajesh Banu J 한국생물공학회 2015 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.20 No.4

        Recalcitrant compounds like phenol found in coconut husk retting effluent cause the deterioration of water quality when discharged from retting ponds into other water sources. Continuous upflow microbial fuel cell (MFC) was evaluated for treating retting wastewater at different loading rates to determine power generation, chemical oxygen demand (COD) consumption rate and phenol removal for a period of 270 days. A maximum power density of 254 mW/m2 was achieved during the treatment of retting wastewater (external resistance - 350Ω). COD removal of 70% was accomplished at a loading rate of 0.45 g COD/L reactor/day and phenol removal of 95% was obtained at a loading rate of 0.28 g phenol/L reactor/day. The power density exhibited an increasing pattern as the loading rate of MFC was increased from 0.45 to 2.69 g COD/L reactor/day. This study describes the treatment of retting wastewater employing continuous upflow MFC with 95% phenol removal. Therefore, MFC can be considered as an alternative for the efficient removal of phenol and current generation in retting wastewater.

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        Virechana karma (therapeutic purgation) in the restoration of gut microbiota concerning Amavata (RA): A scientific exposition

        Godbole, Amrit,Sweta, Sweta,Abhinav, Abhinav,Singh, O.P. Cellmed Orthocellular Medicine and Pharmaceutical 2021 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.11 No.1

        Background: Amavata is a disease that occurs as a result of the error of metabolism. Poor dietary habits and faulty Dincharya (daily regimen) and ritucharya (seasonal regimen) leading to deranged metabolism and Agni (metabolic fire) which results in the formation of Ama(undigested product of metabolism). When Amaconceals with Vata(subtle energy associated with movement) and circulates in the body under the influence of Vyana Vayu (omnipresent air)it clogs the srotasas (microchannels) and initiates the inflammatory cascade. Amavata is commonly correlated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) while other forms of auto-immune disorders can also be included in Amavata.Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota (GM) has been connected to the onset of diverse autoimmune diseases. In this study, it was hypothesized that Panchakarma (bio-purificatory methods) based intervention such as Virechana Karma (therapeutic purgation) may influence microbiota. Materials and Methods: Various Ayurvedic literature were reviewed for the etiopathogenesis of Amavata. Different databases were searched with research papers related to Gut Dysbiosis and autoimmunity and management of RA. A connecting link between Intestinal Dysbiosis with the autoimmune mechanisms was established and it was also found that the bowel cleansing introduced a change to the GM. Conclusion: It was concluded that Virechana karma is effective in gut flora Dysbiosis. This study aims to correlate the ancient Ayurvedic principles related to Agni Bala(metabolic energy) and biopurificatory treatment modalities like Virechana karma (therapeutic purgation)with the modern concept of gut microbiota and its role in the pathogenesis of various autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis. The article creates an understanding about principles of Ayurveda and its rationality in today's scientific world and thereby opens newer vistas of research in therapeutics from Ayurveda, which may be helpful in the management of various immune-mediated Diseases through Ayurveda.

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        Impact of antioxidants in improving semen parameters like count, motility and DNA fragmentation in sub-fertile males: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial

        Ameet Patki,Rohit Shelatkar,Monica Singh,Sweta Agarwal,Venugopal M,Shashikant Umbardand,Apoorva Reddy,Priya Kannan,Srilatha Gorthi,Gautam Khastgir,Anita Kulshreshtha,Gayatri Ganu 대한임상약리학회 2023 Translational and Clinical Pharmacology Vol.31 No.1

        Male infertility is solely responsible for 20–30% of infertility cases. Oxidative damage of sperm DNA is positively linked with oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT), and male infertility. The antioxidants are being explored worldwide to combat OAT, sperm DNA fragmentation and reactive oxygen species. The objective of the study was to assess the effectiveness of an antioxidant blend in improving sperm count, semen parameters and reducing DNA fragmentation index (DFI) in sub-fertile males. A prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in 300 sub-fertile males (25–45 years) from ten study sites in India. Subjects were randomized in either the antioxidant blend treatment group or placebo group. We assessed changes in sperm count, motility, normal morphology, semen volume, and percent DFI before and after treatment (90 days). To further stratify data on different criteria post hoc analysis was performed. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 10.0 software. There were improvements in sperm count, semen volume, sperm motility, and sperm normal morphology in the treatment group. There was improvement in sperm count in severe oligospermia subjects (sperm count < 5 million/mL, 5–10 million/mL, 10.1–15 million/mL), and high-extremely higher baseline DFI (20–30%, 31–40% and above 40%), as per post hoc analysis. There was no premature discontinuation and adverse events were reported during the study, indicating safety and well-tolerability of treatment. Study results confirmed the well-researched fact of antioxidants being effective to reduce oxidative stress and thus improve sperm DNA integrity and also improved semen parameters in males aged 40 and above.

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