Poverty Does Not Limit Tobacco Consumption among Tribal Populations: Evidence from Central India

Kumar, Surendra,Kumar, Dinesh,Muniyandi, Malaisamy,Soan, Visheshwar,Pandey, Maya,Mishra, Dinesh Kumar Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.10

Mesh distortion, locking and the use of metric trial functions for displacement type finite elements

Surendra Kumar,G. Prathap 국제구조공학회 2008 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.29 No.3

The use of metric trial functions to represent the real stress field in what is called the unsymmetric finite element formulation is an effective way to improve predictions from distorted finite elements. This approach works surprisingly well because the use of parametric functions for the test functions satisfies the continuity conditions while the use of metric (Cartesian) shape functions for the trial functions attempts to ensure that the stress representation during finite element computation can retrieve in a best-fit manner, the actual variation of stress in the metric space. However, the issue of how to handle situations where there is locking along with mesh distortion has never been addressed. In this paper, we show that the use of a consistent definition of the constrained strain field in the metric space can ensure a lock-free solution even when there is mesh distortion. The three-noded Timoshenko beam element is used to illustrate the principles. Some significant conclusions are drawn regarding the optimal strategy for finite element modelling where distortion effects and field-consistency requirements have to be reconciled simultaneously.

A Multiband Shunt Hybrid Active Filter with Sensorless Control

Surendra Kumar S,Partha Sarathi Sensarma 전력전자학회 2008 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.8 No.4

This paper proposes a Multiband Shunt Hybrid Active Filter (SHAF) with sensorless control. A plant is modeled in the discrete- time domain and a controller is designed using the Pole shifting law in the polynomial domain. This control approach is very useful for filtering the load harmonics with reduced sensor counts where a low cost solution like SHAF is required. Multiple Synchronous Reference Frames (MSRF) and low pass filters are used to measure the 5<SUP>th</SUP> and 7<SUP>th</SUP> harmonic components separately from the load and filter currents. Individual current controllers are designed for the 5<SUP>th</SUP> and 7<SUP>th</SUP> harmonic currents. Control is realized in the stationary, three-phase (abc) reference frame. Performance of the controller is validated through simulation, using realistic plant and controller models, as well as experimentally on a fullscale distribution system.

A Multiband Shunt Hybrid Active Filter With Sensorless Control

Surendra Kumar S,Partha Sarathi Sensarma 전력전자학회 2007 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.- No.-

This paper proposes a Mutiband Shunt Hybrid Active Filter(SHAF) with sensorless control. The plant is modeled in the discrete- time domain and a controller is designed using Pole shifting law in the polynomial domain. This control approach is very useful for filtering the load harmonics with reduced sensor counts where low cost solution like SHAF. Multiple Synchronous Reference Frames (MSRF) and low pass filters are used to measure 5<SUP>th</SUP> and 7<SUP>th</SUP> harmonic components separately from load as well as filter currents. Individual current controllers are designed for the 5<SUP>th</SUP> and 7<SUP>th</SUP> harmonic currents. Control is realized in the stationary, three-phase (abc) reference frame. Performance of the controller is validated through simulation, using realistic plant and controller models, as well as experimentally on a full-scale distribution system.

In Vitro Antioxidant and Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Nardostachys jatamansi DC.

Surendra Kumar Sharma,Ajay Pal Singh 사단법인약침학회 2012 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.5 No.3

In this study, the antioxidative potential of a hydroalcoholic extract of Nardostachys jatamansi rhizomes (NJE) was evaluated by various antioxidant assays, including antioxidant capacity by the phosphomolybdenum method, total antioxidant activity in linoleic acid emulsion systems, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), superoxide, hydroxyl radicals, nitric oxide (NO) scavenging, metal chelating and reducing power activity. These various antioxidant activities were compared to standard antioxidants such as butylated hydroxytoluene, tocopherol, catechin and L-ascorbic acid. Total phenolic and flavonoid content of NJE was also determined by a colorimetric method. The extract exhibited high reduction capability and powerful free radical scavenging, especially against DPPH and superoxide anions as well as a moderate effect on NO. Moreover, the peroxidation inhibiting activity of NJE was demonstrated in the linoleic acid emulsion system. The results obtained in the present study clearly established the antioxidative potency of Nardostachys jatamansi, which may account for some of the medical claims attributed to this plant.

Analysis of impact response and damage in laminated composite cylindrical shells undergoing large deformations

Surendra Kumar 국제구조공학회 2010 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.35 No.3

The impact behaviour and the impact-induced damage in laminated composite cylindrical shell subjected to transverse impact by a foreign object are studied using three-dimensional non-linear transient dynamic finite element formulation. A layered version of 20 noded hexahedral element incorporating geometrical non-linearity is developed based on total Langragian approach. Non-linear system of equations resulting from non-linear strain displacement relation and non-linear contact loading are solved using Newton-Raphson incremental-iterative method. Some example problems of graphite/epoxy cylindrical shell panels are considered with variation of impactor and laminate parameters and influence of geometrical non-linear effect on the impact response and the resulting damage is investigated.

Analysis of impact response and damage in laminated composite cylindrical shells undergoing large deformations

Kumar, Surendra Techno-Press 2010 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.35 No.3

The impact behaviour and the impact-induced damage in laminated composite cylindrical shell subjected to transverse impact by a foreign object are studied using three-dimensional non-linear transient dynamic finite element formulation. A layered version of 20 noded hexahedral element incorporating geometrical non-linearity is developed based on total Langragian approach. Non-linear system of equations resulting from non-linear strain displacement relation and non-linear contact loading are solved using Newton-Raphson incremental-iterative method. Some example problems of graphite/epoxy cylindrical shell panels are considered with variation of impactor and laminate parameters and influence of geometrical non-linear effect on the impact response and the resulting damage is investigated.

A study of steady laminar boundary layer flow and heat transfer along an infinite, porous, hot, vertical continuous moving plate in the presence of heat source and constant free stream

Surendra kumar agarwal,Rachana Mathur,Harsh Vardhan Harsh 장전수학회 2017 Proceedings of the Jangjeon mathematical society Vol.20 No.3

An analysis is made for the study of two- dimensional laminar boundary layer flow of a viscous, incompressible fluid, along an infinite, porous, hot, vertical continuous moving plate. The governing partial differential equations are non-dimensionalized and are solved using Natural Transform Technique. The expressions for velocity field, temperature field, rate of heat transfer and skin-friction have been obtained. The influence of various physical parameters, such as Eckert number Ec, Prandtl number Pr, Grashoff number Gr, plate velocity α and heat source/sink parameters is extensively discussed with the help of graphs to show the physical aspects of the problem. It is found that these parameters significantly affect the flow and heat transfer.

Mesh distortion, locking and the use of metric trial functions for displacement type finite elements

Kumar, Surendra,Prathap, G. Techno-Press 2008 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.29 No.3

The use of metric trial functions to represent the real stress field in what is called the unsymmetric finite element formulation is an effective way to improve predictions from distorted finite elements. This approach works surprisingly well because the use of parametric functions for the test functions satisfies the continuity conditions while the use of metric (Cartesian) shape functions for the trial functions attempts to ensure that the stress representation during finite element computation can retrieve in a best-fit manner, the actual variation of stress in the metric space. However, the issue of how to handle situations where there is locking along with mesh distortion has never been addressed. In this paper, we show that the use of a consistent definition of the constrained strain field in the metric space can ensure a lock-free solution even when there is mesh distortion. The three-noded Timoshenko beam element is used to illustrate the principles. Some significant conclusions are drawn regarding the optimal strategy for finite element modelling where distortion effects and field-consistency requirements have to be reconciled simultaneously.

Tobacco Use and Oral Leukoplakia: Cross-sectional Study among the Gond Tribe in Madhya Pradesh

Kumar, Surendra,Muniyandi, Malaisamy Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.4

Background: Leukoplakia is an asymptomatic and potentially malignant change in the oral mucosa and high frequencies have been reported among smokers. The present study concerned the prevalence of tobacco use and leukoplakia and also associations between the two. Study design: This cross sectional survey was conducted amongst the Gond tribal population of Kundam Block, Jabalpur district, Madhya Pradesh state, Central India during 2007 to 2009. Screening for leukoplakia was conducted by a medical officer with two mouth mirrors. It is only based on visual inspection and oral pathology was not performed. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect information on socio-demographic and smoking habits. Prevalence of leukoplakia among users and non-users of tobacco was calculated in terms of percentages. Results: Of 1,552 individuals aged more than 12 years of age who were screened, 144 (9.3%) were found to have oral leukoplakia. The prevalence of leukoplakia was significantly elevated among tobacco users as compared to non-users (11% vs 2.5%; p<0.001). The percentage of leukoplakia was almost similar in both tobacco smokers and chewers (9% vs 11%; p=0.304). However, the percentage of leukoplakia was especially high among those chewers who also smoked tobacco (21.9%). Conclusions: The findings of the present study showed a positive effect of tobacco use and prevalence of leukoplakia. Also the prevalence was very high among Gond tribe, a marginalized population living in central India. There is a need for effective screening and treatment of leukoplakia in this area.