Influence of Al2O3 Content and Cooling Rate on Crystallization in Fe2O3–CaO–SiO2–Al2O3 Systems

Tae Jun Park,Joon Sung Choi,Dong Joon Min 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.9

The behavior of silico-ferrite of calcium and aluminum (SFCA) phases and the influence of sintered ore quality were investigatedusing a confocal laser scanning microscope to understand how the Al2O3content of iron ore affects the sintered orestructure and the crystallization behavior of SFCA in a Fe2O3–CaO–Al2O3–SiO2 pseudo-quaternary system. The experimentalresults were used to inform simulations of the heterogeneous dynamic behavior in response to the rapid temperature changesand various chemical compositions typically encountered in actual sintering processes. Increasing the Al2O3content in theFe2O3–CaO–Al2O3–SiO2 pseudo-quaternary system led to the hematite content decreasing, which affects the reducibilityof the sintered ore. The correlation between the creation of SFCA and the cooling effect associated with varying the Al2O3is discussed in detail.

Elevated TRAF2/6 expression in Parkinson's disease is caused by the loss of Parkin E3 ligase activity.

Chung, Ji-Yun,Park, Hee Ra,Lee, Su-Jin,Lee, Sun-Hye,Kim, Jin Sik,Jung, Youn-Sang,Hwang, Sang Hyun,Ha, Nam-Chul,Seol, Won-Gi,Lee, Jaewon,Park, Bum-Joon United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology [e 2013 Laboratory investigation Vol.93 No.6

<P>Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second leading neurodegenerative disease, and is known to be induced by environmental factors or genetic mutations. Among the verified genetic mutations of PD, Parkin, isolated from the PARK2 locus, shows an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern and is known to be an E3 ligase. However, the physiological target of Parkin and the molecular mechanism of Parkin-deficiency-induced PD have not been clearly demonstrated until now. It has recently been proposed that inflammation, suggesting as a causal factor for PD, is enhanced by Parkin deficiency. Thus, we examined the relationship between inflammation-related factors and Parkin. Here, we provide the evidence that Parkin suppresses inflammation and cytokine-induced cell death by promoting the proteasomal degradation of TRAF2/6 (TNF-α receptor-associated factor 2/6). Overexpression of Parkin can reduce the half-lives of TRAF2 and TRAF6, whereas si-Parkin can extend them. However, mutant Parkins did not alter the expression of TRAF2/6. Thus, loss of Parkin enhances sensitivity to TNF-α- or IL-1β-induced JNK activation and NF-κB activation. Indeed, si-Parkin-induced apoptosis is suppressed by the knockdown of TRAF6 or TRAF2. We also observed elevated expression levels of TRAF6 and a reduction of IκB in an 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced PD mouse model. Moreover, elevated expression levels or aggregation of TRAF6 were detected in approximately half of the human PD tissues (7/15 cases) and 2 cases, respectively. In addition, TRAF6 and Parkin expression levels show a reverse relationship in human PD tissues. Our results strongly suggest that the reduction of Parkin or overexpression of TRAF2/6 by chronic inflammation would be the reason for occurrence of PD.</P>

LNT를 통해 분석한 국립공원 탐방목적과 산행 윤리 의식의 상관성 : 내장산국립공원 백양사지구와 남창지구를 중심으로

최형철(Choi Hyung Chul),박재철(Park Jae Chul),노재현(Roh Jae Hyun),신상섭(Shin Sang Sup),허준(Huh Joon) 한국산림휴양학회 2010 한국산림휴양학회지 Vol.14 No.3

본 연구는 LNT 항목의 분석을 통해서 산행 목적과 산행윤리의식 사이의 차이를 규명하기 위하여 수행되었다. 이를 위해서, 내장산국립공원의 백양사지구와 남창지구를 사례로 연구를 수행하였다. 이를 통해 국립공원 방문목적에 따라서 윤리 의식이 유의한 차이가 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 다시 말하면, 산행목적의 탐방객이 행락 목적의 탐방객보다 윤리 의식이 높은 것을 확인할 수 있었다. This study was performed to identify the difference between purpose and ethics consciousness of national park visit through analysis of LNT(Leave No Trace) items. For this, case study was performed in the Baekyangsa and Namchang district in Naejang national park. Study methods were questionnaire and statistic analyses. Through these, the difference of Ethics Consciousness of national park visit according to visit purpose of one was identified. In other words, it was identified that visitors for climbing purpose had higher than those for pleasure-making in Ethics Consciousness of National Park Visit.

대형 할인매장 주차장 이용만족도의 영향요인 분석

임준범 ( Joon Bum Lim ),이수범 ( Soo Beom Lee ),성정곤 ( Jung Gon Sung ),박준태 ( Jun Tae Park ) 한국안전학회(구 한국산업안전학회) 2012 한국안전학회지 Vol.27 No.4

This research has analyzed factors affecting customers` satisfaction when they use parking lots of big retailers so that, in case of constructing, operating or managing such retailers, proper measures can be come up with. The analysis has been implemented on the basis of survey, and influence factors including entry/exit lamp, parking cars`` traffic flow, parking type, pedestrians`` movement after parking and safety. Parking lot users`` satisfaction has been analyzed by using the Structural Equation Modelling and, as a result of it, in case of a detached or single building, pedestrians movement flow after parking contributed the most to the users`` satisfaction, while, in case of multipurpose complex, parking cars traffic flow has the most influential factor. It is interpreted that users of a single building put a bigger emphasis on entry to the shop and their way back to the parked area after their shopping while customers of multipurpose complex might have various purposes of visiting the place and there are relatively more cars so that they put more emphasis on traffic counterflow, other cars and pedestrians.

Characteristics of the “young-old” and “old-old” community-dwelling suicidal Ideators: A longitudinal 6-month follow-up study

Park, C. Hyung Keun,Lee, Jae Won,Lee, Sang Yeol,Shim, Se-Hoon,Kim, Shin Gyeom,Lee, Jeewon,Kim, Min-Hyuk,Paik, Jong-Woo,Cho, Seong-Jin,Moon, Jung-Joon,Jeon, Dong-Wook,Kim, Seokho,Park, Jae-Hyun,You, Su Grune & Stratton 2019 Comprehensive psychiatry Vol.89 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background</B></P> <P>Despite heterogeneity of older people in suicidal behavior, research identifying characteristics by age groups is scarce. We examined baseline features of older community-dwelling suicidal ideators by dichotomized age groups and the 6-month trajectory of their suicidal ideation along with its related psychopathology. Predictors of suicidal ideation within each group were investigated.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>Older community-dwelling suicidal ideators enrolled in the Korean Cohort for the Model Predicting a Suicide and Suicide-related Behavior study were subdivided into the “young-old (65–74 years)” and “old-old (≥75 years)” group. Baseline, 1-, and 6-month assessments were compared. Within each group, multiple regression analysis using rating scales (Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, Stress Questionnaire for Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey-Short Form, and Social Relationships Scale) was conducted to identify predictors of suicidal ideation measured with the intensity subscale of the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale. Two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (RM-ANOVA) was used to compare changes in suicidal ideation, depression, anxiety between age groups over time, and one-way RM-ANOVA to examine changes within each age group.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>Among 29 “young-old” and 53 “old-old” ideators, the latter were less likely to be receiving psychiatric treatment (odds ratio [OR] = 4.065) and make suicide attempts (OR = 2.874), whereas the former revealed greater levels of anxiety and stress. Baseline depression and stress in the “young-old” group and the “old-old” group, respectively, predicted the intensity of suicidal ideation at both baseline and 1-month assessments. No significant age group x time interactions on suicidal ideation and depression were found. However, within each age group, both suicidal ideation and depression significantly decreased only during the first month with no further improvement.</P> <P><B>Conclusion</B></P> <P>We speculate cautiously that more attention may need to be paid to the “old-old” ideators in the evaluation of psychiatric issues and for referral to psychiatrists. To decrease suicidal ideation, tailored approaches involving proactive, timely management of depression in the “young-old” and interventions focusing on stress reduction in the “old-old,” would be helpful.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> “Young-old (65–74)” and “old-old (≥75)” suicidal ideators have different features. </LI> <LI> “Old-old” suicidal ideators need to receive more psychiatric attention. </LI> <LI> Higher depression predicts greater suicidal ideation in the “young-old”. </LI> <LI> Higher stress is associated with greater suicidal ideation in the “old-old”. </LI> <LI> Significant reductions in elderly suicidal ideation and depression occur initially. </LI> </UL> </P>

Validation of non-invasive brain temperature estimation models during swine therapeutic hypothermia

Sung, Dong Suk,Sim, Soo Young,Jin, Hyung Won,Kwon, Woon Yong,Kim, Kyung Su,Kim, Taegyun,Jung, Yoon Sun,Ko, Jung-In,Shin, So Mi,Suh, Gil Joon,Park, Kwang Suk IOP 2019 PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASUREMENT Vol.40 No.2

<P> <I>Objectives</I>: This paper introduces a mathematical model that can estimate deep brain temperature during therapeutic hypothermia (TH) based on a double sensor method (DSM). Although the cerebral temperature is more important than the non-cerebral core temperature during TH, pulmonary artery (PA), rectal, and esophageal measurements (i.e. the typical core temperature measurement locations) have all been used for target temperature management. This is because there is no safe means of measuring the exact brain temperature. <I>Approach</I>: We applied a double sensor thermometer to the subject’s forehead to measure the cerebral temperature non-invasively. Invasive and non-invasive brain temperature readings were acquired for 11 pigs, seven of which were used to develop an optimal model using jackknife resampling and four of which were used to test the model. <I>Main results</I>: The logit model exhibited the best performance of 0.134 °C root mean square error and a 0.993 Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient (CCC). Each test dataset had acceptable results in that each 95% limit of agreement was within the range of clinical acceptance of [−0.5 °C, 0.5 °C]. Three of the four datasets yielded an ‘almost perfect’ score for Lin’s CCC. <I>Significance</I>: Only a small number of studies have compared invasively and non-invasively measured brain temperatures, while most previous studies have concentrated on comparison with the core temperature. Furthermore, the possibility of measuring the exact brain temperature safely during TH using a DSM is shown in this work.</P>

Extract from Terminalia chebula seeds protect against experimental ischemic neuronal damage via maintaining SODs and BDNF levels.

Park, Joon Ha,Joo, Han Seung,Yoo, Ki-Yeon,Shin, Bich Na,Kim, In Hye,Lee, Choong Hyun,Choi, Jung Hoon,Byun, Kyunghee,Lee, Bonghee,Lim, Soon Sung,Kim, Myong Jo,Won, Moo-Ho Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers 2011 Neurochem Res Vol.36 No.11

<P>The fruit of Terminalia chebula Retz has been used as a traditional medicine in Asia and contains tannic acid, chebulagic acid, chebulinic acid and corilagin. Extract from T. chebula seeds (TCE) has various biological functions. We observed the neuroprotective effects of TCE against ischemic damage in the hippocampal C1 region (CA1) of the gerbil that had received oral administrations of TCE (100?mg/kg) once a day for 7?days before the induction of transient cerebral ischemia. In the TCE-treated ischemia group, neuronal neuclei (a marker for neurons)-positive neurons were distinctively abundant (62% of the sham group) in the CA1 4?days after ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) compared to those (12.2% of the sham group) in the vehicle-treated ischemia group. Four days after I-R TCE treatment markedly decreased the activation of astrocytes and microglia in the ischemic CA1 compared with the vehicle-treated ischemia group. In addition, immunoreactivities of Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1), Mn-superoxide dismutase (SOD2) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the CA1 of the TCE-treated ischemia group were much higher than those in the vehicle-ischemia group 4?days after I-R. Protein levels of SOD1, SOD2 and BDNF in the TCE-treated ischemia group were also much higher than those in the vehicle-ischemia group 4?days after I-R. These results indicate that the repeated supplement of TCE protected neurons from ischemic damage induced by transient cerebral ischemia by maintaining SODs and BDNF levels as well as decreasing glial activation.</P>

The Prevalence and Characteristics of Brown Adipose Tissue in an $^{18}F$-FDG PET Study of Koreans

Park, Joon-Yeun,Lim, Jung-Sub,Park, Eun-Young,Cho, A-Ra,Kim, Byeong-Il,Cheon, Gi-Jeong,Choi, Chang-Woon,Lim, Sang-Moo The Korea Society of Nuclear Medicine 2010 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.44 No.3

Purpose The object of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in Korean subjects using $^{18}F$-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography ($^{18}F$-FDG PET). Methods Six thousand and five consecutive $^{18}F$-FDG PET/CT scans of 5,115 patients (3,007 females and 2,108 males, mean age 53.5 years) were retrospectively reviewed. We characterized the nature of BAT, such as its location, and we assessed the influence of sex, age, body mass index (BMI), and temperature on BAT. Results The prevalence of BAT in Koreans in a single $^{18}F$-FDG PET/CT scan in average conditions was 1.07%. The BAT detection rate was higher in females than males (1.32% vs 0.73%), and also with younger age (7.94% vs 0.73%), lower BMI (BMI with BAT, 21.1 vs BMI without BAT, 23.15) and cold outdoor temperature (1.65% vs 0.49%). The most frequent location of BAT was the supraclavicular area (left, 0.91%; right, 0.88%) and ventral neck area (left, 0.62%; right, 0.63%). Conclusions The characteristics of BAT in Koreans are not different from those described for Caucasians. However, the low prevalence of BAT in our study might be related to some scan condition like ambient temperature, but further study is needed.

Antioxidant Activities of Broccoli Extracts at different Harvest Times

Joon-Ho Hwang,Kyeong-Yeol Park,You-Sung Oh,Sang-Bin Lim 한국식품영양과학회 2012 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2012 No.10

Epilepsy in Korean patients with Angelman syndrome

Park, Sung-Hee,Yoon, Jung-Rim,Kim, Heung-Dong,Lee, Joon-Soo,Lee, Young-Mock,Kang, Hoon-Chul The Korean Pediatric Society 2012 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.55 No.5

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the natural history of epilepsy and response to anti-epileptic drug treatment in patients with Angelman syndrome (AS) in Korea. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of 14 patients diagnosed with epilepsy out of a total of 17 patients with a genetic diagnosis of AS. These patients were seen at the Department of Pediatric Neurology at Severance Children's Hospital from March 2005 to March 2011. Results: Fourteen (9 males and 5 females) subjects (82.3%) were diagnosed with epilepsy in AS. The most common seizure types were generalized tonic-clonic (n=9, 27%) and myoclonic (n=9, 27%), followed by atonic (n=8, 24%), atypical absence (n=4, 12%) and complex partial seizure (n=3, 9%). The most commonly prescribed antiepileptic drug (AED) was valproic acid (VPA, n=12, 86%), followed by lamotrigine (LTG, n=9, 64%), and topiramate (n=8, 57%). According to questionnaires that determined whether each AED was efficacious or not, VPA had the highest response rate and LTG was associated with the highest rate of seizure exacerbation. Complete control of seizures was achieved in 6 patients. Partial control was achieved in 7 patients, while one patient was not controlled. Conclusion: Epilepsy is observed in the great majority of AS patients. It may have early onset and is often refractory to treatment. There are few reports about epilepsy in AS in Korea. This study will be helpful in understanding epilepsy in AS in Korea.