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Barbara Streets,Yong Deuk Choi 한국노인복지학회 2013 International Journal of Welfare for the Aged Vol.28 No.-
In this study, we analyzed various factors for attitudes about old people and aging. In purpose of this study was twofold: first, we examined the relationships between demographic variables such as age, gender, education, marital status and attitude toward aging; and second we examined the relationships between personality traits such as neuroticism, extraversion, and conscientiousness and attitude toward aging. Subjects were a convenience sample of 312 college students (mean age = 20.8, SD = 3.1) at a university in Upstate New York. Questionnaires included demographic factors, the Reaction to Ageing Questionnaire (RAQ), and three personality traits from NEO-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI). The most influential factors for improving positive attitudes are experiences with old people. Pearson correlations showed that two personality traits such as neuroticism and conscientiousness were correlated with overall attitude toward aging.
Surface ozone background in the United States: Canadian and Mexican pollution influences
Wang, H.,Jacob, D.J.,Le Sager, P.,Streets, D.G.,Park, R.J.,Gilliland, A.B.,van Donkelaar, A. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier [distribution] 2009 Atmospheric environment Vol.43 No.6
We use a global chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) with 1<SUP>o</SUP>x1<SUP>o</SUP> horizontal resolution to quantify the effects of anthropogenic emissions from Canada, Mexico, and outside North America on daily maximum 8-hour average ozone concentrations in US surface air. Simulations for summer 2001 indicate mean North American and US background concentrations of 26+/-8ppb and 30+/-8ppb, as obtained by eliminating anthropogenic emissions in North America vs. in the US only. The US background never exceeds 60ppb in the model. The Canadian and Mexican pollution enhancement averages 3+/-4ppb in the US in summer but can be occasionally much higher in downwind regions of the northeast and southwest, peaking at 33ppb in upstate New York (on a day with 75ppb total ozone) and 18ppb in southern California (on a day with 68ppb total ozone). The model is successful in reproducing the observed variability of ozone in these regions, including the occurrence and magnitude of high-ozone episodes influenced by transboundary pollution. We find that exceedances of the 75ppb US air quality standard in eastern Michigan, western New York, New Jersey, and southern California are often associated with Canadian and Mexican pollution enhancements in excess of 10ppb. Sensitivity simulations with 2020 emission projections suggest that Canadian pollution influence in the Northeast US will become comparable in magnitude to that from domestic power plants.
Source Forensics of Black Carbon Aerosols from China
Chen, Bing,Andersson, August,Lee, Meehye,Kirillova, Elena N.,Xiao, Qianfen,Kruså,, Martin,Shi, Meinan,Hu, Ke,Lu, Zifeng,Streets, David G.,Du, Ke,Gustafsson, Ö,rjan American Chemical Society 2013 Environmental science & technology Vol.47 No.16
<P>The limited understanding of black carbon (BC) aerosol emissions from incomplete combustion causes a poorly constrained anthropogenic climate warming that globally may be second only to CO<SUB>2</SUB> and regionally, such as over East Asia, the dominant driver of climate change. The relative contribution to atmospheric BC from fossil fuel versus biomass combustion is important to constrain as fossil BC is a stronger climate forcer. The source apportionment is the underpinning for targeted mitigation actions. However, technology-based “bottom-up” emission inventories are inconclusive, largely due to uncertain BC emission factors from small-scale/household combustion and open burning. We use “top-down” radiocarbon measurements of atmospheric BC from five sites including three city sites and two regional sites to determine that fossil fuel combustion produces 80 ± 6% of the BC emitted from China. This source-diagnostic radiocarbon signal in the ambient aerosol over East Asia establishes a much larger role for fossil fuel combustion than suggested by all 15 BC emission inventory models, including one with monthly resolution. Our results suggest that current climate modeling should refine both BC emission strength and consider the stronger radiative absorption associated with fossil-fuel-derived BC. To mitigate near-term climate effects and improve air quality in East Asia, activities such as residential coal combustion and city traffic should be targeted.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/esthag/2013/esthag.2013.47.issue-16/es401599r/production/images/medium/es-2013-01599r_0005.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/es401599r'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
MOA-2010-BLG-073L: AN M-DWARF WITH A SUBSTELLAR COMPANION AT THE PLANET/BROWN DWARF BOUNDARY
Street, R. A.,Choi, J.-Y.,Tsapras, Y.,Han, C.,Furusawa, K.,Hundertmark, M.,Gould, A.,Sumi, T.,Bond, I. A.,Wouters, D.,Zellem, R.,Udalski, A.,Snodgrass, C.,Horne, K.,Dominik, M.,Browne, P.,Kains, N.,Br IOP Publishing 2013 The Astrophysical journal Vol.763 No.1
<P>We present an analysis of the anomalous microlensing event, MOA-2010-BLG-073, announced by the Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics survey on 2010 March 18. This event was remarkable because the source was previously known to be photometrically variable. Analyzing the pre-event source light curve, we demonstrate that it is an irregular variable over timescales >200 days. Its dereddened color, (V - I)(S),(0), is 1.221 +/- 0.051 mag, and from our lens model we derive a source radius of 14.7 +/- 1.3 R-circle dot, suggesting that it is a red giant star. We initially explored a number of purely microlensing models for the event but found a residual gradient in the data taken prior to and after the event. This is likely to be due to the variability of the source rather than part of the lensing event, so we incorporated a slope parameter in our model in order to derive the true parameters of the lensing system. We find that the lensing system has a mass ratio of q = 0.0654 +/- 0.0006. The Einstein crossing time of the event, t(E) = 44.3 +/- 0.1 days, was sufficiently long that the light curve exhibited parallax effects. In addition, the source trajectory relative to the large caustic structure allowed the orbital motion of the lens system to be detected. Combining the parallax with the Einstein radius, we were able to derive the distance to the lens, D-L = 2.8 +/- 0.4 kpc, and the masses of the lensing objects. The primary of the lens is an M-dwarf with M-L,M-1 = 0.16 +/- 0.03 M-circle dot, while the companion has M-L,M-2 = 11.0 +/- 2.0 M-J, putting it in the boundary zone between planets and brown dwarfs.</P>
Printed Polymer and a-Si TFT Backplanes for Flexible Displays
Street, R.A.,Wong, W.S.,Ready, S.E.,Chabinyc, M.L.,Arias, A.C.,Daniel, J.H.,Apte, R.B.,Salleo, A.,Lujan, R.,Ong, Beng,Wu, Yiliang The Korean Infomation Display Society 2005 Journal of information display Vol.6 No.3
The need for low cost, flexible, thin film transistor (TFT) display backplanes has focused attention on new processing techniques and materials. We report the development of TFT backplane technology based entirely on jet-printing, using a combination of additive and subtractive processing, to print active materials or etch masks. The technique eliminates the use of photolithography and has the potential to reduce the array manufacturing cost. The printing technique is demonstrated with both amorphous silicon and polymer semiconductor TFT arrays, and we show results of small prototype displays.
Street, Tamara D.,Thomas, Drew L. Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2017 Safety and health at work Vol.8 No.1
Background: Rates of overweight and obese Australians are high and continue to rise, putting a large proportion of the population at risk of chronic illness. Examining characteristics associated with preference for a work-based weight-loss program will enable employers to better target programs to increase enrolment and benefit employees' health and fitness for work. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was undertaken at two Australian mining sites. The survey collected information on employee demographics, health characteristics, work characteristics, stages of behavior change, and preference for workplace assistance with reaching a healthy weight. Results: A total of 897 employees participated; 73.7% were male, and 68% had a body mass index in the overweight or obese range. Employees at risk of developing obesity-related chronic illnesses (based on high body mass index) were more likely to report preference for weight management assistance than lower risk employees. This indicates that, even in the absence of workplace promotion for weight management, some at risk employees want workplace assistance. Employees who were not aware of a need to change their current nutrition or physical activity behaviors were less likely to seek assistance. This indicates that practitioners need to communicate the negative effects of excess weight and promote the benefits of a healthy lifestyle to increase the likelihood of weight management. Conclusion: Weight management programs should provide information, motivation. and trouble-shooting assistance to meet the needs of at-risk mining employees, including those who are attempting to change and maintain behaviors to achieve a healthy weight and be suitably fit for work.