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RISS 인기검색어
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- 저자 : Stefan Schneider (검색결과 4 건)
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Schneider, Thomas,Schellenberg, Maja,Meyer, Stefan,Keller, Felix,Gehrig, Peter,Riedel, Kathrin,Lee, Youngsook,Eberl, Leo,Martinoia, Enrico WILEY-VCH Verlag 2009 Proteomics Vol.9 No.10
<P>Although the vacuole is the most important final store for toxic heavy metals like cadmium (Cd<SUP>2+</SUP>), our knowledge on how they are transported into the vacuole is still insufficient. It has been suggested that Cd<SUP>2+</SUP> can be transported as phytochelatin-Cd<SUP>2+</SUP> by an unknown ABC transporter or in exchange with protons by cation/proton exchanger (CAX) transporters. To unravel the contribution of vacuolar transporters to Cd<SUP>2+</SUP> detoxification, a quantitative proteomics approach was performed. Highly purified vacuoles were isolated from barley plants grown under minus, low (20 μM), and high (200 μM) Cd<SUP>2+ </SUP>conditions and protein levels of the obtained tonoplast samples were analyzed using isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ™). Although 56 vacuolar transporter proteins were identified, only a few were differentially expressed. Under low-Cd<SUP>2+</SUP> conditions, an inorganic pyrophosphatase and a γ-tonoplast intrinsic protein (γ-TIP) were up-regulated, indicating changes in energization and water fluxes. In addition, the protein ratio of a CAX1a and a natural resistance-associated macrophage protein (NRAMP), responsible for vacuolar Fe<SUP>2+</SUP> export was increased. CAX1a might play a role in vacuolar Cd<SUP>2+</SUP> transport. An increase in NRAMP activity leads to a higher cytosolic Fe<SUP>2+</SUP> concentration, which may prevent the exchange of Fe<SUP>2+</SUP> by toxic Cd<SUP>2+</SUP>. Additionally, an ABC transporter homolog to AtMRP3 showed up-regulation. Under high Cd<SUP>2+</SUP> conditions, the plant response was more specific. Only a protein homologous to AtMRP3 that showed already a response under low Cd<SUP>2+</SUP> conditions, was up-regulated. Interestingly, AtMRP3 is able to partially rescue a Cd<SUP>2+</SUP>-sensitive yeast mutant. The identified transporters are good candidates for further investigation of their roles in Cd<SUP>2+</SUP> detoxification.</P>
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Janina Kirchhoff,Andreas Schiermeyer,Katja Schneider,Rainer Fischer,W. Michael Ainley,Steven R. Webb,Helga Schinkel,Stefan Schillberg 한국식물생명공학회 2020 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.14 No.4
Genome editing tools such as zinc-finger nucleases provide novel strategies for genetic manipulation in plants. Unlike agrobacterium- mediated or direct gene transfer, which introduce genes randomly into the genome and thereby potentially resulting in high variation of gene expression, the targeted gene addition provides predictable integration of DNA sequences into a specified location of the plant genome. We investigated whether various independent cell lines that all contain a transgene placed in the same genomic locus by zinc-finger nuclease-mediated homologous recombination (HR) would yield a more reproducible and homogeneous level of expression compared to integration events generated via agrobacterium-mediated transformation at random sites. The variance of gene expression of targeted HR events and random integration events was analyzed in Nicotiana tabacum L cv. Bright Yellow 2 (BY-2) suspension cells by measuring protein amount produced from the transgene by flow cytometry, thus providing the first report on positional effects of marker gene expression in a quickly proliferating plant suspension cell line. Marker protein levels of targeted HR and single-copy random events covered a similar range; however, the uniformity of protein expression in a given cell line was significantly higher in targeted events than in lines with randomly inserted transgene; the same is true for the overall viability of protoplasts from HR lines. In conclusion, using targeted insertion into a qualified locus of a well-characterized line leads to more reliable results than random insertion into the genome.
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Jee, M. James,Tyson, J. Anthony,Hilbert, Stefan,Schneider, Michael D.,Schmidt, Samuel,Wittman, David American Astronomical Society 2016 The Astrophysical journal Vol.824 No.2
<P>We present a tomographic cosmic shear study from the Deep Lens Survey (DLS), which, providing a limiting magnitude r(lim) similar to 27 (5 sigma), is designed as a precursor Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) survey with an emphasis on depth. Using five tomographic redshift bins, we study their auto- and cross-correlations to constrain cosmological parameters. We use a luminosity-dependent nonlinear model to account for the astrophysical systematics originating from intrinsic alignments of galaxy shapes. We find that the cosmological leverage of the DLS is among the highest among existing > 10 deg(2) cosmic shear surveys. Combining the DLS tomography with the 9 yr results of the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP9) gives Omega(m) = 0.293(-0.014)(+0.012), sigma(8) = 0.833(-0.018)(+0.011), H-0 = 68.6(-1.2)(+1.4) km s(-1) Mpc(-1).4 1 1, and Omega(b) = 0.0475 +/- 0.0012 for Lambda CDM, reducing the uncertainties of the WMAP9-only constraints by similar to 50%. When we do not assume flatness for Lambda CDM, we obtain the curvature constraint Omega(k) = -0.010(-0.015)(+0.013) from the DLS+WMAP9 combination, which, however, is not well constrained when WMAP9 is used alone. The dark energy equation-of-state parameter w is tightly constrained when baryonic acoustic oscillation (BAO) data are added, yielding = - w -1.02(-0.09)(+0.10) with the DLS+WMAP9+BAO joint probe. The addition of supernova constraints further tightens the parameter to w = -1.03 +/- 0.03. Our joint constraints are fully consistent with the final Planck results and also with the predictions of a Lambda CDM universe.</P>
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