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Method of Optimal Allocation of SVR in Distribution Feeders with Renewable Energy Sources
Takahashi, Shuhei,Hayashi, Yasuhiro,Tsuji, Masaki,Kamiya, Eiji The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2012 The Journal of International Council on Electrical Vol.2 No.2
In this paper, the authors propose a determination method of optimal allocation and transfer of step voltage regulators (SVRs) in distribution feeders with renewable energy sources (RES). The feature of the proposed method is to determine optimal allocation and transfer of SVRs based on the forecasted amount of PV introduced to distribution feeders a few years later and cooperative controlling of SVRs and LRT. In the proposed method, voltage margin is maximized under a constraint that all the node voltages are controlled within the proper range for a certain period of years. In order to verify the validity of the proposed method, the optimal allocation and transfer of SVRs obtained by the proposed method is compared with the optimal one of the conventional approach. In the numerical simulation results, the number of transfer and install of SVR with the proposed method is reduced from those of conventional method.
[New insights into the pathogenesis of neuromyelitis optica]
Misu, Tatsuro,Takahashi, Toshiyuki,Nishiyama, Shuhei,Takano, Rina,Nakashima, Ichiro,Fujihara, Kazuo,Itoyama, Yasuto 醫學書院 2010 Brain and nerve Vol.62 No.9
<P>Recently, the disease-specific antibody was found in the sera from neuromyelitis optica (NMO) patients, and its target was identified as aquaporin-4 (AQP4), mainly expressed in astroglial foot processes. In our immunohistochemical studies, loss of AQP4 and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) was evident in about 90% of NMO lesions, especially in perivascular areas of acute inflammatory lesions where immunoglobulins and complements were deposited. In contrast, myelin basic protein (MBP)-stained myelinated fibers were relatively preserved in those lesions, which probably suggested the secondary damage of myelin sheaths following astrocytic damage. Recently, there are developing evidences of the effect of AQP4 antibody in vitro or in vivo. In HEK293 cells transfected with AQP4, AQP4 antibody could bind to the membrane AQP4, and induced the degradation and endocytosis of AQP4 in complement-dependent manner. In vitro experiments by primary cultured astrocytes, AQP4 antibody had cytotoxic effects with complement, and also could impair the astrocytic function such as the maintenance of the blood brain barrier or glutamate homeostasis. In vivo study, the lesions lacking AQP4 and GFAP was appeared by passive-transferred Lewis rats with human purified IgG from NMO patients. Furthermore, in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker study, astrocytic damage reflected by marked increase of CSF-GFAP, far severe than demyelination (CSF-MBP), was evident in NMO but not in classical multiple sclerosis (MS). These evidences suggested the pathogenic role of AQP4 antibody with astrocytopathy in NMO. Now it is indispensable to check the AQP4 antibody,and is important to reconsider the role of astrocyte in demyelinating disorders.</P>
Ishiguro, Masateru,Kuroda, Daisuke,Hanayama, Hidekazu,Takahashi, Jun,Hasegawa, Sunao,Sarugaku, Yuki,Watanabe, Makoto,Imai, Masataka,Goda, Shuhei,Akitaya, Hiroshi,Takagi, Yuhei,Morihana, Kumiko,Honda, IOP Publishing 2015 ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS - Vol.798 No.2
<P>We report a new observation of the Jupiter family comet 209P/LINEAR during its 2014 return. The comet is recognized as a dust source of a new meteor shower, the May Camelopardalids. 209P/LINEAR was apparently inactive at a heliocentric distance r(h) = 1.6AU and showed weak activity at r(h) <= 1.4AU. We found an active region of <0.001% of the entire nuclear surface during the comet's dormant phase. An edge-on image suggests that particles up to 1 cm in size (with an uncertainty of factor 3-5) were ejected following a differential power-law size distribution with index q = -3.25 +/- 0.10. We derived a mass-loss rate of 2-10 kg s(-1) during the active phase and a total mass of approximate to 5 x 10(7) kg during the 2014 return. The ejection terminal velocity of millimeter- to centimeter-sized particles was 1-4ms(-1), which is comparable to the escape velocity from the nucleus (1.4ms(-1)). These results imply that such large meteoric particles marginally escaped from the highly dormant comet nucleus via the gas drag force only within a few months of the perihelion passage.</P>
OPTICAL AND NEAR-INFRARED POLARIMETRY FOR A HIGHLY DORMANT COMET 209P/LINEAR
Kuroda, Daisuke,Ishiguro, Masateru,Watanabe, Makoto,Akitaya, Hiroshi,Takahashi, Jun,Hasegawa, Sunao,Ui, Takahiro,Kanda, Yuka,Takaki, Katsutoshi,Itoh, Ryosuke,Moritani, Yuki,Imai, Masataka,Goda, Shuhei IOP Publishing 2015 The Astrophysical journal Vol.814 No.2
<P>We conducted an optical and near-infrared polarimetric observation of the highly dormant Jupiter-Family Comet, 209P/LINEAR. Because of its low activity, we were able to determine the linear polarization degrees of the coma dust particles and nucleus independently, that is P-n = 30.3(-0.9)(+1.3)% at alpha = 92 degrees.2 and P-n = 31.0(-0.7)(+1.0)% at alpha = 99 degrees.5 for the nucleus, and P-c = 28.8(-0.4)(+0.4)% at alpha = 92 degrees.2 and 29.6(-0.3)(+0.3)% at alpha = 99 degrees.5 for the coma. We detected no significant variation in P at the phase angle coverage of 92 degrees.2-99 degrees.5, which may imply that the obtained polarization degrees are nearly at maximum in the phase-polarization curves. By fitting with an empirical function, we obtained the maximum values of linear polarization degrees P-max = 30.8% for the nucleus and P-max = 29.6% for the dust coma. The P-max of the dust coma is consistent with those of dust-rich comets. The low geometric albedo of P-v. =. 0.05 was derived from the slope-albedo relationship and was associated with high P-max. We examined P-max-albedo relations between asteroids and 209P, and found that the so-called Umov law seems to be applicable on this cometary surface.</P>