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Kim, Jae-Ouk,Rho, Semi,Kim, Su Hee,Kim, Heejoo,Song, Hyo Jin,Kim, Eun Jin,Kim, Ryang Yeo,Kim, Eun Hye,Sinha, Anuradha,Dey, Ayan,Yang, Jae Seung,Song, Man Ki,Nandy, Ranjan Kumar,Czerkinsky, Cecil,Kim, American Society for Microbiology 2015 CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY Vol.22 No.4
<P>In developing countries, <I>Shigella</I> is a primary cause of diarrhea in infants and young children. Although antibiotic therapy is an effective treatment for shigellosis, therapeutic options are narrowing due to the emergence of antibiotic resistance. Thus, preventive vaccination could become the most efficacious approach for controlling shigellosis. We have identified several conserved protein antigens that are shared by multiple <I>Shigella</I> serotypes and species. Among these, one antigen induced cross-protection against experimental shigellosis, and we have named it pan-<I>Shigella</I> surface protein 1 (PSSP-1). PSSP-1-induced protection requires a mucosal administration route and coadministration of an adjuvant. When PSSP-1 was administered intranasally, it induced cross-protection against <I>Shigella flexneri</I> serotypes 2a, 5a, and 6, <I>Shigella boydii</I>, <I>Shigella sonnei</I>, and <I>Shigella dysenteriae</I> serotype 1. Intradermally administered PSSP-1 induced strong serum antibody responses but failed to induce protection in the mouse lung pneumonia model. In contrast, intranasal administration elicited efficient local and systemic antibody responses and production of interleukin 17A and gamma interferon. Interestingly, blood samples from patients with recent-onset shigellosis showed variable but significant mucosal antibody responses to other conserved <I>Shigella</I> protein antigens but not to PSSP-1. We suggest that PSSP-1 is a promising antigen for a broadly protective vaccine against <I>Shigella</I>.</P>
Choi, Jong Su,Kim, Ryang Yeo,Rho, Semi,Ewann, Fanny,Mielcarek, Nathalie,Song, Man Ki,Czerkinsky, Cecil,Kim, Jae-Ouk Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2012 Osong Public Health and Research Persptectives Vol.3 No.2
<P><B>Objectives</B></P><P>Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination has proven to be efficient in immunologically naïve infants; however, it has not been investigated that maternal natural exposure to <I>Mycobacterium</I> and/or BCG vaccine could influence the characteristics of immune responses to BCG in newborns. In this study, we analyzed whether the maternal immune status to <I>M tuberculosis </I>(<I>M tb</I>) can affect neonatal immunity to BCG using a mouse model.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>Neonates were obtained from mice that were previously exposed to live BCG, to live <I>M avium</I>, or to heat-killed <I>M tb</I> H37Rv, and from naïve control mothers. One week after birth, the neonates were divided into two subgroups: one group immunized with live BCG via the subcutaneous route and the other group of neonates sham-treated. Interferon-gamma (IFNγ) secretion in response to <I>in vitro </I>stimulation with heat-killed BCG or purified protein derivative (PPD) was examined. Protection against <I>M tb</I> infection was evaluated by challenging mice nasally with live <I>M tb</I> H37Rv followed by counting colonies from spleen and lung homogenates.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>BCG-immunized neonates showed increased IFNγ secretion in response to heat-killed BCG or PPD. All mice in BCG-immunized neonates subgroups showed reduced bacterial burden (colony forming unit) in the lungs when compared with control naive neonate mice. However, no statistically significant difference was observed when comparing BCG-immunized mice born from mothers previously exposed to <I>M avium</I> or immunized with either heat-killed H37Rv or live BCG and mice born from naïve mothers.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>The maternal immune status to <I>M tb</I> does not appear to impact on the immunogenicity of BCG vaccine in their progeny in our experimental conditions</P>
Lee, Eun Young,Lee, Sena,Rho, Semi,Kim, Jae-Ouk,Choi, Seuk Keun,Lee, Young Jin,Park, Joo Young,Song, Manki,Yang, Jae Seung 대한백신학회 2018 Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research Vol.7 No.2
<P><B>Purpose</B></P><P>An oral cholera vaccine (OCV), Euvichol, with thimerosal (TM) as preservative, was prequalified by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2015. In recent years, public health services and regulatory bodies recommended to eliminate TM in vaccines due to theoretical safety concerns. In this study, we examined whether TM-free Euvichol induces comparable immunogenicity to its TM-containing formulation in animal model.</P><P><B>Materials and Methods</B></P><P>To evaluate and compare the immunogenicity of the two variations of OCV, mice were immunized with TM-free or TM-containing Euvichol twice at 2-week interval by intranasal or oral route. One week after the last immunization, mice were challenged with <I>Vibrio cholerae</I> O1 and daily monitored to examine the protective immunity against cholera infection. In addition, serum samples were obtained from mice to measure vibriocidal activity and vaccine-specific IgG, IgM, and IgA antibodies using vibriocidal assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>No significant difference in immunogenicity, including vibriocidal activity and vaccine-specific IgG, IgM, and IgA in serum, was observed between mice groups administered with TM-free and -containing Euvichol, regardless of immunization route. However, intranasally immunized mice elicited higher levels of serum antibodies than those immunized via oral route. Moreover, intranasal immunization completely protected mice against <I>V. cholerae</I> challenge but not oral immunization. There was no significant difference in protection between two Euvichol variations.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>These results suggested that TM-free Euvichol could provide comparable immunogenicity to the WHO prequalified Euvichol containing TM as it was later confirmed in a clinical study. The pulmonary mouse cholera model can be considered useful to examine <I>in vivo</I> the potency of OCVs.</P>
Hyoung-Joon Moon,Seong-Jun Park,김혜권,Soo-Kyung Ann,Semi Rho,Hyun-Ok Keum,Bong-Kyun Park 대한수의학회 2010 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.11 No.3
The purpose of this study was to develop a multiplex PCR that can detect porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV)proviral genes (pol, envA, envB, envC) and porcine mitochondrial DNA, using a dual priming oligonucleotide (DPO) system. The primer specifically detected the PERV proviral genes pol, envA, envB, envC, and porcine mitochondrial DNA only in samples of pig origin. The sensitivity of the primer was demonstrated by simultaneous amplification of all 5 target genes in as little as 10 pg of pig DNA containing PERV proviral genes and mitochondrial DNA. The multiplex PCR, when applied to field samples,simultaneously and successfully amplified PERV proviral genes from liver, blood and hair root samples. Thus, the multiplex PCR developed in the current study using DPO-based primers is a rapid, sensitive and specific assay for the detection and subtyping of PERV proviral genes.