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Cho, Song Mi,Kang, Beom Ryong,Han, Song Hee,Anderson, Anne J,Park, Ju-Young,Lee, Yong-Hwan,Cho, Baik Ho,Yang, Kwang-Yeol,Ryu, Choong-Min,Kim, Young Cheol APS Press 2008 Molecular plant-microbe interactions Vol.21 No.8
<P>Root colonization of plants with certain rhizobacteria, such as Pseudomonas chlororaphis O6, induces tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Tolerance to drought was correlated with reduced water loss in P. chlororaphis O6-colonized plants and with stomatal closure, indicated by size of stomatal aperture and percentage of closed stomata. Stomatal closure and drought resistance were mediated by production of 2R,3R-butanediol, a volatile metabolite of P. chlororaphis O6. Root colonization with bacteria deficient in 2R,3R-butanediol production showed no induction of drought tolerance. Studies with Arabidopsis mutant lines indicated that induced drought tolerance required the salicylic acid (SA)-, ethylene-, and jasmonic acid-signaling pathways. Both induced drought tolerance and stomatal closure were dependent on Aba-1 and OST-1 kinase. Increases in free SA after drought stress of P. chlororaphis O6-colonized plants and after 2R,3R-butanediol treatment suggested a primary role for SA signaling in induced drought tolerance. We conclude that the bacterial volatile 2R,3R-butanediol was a major determinant in inducing resistance to drought in Arabidopsis through an SA-dependent mechanism.</P>
Miscibility and Properties of cis-Polybutadiene/Ethyl-Branched Polyethylene Blends (II)
Cho, Ur-Ryong The Polymer Society of Korea 2000 Korea polymer journal Vol.8 No.2
Cis-Polybutadiene (cis-PBD) and the three polyethylenes (PE's) having different branch content were mixed to investigate crystallinity, thermodynamic interaction parameter(c), and diluents effect. Crys-tallinty of PE's decreased with increasing content of amorphous cis-PBD because of a decrease in both the degree of annealing and kinetics of diffusion of the crystallizable polymer content. The thermodynamic interaction parameter(c) for the three blend systems approximately equals to zero near the melting point. These systems were determined to be miscible on a molecular scale near or above the crystalline melting point of the crystalline PE's. From the measurement of T$\sub$m/ vs. T$\sub$c/ behavior, all the three blends showed a straight line for a plot of T$\sub$m/ vs. T$\sub$c/. This result means that the melting behavior of PE is mainly due to a diluent effect of cis-PBD component.
On the near-wall modelling of the dissipation tensor εij
Cho, Ji Ryong 인제대학교 1996 仁濟論叢 Vol.12 No.2
본 연구에서는 난류운동에너지의 비균질 소멸이 서로 다른 두 물리적 기구에 의하여 일어난다고 가정을 하였다. 즉, 첫 번째는 벽 경계에서의 점착 조건 (No-Slip Condition)에 의하여 형성이 되는 강력한 난류응력의 비 균질화에 의하여 비균질 소멸이 야기되고, 두 번째로 벽에서 반사되는 압력장에 의하여 벽에 수직인 난류떨림 속도가 감쇄됨으로써 난류에디가 납작하게 변형이 되고 이에 따라 또 다른 비균질 소멸이 야기가 된다. 이러한 물리적 고려를 통하여 보다 정확한 소멸 텐서의 모형을 유도하였다. 이 모형을 소멸의 등방성 가정이 타당하지 않은 벽 근처 유동에 적용을 하여 제시된 모형이 기존의 어떠한 모형 보다도 우월함을 규명하였다. In this work it has been noted that the inhomogeneous dissipation arises from two separate physical mechanisms: one from the strong inhomogeneity of stress field incurred by the no-slip boundary condition, and another from the distortion of turbulent eddies, which is caused by the damped wall-normal fluctuating velocity. This consideration has made it possible to construct a more eleborated and well- behaving dissipation tensor model. The proposed model has been verified in the near-wall flow region where the approximation of local isotropy of dissipation is no longer valid.
CHO, Chae-Ryong,SHI, Erwei,JANG, Min-Su,JEONG, Se-Young,KIM, Seong-Chul 동의대학교 기초과학연구소 1995 基礎科學硏究論文集 Vol.5 No.1
Crack-free dense, polycrystalline BaTiO₃ thin films have been synthesized on the Ti-deposited Si(100) substrates with various alkaline solutions of barium salts in the temperature range from 150℃ to 280℃ by hydrothermal method. The fabricated BaTiO₃ thin films were found to have good adhesion on the substrate. The structural properties of thin films were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. It was discussed about the crystallinity, surface morphology and interfaces of the resultant films depending on the reaction conditions such as time, temperature and solution. The thickness of the films increased with increasing temperature and time of reaction. The dielectric constants and the loss factor of thin film were measured in the frequency range from 100㎐ to 1㎒ at room temperature.
Role of the rice hexokinases OsHXK5 and OsHXK6 as glucose sensors.
Cho, Jung-Il,Ryoo, Nayeon,Eom, Joon-Seob,Lee, Dae-Woo,Kim, Hyun-Bi,Jeong, Seok-Won,Lee, Youn-Hyung,Kwon, Yong-Kook,Cho, Man-Ho,Bhoo, Seong Hee,Hahn, Tae-Ryong,Park, Youn-Il,Hwang, Ildoo,Sheen, Jen,Jeo American Society of Plant Physiologists 2009 Plant Physiology Vol.149 No.2
<P>The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) hexokinase 1 (AtHXK1) is recognized as an important glucose (Glc) sensor. However, the function of hexokinases as Glc sensors has not been clearly demonstrated in other plant species, including rice (Oryza sativa). To investigate the functions of rice hexokinase isoforms, we characterized OsHXK5 and OsHXK6, which are evolutionarily related to AtHXK1. Transient expression analyses using GFP fusion constructs revealed that OsHXK5 and OsHXK6 are associated with mitochondria. Interestingly, the OsHXK5DeltamTP-GFP and OsHXK6DeltamTP-GFP fusion proteins, which lack N-terminal mitochondrial targeting peptides, were present mainly in the nucleus with a small amount of the proteins seen in the cytosol. In addition, the OsHXK5NLS-GFP and OsHXK6NLS-GFP fusion proteins harboring nuclear localization signals were targeted predominantly in the nucleus, suggesting that these OsHXKs retain a dual-targeting ability to mitochondria and nuclei. In transient expression assays using promoterluciferase fusion constructs, these two OsHXKs and their catalytically inactive alleles dramatically enhanced the Glc-dependent repression of the maize (Zea mays) Rubisco small subunit (RbcS) and rice alpha-amylase genes in mesophyll protoplasts of maize and rice. Notably, the expression of OsHXK5, OsHXK6, or their mutant alleles complemented the Arabidopsis glucose insensitive2-1 mutant, thereby resulting in wild-type characteristics in seedling development, Glc-dependent gene expression, and plant growth. Furthermore, transgenic rice plants overexpressing OsHXK5 or OsHXK6 exhibited hypersensitive plant growth retardation and enhanced repression of the photosynthetic gene RbcS in response to Glc treatment. These results provide evidence that rice OsHXK5 and OsHXK6 can function as Glc sensors.</P>