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Cerebellar Structural Abnormality in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study
Lu Qifang,Chen Jin,Wang Yanming,Huang Li,Jiang Zhoufan,Nguchu Benedictor Alexander,Chen Shishuo,Qiu Bensheng,Wang Xiaoxiao 대한신경정신의학회 2023 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.20 No.4
Objective This study uses structural magnetic resonance imaging to explore changes in the cerebellar lobules in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and further analyze the correlation between cerebellar structural changes and clinical symptoms of ASD.Methods A total of 75 patients with ASD and 97 typically developing (TD) subjects from Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange dataset were recruited. We adopted an advanced automatic cerebellar lobule segmentation technique called CEREbellum Segmentation to segment each cerebellar hemisphere into 12 lobules. Normalized cortical thickness of each lobule was recorded, and group differences in the cortical measures were evaluated. Correlation analysis was also performed between the normalized cortical thickness and the score of Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised.Results Results from analysis of variance showed that the normalized cortical thickness of the ASD group differed significantly from that of the TD group; specifically, the ASD group had lower normalized cortical thickness than the TD group. Post-hoc analysis revealed that the differences were more predominant in the left lobule VI, left lobule Crus I and left lobule X, and in the right lobule VI and right lobule Crus I. Lowered normalized cortical thickness in the left lobule Crus I in the ASD patients correlated positively with the abnormality of development evident at or before 36 months subscore.Conclusion These results suggest abnormal development of cerebellar lobule structures in ASD patients, and such abnormality might significantly influence the pathogenesis of ASD. These findings provide new insights into the neural mechanisms of ASD, which may be clinically relevant to ASD diagnosis.
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Fei Zhao,Qifang Lu,Zhiliang Xiu,Chaofeng Zhu 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2016 NANO Vol.11 No.4
One-dimensional (1D) CuO/In2O3 heterostructured nanofibers with the diameter of about 300 nm were successfully prepared through combining a facile single-capillary electrospinning with sintering process, and investigated by thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) techniques, etc. The photocatalytic activities were examined by degrading methylene blue (MB) under 500W xenon lamp, halogen lamp and mercury lamp irradiation, respectively. The heterostructured nanofibers exhibited a higher photocatalytic activity than P25-TiO2 under 500W xenon lamp irradiation due to the enhanced absorption for visible light and the efficient electron–hole separation and transportation. The single CuO microfibers and In2O3 nanofibers were also prepared as the control groups by the same method.
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