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        Aqueous Azadirachta indica (Neem) Extract Attenuates Insulin Resistance to Improve Glycemic Control and Endothelial Function in Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome

        Usharani Pingali,Bhavani Vuppalanchi,Chandrasekhar Nutalapati,Srinivas Gundagani 한국식품영양과학회 2021 Journal of medicinal food Vol.24 No.11

        Neem (Azadirachta indica) exhibits multiple therapeutic benefits in preclinical studies, but clinical studies are lacking. This clinical study investigated the efficacy and safety of an aqueous A. indica leaf and twig extract (NEEM) on metabolic parameters in subjects with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Subjects were randomized to receive (1) placebo or (2) 125 mg, (3) 250 mg, or (4) 500 mg of NEEM twice daily (n = 20/group) for 12 weeks. Fasting blood sugar (FBS) and insulin, postprandial blood sugar (PPBS), insulin resistance (IR), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), endothelial function, circulating markers of inflammation and oxidative stress, lipid profiles, and platelet aggregation were measured at weeks 0, 4, 8, and 12. NEEM supplementation dose dependently improved the trajectories for FBS, PPBS, IR, and HbA1c over time, as well as endothelial function and most markers of inflammation and oxidative stress. Therefore, NEEM may be considered a promising therapeutic to attenuate the hyperglycemia and associated cardiometabolic derangements in people with MetS. Clinical trial registration no.: CTRI/2019/03/018034 [registered on: March 12, 2019].

      • The Codon 399 Arg/Gln XRCC1 Polymorphism is Associated with Lung Cancer in Indians

        Natukula, Kirmani,Jamil, Kaiser,Pingali, Usha Rani,Attili, Venkata Satya Suresh,Madireddy, Umamaheshwar Rao Naidu Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.9

        Background: The XRCC1 (X-ray repair cross complimenting group-I) gene in BER (base excision repair) pathway is essential for DNA repair process. Polymorphisms in this gene are associated with variations in the repair efficiency which might predispose individuals to development of various cancers. Two variants of XRCC1gene (at codon 399), Gln/Gln and Arg/Gln, have been shown to be related to lowered DNA repair capacity and increased genomic instability in multiple studies. Hence our investigation focused on genotyping these variants to correlate with other multiple risk factors in lung cancer (NSCLC) patients since we hypothesized that these variants of the XRCC1 gene might influence disease susceptibility. Materials and Methods: We examined the frequency of the polymorphism in one hundred cases and an almost equal number of controls after recording their demographics with a structured questionnaire. Genomic DNA from blood samples was extracted for PCR studies, followed by RFLP to determine the variants. The significance of the data was statistically analyzed. Results: The three genotypes in cases and controls were Arg/Arg (40% and 54.45%); Gln/Gln (19% and 9.90%), and Arg/Gln (41.0% and 35.64%) respectively. Among these 3 genotypes, we found Gln/Gln and Arg/Gln to show association with lung cancer. Correlating these genotypes with several parameters, we also found that these two variants were associated with risk in males (p<0.05) and with smoking habits (p<0.05). In females Arg/Gln genotype showed association with stage of the disease (p=0.04). This is the first report in South Indian scenario where Arg399Gln genotypes were found to be associated with stage of the disease in females. Conclusions: It is concluded that XRCC1 genotypes Gln/Gln and Arg/Gln may influence cancer susceptibility in patients with smoking habits and these functional SNPs in XRCC1 gene may act as attractive candidate biomarkers in lung cancer for diagnosis and prognosis.

      • Survival Analysis in Advanced Non Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Platinum Based Chemotherapy in Combination with Paclitaxel, Gemcitabine and Etoposide

        Natukula, Kirmani,Jamil, Kaiser,Pingali, Usha Rani,Attili, Venkata Satya Suresh,Madireddy, Umamaheshwar Rao Naidu Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.8

        Background: The wide spectrum of clinical features in advanced stages of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) probably contributes to disparities in outcomes because of different prognostic variables significant for stage IIIB/IV patients. Hence the aim of this study was to check for favorable response of patients to various chemotherapeutic combinations with respect to patient survival in stage IIIB and stage IV NSCLC disease. We selected those patients for our study who were receiving treatment with paclitaxel, gemcitabine or etoposide in combination with platinum based drugs. Materials and Methods: Seventy-two patients who visited the hospital from June 2009 to November 2012 with confirmed diagnosis of lung cancer were included, and data were collected for follow up and classified according to treatment received with respect to patients' regimen and response, and overall survival. This study analyzed tumor variables that were associated with clinical outcome in advanced NSCLC patients who were undergoing first-line chemotherapy for stage IIIB/IV NSCLC. Results: Comparative data on various parameters like age, gender, stage, histology, site of disease, metastatic site and chemo-regimens was analyzed; these parameters predicted variable significant improvement for overall survival ($p{\geq}0.05$). One and two year survival rates were 20.8% and 15.3%. Conclusions: In this study we found slight improvement in survival rates in NSCLC and clinical outcomes with one combination (carboplatin+paclitaxel). Overall there were only marginal differences in survival rates for other chemo-regimens evaluated in this study.

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