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Peihua Zhao,Mei Zhang,Denghui Wu,Yaqing Liu 한국화학공학회 2013 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.30 No.9
A novel triazine flame retardant (FR) has been successfully synthesized by the reaction of cyanuric chloride with sodium sulfanilate followed by diethanol amine. Its structure has been fully characterized by IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The effects of reaction solvent, acid-binding agent, reaction temperature, and molar ratio of starting materials on the yield of FR were investigated in detail. Experiments showed that when the molar ratio of intermediate I to diethanol amine is 1 to 1.2 in the presence of sodium carbonate as acid-binding agent in acetone-water at 45 oC, the yield of the obtained FR reaches 81.4%. Thermogravimetry (TG) test indicated that the FR has good thermostability and char-forming ability. In addition, the flame retardancy and thermal behavior of the cotton fabrics treated with FR were studied by limiting oxygen index (LOI), vertical flammability test, and thermogravimetry (TG) to evaluate the flameretardant performance of the target FR. These results demonstrated that the flame retardancy and thermal stability of the cotton fabrics treated with FR were clearly improved.
Highly flame-retarding cotton fabrics with a novel phosphorus/nitrogen intumescent flame retardant
Peihua Zhao,Yaqing Liu,Xinhang Li,Mei Zhang,Shengnan Liu,Wenjun Liang 한국화학공학회 2014 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.31 No.9
A novel phosphorus/nitrogen intumescent flame retardant, namely 6-chloro-4-(diethylamino phosphoratephosphoryl chloride)-2-(sodium 4-aminobenzensulfonate)-1,3,5-triazine (APPCABT), has been synthesized and charac-terized by elemental analysis, FT-IR,1H-NMR and31P{H}-NMR spectroscopies. To investigate the flame-retardingproperties of the treated cotton fabrics, APPCABT was applied to the chemical treatment of the cotton fabrics surface. The flame-retarding performance of the treated samples with APPCABT was evaluated by limiting oxygen index (LOI). The thermal degradation behavior of the treated samples was studied using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Thesurface morphology of the treated samples was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). These results showthat APPCABT is both an intumescent flame retardant with high efficiency and an excellent char-forming agent forthe flame-retarding treatment of cotton fabrics.
Clean and facile synthesis of triuret from urea and dimethyl carbonate (DMC) under mild conditions
Jianchao Chen,Peihua Zhao,Hua Liu,Futian Zhu,Yaqing Liu 한국화학공학회 2012 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.29 No.3
Triuret has been successfully synthesized by the reaction of urea with dimethyl carbonate (DMC) under mild conditions in the presence of potassium methoxide as a catalyst. It has been fully characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR,13C-NMR, and MS. Effects of the catalyst, the molar ratio of starting materials, and the reaction time on the obtained product were examined in detail. It was found that when n (urea) : n (DMC)=1.2 : 1, 6 h, and 0.8% catalyst, the yield of triuret can reach 98.1%. Especially, this novel procedure is reported for the first time and has many significant advantages such as easy and clean synthesis, simple work up, and high yields.