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Hybrid Breeding in Vegetables in Nepal
Tek Prasad Gotame,Ishwori Prasad Gautam,Surendra Lal Shrestha,Navin Gopal Pradhan 한국국제농업개발학회 2021 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.33 No.4
In Nepal, about 73% of the vegetable production area is estimated to be covered by hybrid varieties. Most of the hybrid seeds in vegetable crops are imported from abroad. Considering the demand for hybrid vegetable varieties, the National Horticulture Research Centre (NHRC), Khumaltar, Lalitpur has started hybrid breeding of vegetables using a conventional approach since the fiscal year 2003/04. With this effort, the tomato hybrid ‘Srijana’ was developed and registered in 2010. This variety was estimated to cover about 35% of the total tomato cultivated area. Two tomato hybrids, namely ‘Khumal Hybrid Tomato-2 (HRA14 × HRD7) and ‘Khumal Hybrid Tomato-3’ (HRA20 × HRD2), showed good performance and were released in the National Seed Board in 2021. It was found that the heterosis for the yield was 87% in ‘Khumal Hybrid Tomato-2’ and 95% in ‘Khumal Hybrid Tomato-3’ with a potential yield of 70 MT/ha and 60 MT/ha, respectively, under open field conditions. Similarly, a comparative study of 7 tomato hybrids at different research stations was carried out and it showed that F1 (HRA13 × HRD7) could be a potential hybrid for the western region with a potential productivity of 116.8 MT/ha under a protected cultivation system. Hybrid breeding of cucumber was also initiated in the fiscal year 2007/08. A total of 12 crosses in cucumber were performed and two hybrids F1 (HRDCUC004 x RDCUC001), 107 MT/ha and F1 (HRDCUC009 × HRDCUC003) 150 MT/ha were found promising. Hybrid breeding in brinjal, hot pepper and bitter gourd has also been started. Furthermore, key problems and way forward to strengthen hybrid vegetable breeding in Nepal were also discussed.
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Niresh Thapa,Muna Maharjan,Marcia A. Petrini,Rajiv Shah,Swati Shah,Narayani Maharjan,Navin Shrestha,Hongbing Cai 대한부인종양학회 2018 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.29 No.4
OBJECTIVE: To find out the knowledge, attitude, practice, and barriers of cervical cancer screening in mid-western rural, Nepal. METHODS: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted. Women aged 20 or more were interviewed using a structured questionnaire regarding the socio-demographic information, knowledge, attitude, practice, and barriers to the cervical cancer screening. RESULTS: Total of 360 participants were recruited for this study, mean age was 30.13±10.4 years. More than 87% of participants had inadequate knowledge, but around 72% had a favorable attitude towards cervical cancer screening. There was a significant portion of women (86.4%) had never done any cervical cancer screening test. Despite being higher literacy rate of Brahmin and Chhetri ethnic group, they were less likely to attend the cervical cancer screening than Dalit and Janajati (p<0.001); and those who had a positive family history of cancer were more likely to attend the cervical cancer screening (p<0.001). Similarly, married women, who had adequate knowledge and or favorable attitude, were more likely to practice cervical cancer screening, though statistically not significant. Factors such as "No symptoms," "Lack of awareness," "Embarrassment," etc. were the most common barriers for the cervical cancer screening. CONCLUSION: The adequate knowledge and practice of cervical cancer screening were meager among rural Nepalese women, but most of them had a favorable attitude. There is an imperative need for related awareness programs to promote the uptake of cervical cancer screening tests.
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