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Nayak, R.R.,Nag, O.K.,Woo, H.Y.,Hwang, S.,Vak, D.,Korystov, D.,Jin, Y.,Suh, H. Elsevier 2009 CURRENT APPLIED PHYSICS Vol.9 No.3
Two cationic conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPs, P1i and P2i) were synthesized and examined as a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) donor to fluorescein (Fl)-labeled single-stranded DNA (ssDNA-Fl) using steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The two polymers have the same π-conjugation with the main structural difference being the presence of the spiro-anthracenyl substituents orthogonal to the polymer backbone of P2i. These spiro-substituents can function as a molecular spacer that increases the intermolecular separation in the electrostatic complex with ssDNA-Fl. We measured almost complete PL quenching of the excited Fl* after electrostatic complexation with P1i (PL lifetime 4ns->78ps) and relatively moderate quenching with P2i (PL lifetime 4ns->552ps). A quenching efficiency (Φ<SUB>eT</SUB>) of 98% and 86% was obtained for P1i/ssDNA-Fl and for P2i/ssDNA-Fl, respectively. Both systems have same thermodynamic driving force for quenching as a result of them having the same electronic structures. This discrepancy can be explained in terms of the reduced quenching (via electron transfer, eT) by the increased D-A distance due to the existence of spiro-attached molecular spacers in P2i. It shows that thermodynamically favorable eT quenching can be controlled kinetically by modulating the D-A intermolecular distance using molecular spacers, which suggests an important molecular design guideline for efficient CPs-based DNA detection.
Cytological Characterization of Interspecific Hybrids in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Eung Gi Jeong,Darshan S. Brar,Kyung Ho Kang,Heung Goo Hwang,Kshirod K. Jena,Ho Yeong Kim,Sang Nag Ahn,Gihwan Yi,Min Hee Nam 한국육종학회 2005 한국육종학회지 Vol.37 No.1
The wild species of Oryza are an important source of useful genes for resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses in rice. In this study, wide hybridization was used to widen the genepool of japonica rice cultivars. Interspecific crosses were made between three japonica rice cultivars and four wild species of the genus Oryza. Hybrids were produced normally through crosses between O. sativa (AA genome) and O. rufipogon (AA genome). However, hybrids between O. sativa and other distantly related wild species such as O. officinalis (CC genome), O. minuta (BBCC genome), and O. alta (CCDD genome) were produced following hybridization and embryo rescue. The hybrids were intermediate in their morphological characters, compared with the parents of cultivated and wild species. The hybrids between O. sativa and O. rufipogon were partially sterile but the hybrids between O. sativa and O. officinalis, O. sativa and O. minuta, O. sativa and O. alta were completely sterile. Cytological analysis of the interspecific hybrids, AA x CC, AA x BBCC, AA x CCDD showed irregular meiosis with predominant occurrence of univalents and unequal distribution of chromosomes at anaphase 1 of meiosis. Genomic In-situ Hybridization (GISH) analysis showed the presence of O. minuta chromosomes in the F₁ hybrids between O. sativa and O. minuta cross.
Cho, Jin Hyoung,Lee, Ra Ham,Jeon, Young-Joo,Park, Seon-Min,Shin, Jae-Cheon,Kim, Seok-Ho,Jeong, Jin Young,Kang, Hyun-sung,Choi, Nag-Jin,Seo, Kang Seok,Cho, Young Sik,Kim, MinSeok S.,Ko, Sungho,Seo, Jae Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2016 Animal Bioscience Vol.29 No.11
Meat quality is a complex trait influenced by many factors, including genetics, nutrition, feeding environment, animal handling, and their interactions. To elucidate relevant factors affecting pork quality associated with oxidative stress and muscle development, we analyzed protein expression in high quality longissimus dorsi muscles (HQLD) and low quality longissimus dorsi muscles (LQLD) from Duroc pigs by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based proteomic analysis. Between HQLD (n = 20) and LQLD (n = 20) Duroc pigs, 24 differentially expressed proteins were identified by LC-MS/MS. A total of 10 and 14 proteins were highly expressed in HQLD and LQLD, respectively. The 24 proteins have putative functions in the following seven categories: catalytic activity (31%), ATPase activity (19%), oxidoreductase activity (13%), cytoskeletal protein binding (13%), actin binding (12%), calcium ion binding (6%), and structural constituent of muscle (6%). Silver-stained image analysis revealed significant differential expression of lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) between HQLD and LQLD Duroc pigs. LDHA was subjected to in vitro study of myogenesis under oxidative stress conditions and LDH activity assay to verification its role in oxidative stress. No significant difference of mRNA expression level of LDHA was found between normal and oxidative stress condition. However, LDH activity was significantly higher under oxidative stress condition than at normal condition using in vitro model of myogenesis. The highly expressed LDHA was positively correlated with LQLD. Moreover, LDHA activity increased by oxidative stress was reduced by antioxidant resveratrol. This paper emphasizes the importance of differential expression patterns of proteins and their interaction for the development of meat quality traits. Our proteome data provides valuable information on important factors which might aid in the regulation of muscle development and the improvement of meat quality in longissimus dorsi muscles of Duroc pigs under oxidative stress conditions.
Cho, Jin Hyoung,Jeong, Jin Young,Lee, Ra Ham,Park, Mi Na,Kim, Seok-Ho,Park, Seon-Min,Shin, Jae-Cheon,Jeon, Young-Joo,Shim, Jung-Hyun,Choi, Nag-Jin,Seo, Kang Seok,Cho, Young Sik,Kim, MinSeok S.,Ko, Sun Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2016 Animal Bioscience Vol.29 No.8
Adipose tissue in the loin muscle area of beef cattle as a marbling factor is directly associated with beef quality. To elucidate whether properties of proteins involved in depot specific adipose tissue were sex-dependent, we analyzed protein expression of intramuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) and omental adipose tissue (OMAT) from Hanwoo cows, steers, and bulls of Korean native beef cattle by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based proteomic analysis, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blot analysis. Two different adipose depots (i.e. intramuscular and omental) were collected from cows (n = 7), steers (n = 7), or bulls (n = 7). LC-MS/MS revealed a total of 55 and 35 proteins in IMAT and OMAT, respectively. Of the 55 proteins identified, 44, 40, and 42 proteins were confirmed to be differentially expressed in IMAT of cows, steers, and bulls, respectively. In OMAT of cows, steers, and bulls, 33, 33, and 22 were confirmed to be differentially expressed, respectively. Tropomyosin (TPM) 1, TPM 2, and TPM3 were subjected to verification by quantitative PCR and western blot analysis in IMAT and OMAT of Hanwoo cows, steers, and bulls as key factors closely associated with muscle development. Both mRNA levels and protein levels of TPM1, TPM2, and TPM3 in IMAT were lower in bulls compared to in cows or steers suggesting that they were positively correlated with marbling score and quality grade. Our results may aid the regulation of marbling development and improvement of meat quality grades in beef cattle.